如果有人想同时使用线程从stdout和stderr读取，这是我想到的:

import threading
import subprocess
import Queue

class AsyncLineReader(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, fd, outputQueue):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)

        assert isinstance(outputQueue, Queue.Queue)
        assert callable(fd.readline)

        self.fd = fd
        self.outputQueue = outputQueue

    def run(self):
        map(self.outputQueue.put, iter(self.fd.readline, ''))

    def eof(self):
        return not self.is_alive() and self.outputQueue.empty()

    @classmethod
    def getForFd(cls, fd, start=True):
        queue = Queue.Queue()
        reader = cls(fd, queue)

        if start:
            reader.start()

        return reader, queue


process = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
(stdoutReader, stdoutQueue) = AsyncLineReader.getForFd(process.stdout)
(stderrReader, stderrQueue) = AsyncLineReader.getForFd(process.stderr)

# Keep checking queues until there is no more output.
while not stdoutReader.eof() or not stderrReader.eof():
   # Process all available lines from the stdout Queue.
   while not stdoutQueue.empty():
       line = stdoutQueue.get()
       print 'Received stdout: ' + repr(line)

       # Do stuff with stdout line.

   # Process all available lines from the stderr Queue.
   while not stderrQueue.empty():
       line = stderrQueue.get()
       print 'Received stderr: ' + repr(line)

       # Do stuff with stderr line.

   # Sleep for a short time to avoid excessive CPU use while waiting for data.
   sleep(0.05)

print "Waiting for async readers to finish..."
stdoutReader.join()
stderrReader.join()

# Close subprocess' file descriptors.
process.stdout.close()
process.stderr.close()

print "Waiting for process to exit..."
returnCode = process.wait()

if returnCode != 0:
   raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(returnCode, command)

我只是想分享这个，因为我在这个问题上试图做类似的事情，但没有一个答案能解决我的问题。希望它能帮助到某些人!

请注意，在我的用例中，外部进程杀死了Popen()所使用的进程。

可以在命令输出后立即使用iter对行进行处理。readline”、“)。下面是一个完整的例子，展示了一个典型的用例(感谢@jfs的帮助):

from __future__ import print_function # Only Python 2.x
import subprocess

def execute(cmd):
    popen = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
    for stdout_line in iter(popen.stdout.readline, ""):
        yield stdout_line 
    popen.stdout.close()
    return_code = popen.wait()
    if return_code:
        raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(return_code, cmd)

# Example
for path in execute(["locate", "a"]):
    print(path, end="")

好吧，我设法解决它没有线程(任何建议，为什么使用线程会更好，感谢)使用从这个问题的一个片段拦截一个子进程的标准输出，而它正在运行

def execute(command):
    process = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT)

    # Poll process for new output until finished
    while True:
        nextline = process.stdout.readline()
        if nextline == '' and process.poll() is not None:
            break
        sys.stdout.write(nextline)
        sys.stdout.flush()

    output = process.communicate()[0]
    exitCode = process.returncode

    if (exitCode == 0):
        return output
    else:
        raise ProcessException(command, exitCode, output)

在Python 3中，只要子进程的stdout缓冲区被刷新，就逐行打印子进程的输出:

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE, CalledProcessError

with Popen(cmd, stdout=PIPE, bufsize=1, universal_newlines=True) as p:
    for line in p.stdout:
        print(line, end='') # process line here

if p.returncode != 0:
    raise CalledProcessError(p.returncode, p.args)

注意:你不需要p.poll()——当到达eof时循环结束。你不需要iter(p.s dout。readline， ")——在Python 3中修复了预读错误。

另请参阅Python:从subprocess. communication()读取流输入。

要回答最初的问题，IMO的最佳方法是直接将子进程stdout重定向到程序的stdout(可选地，对于stderr也可以这样做，如下例所示)

p = Popen(cmd, stdout=sys.stdout, stderr=sys.stderr)
p.communicate()

如果有人想同时使用线程从stdout和stderr读取，这是我想到的:

import threading
import subprocess
import Queue

class AsyncLineReader(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, fd, outputQueue):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)

        assert isinstance(outputQueue, Queue.Queue)
        assert callable(fd.readline)

        self.fd = fd
        self.outputQueue = outputQueue

    def run(self):
        map(self.outputQueue.put, iter(self.fd.readline, ''))

    def eof(self):
        return not self.is_alive() and self.outputQueue.empty()

    @classmethod
    def getForFd(cls, fd, start=True):
        queue = Queue.Queue()
        reader = cls(fd, queue)

        if start:
            reader.start()

        return reader, queue


process = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
(stdoutReader, stdoutQueue) = AsyncLineReader.getForFd(process.stdout)
(stderrReader, stderrQueue) = AsyncLineReader.getForFd(process.stderr)

# Keep checking queues until there is no more output.
while not stdoutReader.eof() or not stderrReader.eof():
   # Process all available lines from the stdout Queue.
   while not stdoutQueue.empty():
       line = stdoutQueue.get()
       print 'Received stdout: ' + repr(line)

       # Do stuff with stdout line.

   # Process all available lines from the stderr Queue.
   while not stderrQueue.empty():
       line = stderrQueue.get()
       print 'Received stderr: ' + repr(line)

       # Do stuff with stderr line.

   # Sleep for a short time to avoid excessive CPU use while waiting for data.
   sleep(0.05)

print "Waiting for async readers to finish..."
stdoutReader.join()
stderrReader.join()

# Close subprocess' file descriptors.
process.stdout.close()
process.stderr.close()

print "Waiting for process to exit..."
returnCode = process.wait()

if returnCode != 0:
   raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(returnCode, command)

我只是想分享这个，因为我在这个问题上试图做类似的事情，但没有一个答案能解决我的问题。希望它能帮助到某些人!

请注意，在我的用例中，外部进程杀死了Popen()所使用的进程。