由于在Combine中没有如何做到这一点的答案，这里是我使用的方法。

我们创建一个发布者来监听通知，显示和隐藏。 为了显示，我们从通知userInfo中获取键盘帧，并检查当前活动响应器是否包含在其中。如果被覆盖，返回键盘帧高度。如果它没有被覆盖，返回0，我们不想移动帧。对于隐藏通知，我们简单地返回0。

private var keyboardHeightPublisher: AnyPublisher<CGFloat, Never> {
    Publishers.Merge(
        NotificationCenter.default
            .publisher(for: UIResponder.keyboardWillShowNotification)
            .compactMap { $0.userInfo?[UIResponder.keyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] as? CGRect }
            .map { $0.intersects(self.view.firstResponder!.frame) ? $0.height : 0 }
            .map { $0 * -1 },
        NotificationCenter.default
            .publisher(for: UIResponder.keyboardWillHideNotification)
            .map { _ in CGFloat(0) }
    ).eraseToAnyPublisher()
}

在viewDidLoad中，我们只需订阅发布者，相应地改变视图框架。

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    keyboardHeightPublisher.sink{ [weak self] height in
        self?.view.frame.origin.y = height
    }.store(in: &cancelables)
}

编辑 小心!如果firstResponder在子视图中，你必须计算与整个屏幕相对应的帧，以检查它们是否相交。 例子:

let myViewGlobalFrame = myView.convert(myView.frame, to: parentView)

func keyboardWillHide(notification: NSNotification) {
    if let keyboardSize = (notification.userInfo?[UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.cgRectValue {
        if self.view.frame.origin.y != 0{
           // self.view.frame.origin.y += keyboardSize.height
            self.view.frame.origin.y = 0
        }
    }
}

 override func viewWillAppear(animated: Bool)
 {
 super.viewWillAppear(animated)

 NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: "keyboardWillShow:", name: UIKeyboardWillShowNotification, object: nil)
 NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: "keyboardWillHide:", name: UIKeyboardWillHideNotification, object: nil)

 }

 // MARK: - keyboard
 func keyboardWillShow(notification: NSNotification) 
{

if let userInfo = notification.userInfo {
if let keyboardSize = (userInfo[UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.CGRectValue() {
let contentInsets = self.tblView.contentInset as UIEdgeInsets
self.tblView.contentInset = UIEdgeInsets(top: contentInsets.top, left: contentInsets.left, bottom: keyboardSize.height, right:contentInsets.right)
                    // ...
                } else {
                    // no UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey entry in userInfo
                }
            } else {
                // no userInfo dictionary in notification
            }
        }

func keyboardWillHide(notification: NSNotification) 
{
let contentInsets = self.tblView.contentInset as UIEdgeInsets
self.tblView.contentInset = UIEdgeInsets(top: contentInsets.top, left: contentInsets.left, bottom: 0, right:contentInsets.right)
 }

@Boris的解决方案非常好，但观点有时会被破坏。

为了实现完美的对齐，请使用下面的代码

override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()            
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(ViewController.keyboardWillShow), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardWillShow, object: nil)
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(ViewController.keyboardWillHide), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardWillHide, object: nil)}

功能:

@objc func keyboardWillShow(notification: NSNotification) {        
if let keyboardSize = (notification.userInfo?[UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.cgRectValue {
    if self.view.frame.origin.y == 0{
        self.view.frame.origin.y -= keyboardSize.height
    }
}}    

And,

@objc func keyboardWillHide(notification: NSNotification) {
if let keyboardSize = (notification.userInfo?[UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.cgRectValue {
    if self.view.frame.origin.y != 0{
        self.view.frame.origin.y = 0 
    }
} }

当打开键盘时，它100%完美地回答了所有人的更新表视图高度

对于Swift4.2

   override func viewDidLoad() {
      super.viewDidLoad()
      NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(RecipeVC.keyboardWillShow), name: UIResponder.keyboardWillShowNotification, object: nil)

      NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(RecipeVC.keyboardWillHide), name: UIResponder.keyboardWillHideNotification, object: nil)
   }

