编辑:
我需要改变几个变量的值，因为他们通过计时器运行几次。我需要在计时器的每次迭代中不断更新值。我不能将值设置为final，因为这将阻止我更新值，但是我得到了我在下面的初始问题中描述的错误:
我之前写过如下内容:
我得到错误“不能引用在不同方法中定义的内部类中的非最终变量”。
这发生在名为price的double和名为priceObject的price上。你知道我为什么会有这个问题吗?我不明白为什么我要做最后申报。如果你能看到我在做什么，我要怎么做才能解决这个问题。
public static void main(String args[]) {
int period = 2000;
int delay = 2000;
double lastPrice = 0;
Price priceObject = new Price();
double price = 0;
Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(new TimerTask() {
public void run() {
price = priceObject.getNextPrice(lastPrice);
System.out.println();
lastPrice = price;
}
}, delay, period);
}
主要的问题是匿名类实例中的变量是否可以在运行时解析。只要保证变量在运行时范围内，就不一定要使变量为final。例如，请参阅updateStatus()方法中的两个变量_statusMessage和_statusTextView。
public class WorkerService extends Service {
Worker _worker;
ExecutorService _executorService;
ScheduledExecutorService _scheduledStopService;
TextView _statusTextView;
@Override
public void onCreate() {
_worker = new Worker(this);
_worker.monitorGpsInBackground();
// To get a thread pool service containing merely one thread
_executorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
// schedule something to run in the future
_scheduledStopService = Executors.newSingleThreadScheduledExecutor();
}
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
ServiceRunnable runnable = new ServiceRunnable(this, startId);
_executorService.execute(runnable);
// the return value tells what the OS should
// do if this service is killed for resource reasons
// 1. START_STICKY: the OS restarts the service when resources become
// available by passing a null intent to onStartCommand
// 2. START_REDELIVER_INTENT: the OS restarts the service when resources
// become available by passing the last intent that was passed to the
// service before it was killed to onStartCommand
// 3. START_NOT_STICKY: just wait for next call to startService, no
// auto-restart
return Service.START_NOT_STICKY;
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
_worker.stopGpsMonitoring();
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
class ServiceRunnable implements Runnable {
WorkerService _theService;
int _startId;
String _statusMessage;
public ServiceRunnable(WorkerService theService, int startId) {
_theService = theService;
_startId = startId;
}
@Override
public void run() {
_statusTextView = MyActivity.getActivityStatusView();
// get most recently available location as a latitude /
// longtitude
Location location = _worker.getLocation();
updateStatus("Starting");
// convert lat/lng to a human-readable address
String address = _worker.reverseGeocode(location);
updateStatus("Reverse geocoding");
// Write the location and address out to a file
_worker.save(location, address, "ResponsiveUx.out");
updateStatus("Done");
DelayedStopRequest stopRequest = new DelayedStopRequest(_theService, _startId);
// schedule a stopRequest after 10 seconds
_theService._scheduledStopService.schedule(stopRequest, 10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
void updateStatus(String message) {
_statusMessage = message;
if (_statusTextView != null) {
_statusTextView.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
_statusTextView.setText(_statusMessage);
}
});
}
}
}
使用匿名类时，只能从包含类中访问最终变量。因此，您需要声明正在使用的变量为final(这对您来说不是一个选项，因为您正在更改lastPrice和price)，或者不要使用匿名类。
因此，您的选择是创建一个实际的内部类，您可以在其中传递变量并以正常方式使用它们
or:
对于你的lastPrice和price变量，有一个快速(在我看来很难看)的方法，就是像这样声明它
final double lastPrice[1];
final double price[1];
在匿名类中，你可以这样设置值
price[0] = priceObject.getNextPrice(lastPrice[0]);
System.out.println();
lastPrice[0] = price[0];
对于为什么你不能做你正在尝试做的事情，已经给出了很好的解释。作为解决方案，也许可以考虑:
public class foo
{
static class priceInfo
{
public double lastPrice = 0;
public double price = 0;
public Price priceObject = new Price ();
}
public static void main ( String args[] )
{
int period = 2000;
int delay = 2000;
final priceInfo pi = new priceInfo ();
Timer timer = new Timer ();
timer.scheduleAtFixedRate ( new TimerTask ()
{
public void run ()
{
pi.price = pi.priceObject.getNextPrice ( pi.lastPrice );
System.out.println ();
pi.lastPrice = pi.price;
}
}, delay, period );
}
}
似乎你可以做一个比这更好的设计，但其思想是你可以将更新的变量分组在一个不变的类引用中。
