源

IoC(控制反转):这是一个通用术语，以多种方式实现(事件，委托等)。

依赖注入:依赖注入是IoC的一个子类型，通过构造函数注入、setter注入或接口注入实现。

但是，Spring只支持以下两种类型:

Setter Injection Setter-based DI is realized by calling setter methods on the user’s beans after invoking a no-argument constructor or no-argument static factory method to instantiate their bean. Constructor Injection Constructor-based DI is realized by invoking a constructor with a number of arguments, each representing a collaborator.Using this we can validate that the injected beans are not null and fail fast(fail on compile time and not on run-time), so while starting application itself we get NullPointerException: bean does not exist. Constructor injection is Best practice to inject dependencies.

源

IoC(控制反转):这是一个通用术语，以多种方式实现(事件，委托等)。

依赖注入:依赖注入是IoC的一个子类型，通过构造函数注入、setter注入或接口注入实现。

但是，Spring只支持以下两种类型:

Setter Injection Setter-based DI is realized by calling setter methods on the user’s beans after invoking a no-argument constructor or no-argument static factory method to instantiate their bean. Constructor Injection Constructor-based DI is realized by invoking a constructor with a number of arguments, each representing a collaborator.Using this we can validate that the injected beans are not null and fail fast(fail on compile time and not on run-time), so while starting application itself we get NullPointerException: bean does not exist. Constructor injection is Best practice to inject dependencies.

DI是IoC的一个子集

IoC means that objects do not create other objects on which they rely to do their work. Instead, they get the objects that they need from an outside service (for example, xml file or single app service). 2 implementations of IoC, I use, are DI and ServiceLocator. DI means the IoC principle of getting dependent object is done without using concrete objects but abstractions (interfaces). This makes all components chain testable, cause higher level component doesn't depend on lower level component, only from the interface. Mocks implement these interfaces.

以下是一些实现IoC的其他技术。

控制反转是一种设计范式，其目标是为应用程序的目标组件提供更多的控制，即完成工作的组件。 依赖注入是一种模式，用于创建其他对象所依赖的对象实例，而在编译时不知道将使用哪个类来提供该功能。

实现控制反转有几种基本技术。这些都是:

使用工厂模式 使用服务定位器模式 使用任何给定类型的依赖注入: 1).构造函数注入 2). setter注入 3).接口注入

IOC(控制反转):将获取对象实例的控制权交给容器称为控制反转，这意味着不是您使用new操作符创建对象，而是让容器为您创建对象。

DI(依赖注入):向对象注入属性的方式称为依赖注入。

我们有三种类型的依赖注入:

构造函数注入 Setter和Getter注入 接口注入

Spring只支持构造函数注入和Setter/Getter注入。

让我们从SOLID的D开始，看看Scott Millett的书《Professional ASP. IoC》中的DI和IoC。NET设计模式":

Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP) The DIP is all about isolating your classes from concrete implementations and having them depend on abstract classes or interfaces. It promotes the mantra of coding to an interface rather than an implementation, which increases flexibility within a system by ensuring you are not tightly coupled to one implementation. Dependency Injection (DI) and Inversion of Control (IoC) Closely linked to the DIP are the DI principle and the IoC principle. DI is the act of supplying a low level or dependent class via a constructor, method, or property. Used in conjunction with DI, these dependent classes can be inverted to interfaces or abstract classes that will lead to loosely coupled systems that are highly testable and easy to change. In IoC, a system’s flow of control is inverted compared to procedural programming. An example of this is an IoC container, whose purpose is to inject services into client code without having the client code specifying the concrete implementation. The control in this instance that is being inverted is the act of the client obtaining the service.

米勒特,C(2010)。专业的ASP。NET设计模式。威利出版社，7-8。