Well, PHP does have magic methods __get, __set, __isset & __unset, which is always a start. Alas proper (get it?) OO properties is more than magic methods. The main problem with PHP's implementation is that magic methods are called for all inaccessible properties. Which means you have to Repeat Yourself (eg. by calling property_exists()) in the magic methods when determining if name is actually a property of your object. And you can't really solve this general problem with a base class unless all your classes inherit from ie. ClassWithProperties, since PHP lacks multiple inheritance.

相比之下，Python的新样式类提供了property()，它允许显式地定义所有属性。c#有特殊的语法。

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Property_(编程)

为什么使用getter和setter ?

可伸缩性:重构getter比在项目代码中搜索所有的var赋值更容易。 调试:可以在setter和getter中设置断点。 更简洁:神奇的函数不是很好的解决方案，你的IDE不会建议代码。最好使用模板来快速编写getter。

There are many ways to create sourcecode in a netbeans-convention. This is nice. It makes thinks such easyer === FALSE. Just use the traditionel, specially if you are not sure which one of the properties should be encapsuled and which one not. I know, it is a boi.... pla... code, but for debugging-works and many other thinks it is the better, clear way. Dont spend to much time with thousend of arts how to make simple getters and setters. You cannot implement too some design patterns like the demeter-rule and so on, if you use magics. In specific situation you can use magic_calls or for small, fast and clear solutions. Sure you could make solutions for design-patters in this way too, but why to make you live more difficult.

谷歌已经发布了一个关于PHP优化的指南，结论是:

没有getter和setter优化PHP

不，你不能使用魔法方法。对于PHP来说，魔法方法是邪恶的。为什么?

它们很难调试。 会对性能产生负面影响。 它们需要编写更多的代码。

PHP不是Java、c++或c#。PHP是不同的，它遵循不同的规则。

你可以使用php神奇的方法__get和__set。

<?php
class MyClass {
  private $firstField;
  private $secondField;

  public function __get($property) {
    if (property_exists($this, $property)) {
      return $this->$property;
    }
  }

  public function __set($property, $value) {
    if (property_exists($this, $property)) {
      $this->$property = $value;
    }

    return $this;
  }
}
?>

class MyClass {
    private $firstField;
    private $secondField;
    private $thirdField;

    public function __get( $name ) {
        if( method_exists( $this , $method = ( 'get' . ucfirst( $name  ) ) ) )
            return $this->$method();
        else
            throw new Exception( 'Can\'t get property ' . $name );
    }

    public function __set( $name , $value ) {
        if( method_exists( $this , $method = ( 'set' . ucfirst( $name  ) ) ) )
            return $this->$method( $value );
        else
            throw new Exception( 'Can\'t set property ' . $name );
    }

    public function __isset( $name )
    {
        return method_exists( $this , 'get' . ucfirst( $name  ) ) 
            || method_exists( $this , 'set' . ucfirst( $name  ) );
    }

    public function getFirstField() {
        return $this->firstField;
    }

    protected function setFirstField($x) {
        $this->firstField = $x;
    }

    private function getSecondField() {
        return $this->secondField;
    }
}

$obj = new MyClass();

echo $obj->firstField; // works
$obj->firstField = 'value'; // works

echo $obj->getFirstField(); // works
$obj->setFirstField( 'value' ); // not works, method is protected

echo $obj->secondField; // works
echo $obj->getSecondField(); // not works, method is private

$obj->secondField = 'value'; // not works, setter not exists

echo $obj->thirdField; // not works, property not exists

isset( $obj->firstField ); // returns true
isset( $obj->secondField ); // returns true
isset( $obj->thirdField ); // returns false

准备好了!