编辑:
我需要改变几个变量的值，因为他们通过计时器运行几次。我需要在计时器的每次迭代中不断更新值。我不能将值设置为final，因为这将阻止我更新值，但是我得到了我在下面的初始问题中描述的错误:
我之前写过如下内容:
我得到错误“不能引用在不同方法中定义的内部类中的非最终变量”。
这发生在名为price的double和名为priceObject的price上。你知道我为什么会有这个问题吗?我不明白为什么我要做最后申报。如果你能看到我在做什么，我要怎么做才能解决这个问题。
public static void main(String args[]) {
int period = 2000;
int delay = 2000;
double lastPrice = 0;
Price priceObject = new Price();
double price = 0;
Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
public void run() {
price = priceObject.getNextPrice(lastPrice);
System.out.println();
lastPrice = price;
}
}, delay, period);
}
当我偶然发现这个问题时，我只是通过构造函数将对象传递给内部类。如果需要传递原语或不可变对象(如本例)，则需要包装器类。
编辑:实际上，我根本不使用匿名类，而是一个适当的子类:
public class PriceData {
private double lastPrice = 0;
private double price = 0;
public void setlastPrice(double lastPrice) {
this.lastPrice = lastPrice;
}
public double getLastPrice() {
return lastPrice;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
}
public class PriceTimerTask extends TimerTask {
private PriceData priceData;
private Price priceObject;
public PriceTimerTask(PriceData priceData, Price priceObject) {
this.priceData = priceData;
this.priceObject = priceObject;
}
public void run() {
priceData.setPrice(priceObject.getNextPrice(lastPrice));
System.out.println();
priceData.setLastPrice(priceData.getPrice());
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
int period = 2000;
int delay = 2000;
PriceData priceData = new PriceData();
Price priceObject = new Price();
Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new PriceTimerTask(priceData, priceObject), delay, period);
}
我只是写了一些东西来处理作者的意图。
我发现最好的办法是让构造函数取所有的对象，然后在你实现的方法中使用构造函数对象。
但是，如果您正在编写一个泛型接口类，那么您必须传递一个Object，或者最好是一个Object列表。这可以通过Object[]完成，甚至更好，Object…因为这样更容易打电话。
请看下面的例子。
List<String> lst = new ArrayList<String>();
lst.add("1");
lst.add("2");
SomeAbstractClass p = new SomeAbstractClass (lst, "another parameter", 20, true) {
public void perform( ) {
ArrayList<String> lst = (ArrayList<String>)getArgs()[0];
}
};
public abstract class SomeAbstractClass{
private Object[] args;
public SomeAbstractClass(Object ... args) {
this.args = args;
}
public abstract void perform();
public Object[] getArgs() {
return args;
}
}
请参阅这篇关于Java闭包的文章，它支持开箱即用:
http://mseifed.blogspot.se/2012/09/closure-implementation-for-java-5-6-and.html
版本1支持通过自动转换传递非最终闭包:
https://github.com/MSeifeddo/Closure-implementation-for-Java-5-6-and-7/blob/master/org/mo/closure/v1/Closure.java
SortedSet<String> sortedNames = new TreeSet<String>();
// NOTE! Instead of enforcing final, we pass it through the constructor
eachLine(randomFile0, new V1<String>(sortedNames) {
public void call(String line) {
SortedSet<String> sortedNames = castFirst(); // Read contructor arg zero, and auto cast it
sortedNames.add(extractName(line));
}
});
主要的问题是匿名类实例中的变量是否可以在运行时解析。只要保证变量在运行时范围内，就不一定要使变量为final。例如，请参阅updateStatus()方法中的两个变量_statusMessage和_statusTextView。
public class WorkerService extends Service {
Worker _worker;
ExecutorService _executorService;
ScheduledExecutorService _scheduledStopService;
TextView _statusTextView;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
_worker = new Worker(this);
_worker.monitorGpsInBackground();
// To get a thread pool service containing merely one thread
_executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
// schedule something to run in the future
_scheduledStopService = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
ServiceRunnable runnable = new ServiceRunnable(this, startId);
_executorService.execute(runnable);
// the return value tells what the OS should
// do if this service is killed for resource reasons
// 1. START_STICKY: the OS restarts the service when resources become
// available by passing a null intent to onStartCommand
// 2. START_REDELIVER_INTENT: the OS restarts the service when resources
// become available by passing the last intent that was passed to the
// service before it was killed to onStartCommand
// 3. START_NOT_STICKY: just wait for next call to startService, no
// auto-restart
return Service.START_NOT_STICKY;
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
_worker.stopGpsMonitoring();
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
class ServiceRunnable implements Runnable {
WorkerService _theService;
int _startId;
String _statusMessage;
public ServiceRunnable(WorkerService theService, int startId) {
_theService = theService;
_startId = startId;
}
@Override
public void run() {
_statusTextView = MyActivity.getActivityStatusView();
// get most recently available location as a latitude /
// longtitude
Location location = _worker.getLocation();
updateStatus("Starting");
// convert lat/lng to a human-readable address
String address = _worker.reverseGeocode(location);
updateStatus("Reverse geocoding");
// Write the location and address out to a file
_worker.save(location, address, "ResponsiveUx.out");
updateStatus("Done");
DelayedStopRequest stopRequest = new DelayedStopRequest(_theService, _startId);
// schedule a stopRequest after 10 seconds
_theService._scheduledStopService.schedule(stopRequest, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
void updateStatus(String message) {
_statusMessage = message;
if (_statusTextView != null) {
_statusTextView.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
_statusTextView.setText(_statusMessage);
}
});
}
}
}