   @objc func keyboardWillShow(notification: NSNotification) {
    if ((notification.userInfo?[UIResponder.keyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.cgRectValue) != nil {

        var userInfo = notification.userInfo!
        var keyboardFrame:CGRect = (userInfo[UIResponder.keyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] as! NSValue).cgRectValue
        keyboardFrame = self.view.convert(keyboardFrame, from: nil)

        var contentInset:UIEdgeInsets = self.tbl.contentInset
          contentInset.bottom = keyboardFrame.size.height
          self.tbl.contentInset = contentInset
    }
}

   @objc func keyboardWillHide(notification: NSNotification) {
    if ((notification.userInfo?[UIResponder.keyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.cgRectValue) != nil {
        let contentInset:UIEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsets(top: 0, left: 0, bottom: 0, right: 0)
        self.tbl.contentInset = contentInset
    }
}

Swift3.2

    override func viewDidLoad() {
          super.viewDidLoad()

           NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(RecipeVC.keyboardWillShow), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardWillShow, object: nil)

           NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(RecipeVC.keyboardWillHide), name: NSNotification.Name.UIKeyboardWillHide, object: nil)
    }
    func keyboardWillShow(notification: NSNotification) {
         if ((notification.userInfo?[UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.cgRectValue) != nil {
         //self.view.frame.origin.y -= keyboardSize.height
         var userInfo = notification.userInfo!
         var keyboardFrame:CGRect = (userInfo[UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] as! NSValue).cgRectValue
          keyboardFrame = self.view.convert(keyboardFrame, from: nil)

          var contentInset:UIEdgeInsets = self.tbl.contentInset
          contentInset.bottom = keyboardFrame.size.height
          self.tbl.contentInset = contentInset

       }
    }

    func keyboardWillHide(notification: NSNotification) {
         if ((notification.userInfo?[UIKeyboardFrameEndUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.cgRectValue) != nil {
         let contentInset:UIEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsets(top: 0, left: 0, bottom: 0, right: 0)
         self.tbl.contentInset = contentInset
         }
    }

Swift 3更新…

正如其他人所说，你需要在控制器的viewDidLoad()方法中添加通知观察者，如下所示:

NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(forName: .UIKeyboardWillShow, object: nil, queue: nil)
    { notification in
    self.keyboardWillShow(notification)
    }

NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(forName: .UIKeyboardWillHide, object: nil, queue: nil)
    { notification in
    self.keyboardWillHide(notification)
    }

NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(forName: .UIKeyboardDidShow, object: nil, queue: nil)
    { _ in
    self.enableUserInteraction()
    }

NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(forName: .UIKeyboardDidHide, object: nil, queue: nil)
    { _ in
    self.enableUserInteraction()
    }

记得在适当的地方删除你的观察器(我在viewWillDisappear()方法中这样做)

NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self, name: .UIKeyboardWillShow, object: nil)
NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self, name: .UIKeyboardWillHide, object: nil)
NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self, name: .UIKeyboardDidShow, object: nil)
NotificationCenter.default.removeObserver(self, name: .UIKeyboardDidHide, object: nil)

然后，实现你的show和hide方法——注意告诉应用程序忽略交互事件的行(beginIgnoringInteractionEvents)。这很重要，因为如果没有它，用户可能会点击一个字段甚至滚动视图，导致第二次发生移位，从而导致可怕的UI故障。在键盘显示和隐藏之前忽略交互事件将防止这种情况:

func keyboardWillShow(notification: Notification)
    {
    if let keyboardSize = (notification.userInfo?[UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.cgRectValue
        {
        UIApplication.shared.beginIgnoringInteractionEvents()
        self.view.frame.origin.y -= keyboardSize.height
        // add this line if you are shifting a scrollView, as in a chat application
        self.timelineCollectionView.contentInset.top += keyboardSize.height
        }
    }

func keyboardWillHide(notification: Notification)
    {
    if let keyboardSize = (notification.userInfo?[UIKeyboardFrameBeginUserInfoKey] as? NSValue)?.cgRectValue
        {
        UIApplication.shared.beginIgnoringInteractionEvents()
        self.view.frame.origin.y += keyboardSize.height
        // add this line if you are shifting a scrollView, as in a chat application
        self.timelineCollectionView.contentInset.top -= keyboardSize.height
        }
    }

最后，重新启用用户交互(记住，这个方法在键盘didShow或didHide之后触发):

func enableUserInteraction()
    {
    UIApplication.shared.endIgnoringInteractionEvents()
    }