要保留要归档的父目录下的文件夹层次结构，请执行以下操作：

import glob
import os
import zipfile

with zipfile.ZipFile(fp_zip, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zipf:
    for fp in glob(os.path.join(parent, "**/*")):
        base = os.path.commonpath([parent, fp])
        zipf.write(fp, arcname=fp.replace(base, ""))

如果需要，可以将其更改为使用pathlib进行文件globbing。

要提供更大的灵活性，例如按名称选择目录/文件，请使用：

import os
import zipfile

def zipall(ob, path, rel=""):
    basename = os.path.basename(path)
    if os.path.isdir(path):
        if rel == "":
            rel = basename
        ob.write(path, os.path.join(rel))
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
            for d in dirs:
                zipall(ob, os.path.join(root, d), os.path.join(rel, d))
            for f in files:
                ob.write(os.path.join(root, f), os.path.join(rel, f))
            break
    elif os.path.isfile(path):
        ob.write(path, os.path.join(rel, basename))
    else:
        pass

对于文件树：

.
├── dir
│   ├── dir2
│   │   └── file2.txt
│   ├── dir3
│   │   └── file3.txt
│   └── file.txt
├── dir4
│   ├── dir5
│   └── file4.txt
├── listdir.zip
├── main.py
├── root.txt
└── selective.zip

例如，您可以只选择dir4和root.txt：

cwd = os.getcwd()
files = [os.path.join(cwd, f) for f in ['dir4', 'root.txt']]

with zipfile.ZipFile("selective.zip", "w" ) as myzip:
    for f in files:
        zipall(myzip, f)

或者只需在脚本调用目录中列出目录，然后从中添加所有内容：

with zipfile.ZipFile("listdir.zip", "w" ) as myzip:
    for f in os.listdir():
        if f == "listdir.zip":
            # Creating a listdir.zip in the same directory
            # will include listdir.zip inside itself, beware of this
            continue
        zipall(myzip, f)

函数创建zip文件。

def CREATEZIPFILE(zipname, path):
    #function to create a zip file
    #Parameters: zipname - name of the zip file; path - name of folder/file to be put in zip file

    zipf = zipfile.ZipFile(zipname, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
    zipf.setpassword(b"password") #if you want to set password to zipfile

    #checks if the path is file or directory
    if os.path.isdir(path):
        for files in os.listdir(path):
            zipf.write(os.path.join(path, files), files)

    elif os.path.isfile(path):
        zipf.write(os.path.join(path), path)
    zipf.close()

此函数将递归地压缩目录树，压缩文件，并在存档中记录正确的相对文件名。存档条目与zip-r output.zip source_dir生成的条目相同。

import os
import zipfile
def make_zipfile(output_filename, source_dir):
    relroot = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(source_dir, os.pardir))
    with zipfile.ZipFile(output_filename, "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zip:
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(source_dir):
            # add directory (needed for empty dirs)
            zip.write(root, os.path.relpath(root, relroot))
            for file in files:
                filename = os.path.join(root, file)
                if os.path.isfile(filename): # regular files only
                    arcname = os.path.join(os.path.relpath(root, relroot), file)
                    zip.write(filename, arcname)

要将mydirectory的内容添加到新的zip文件中，包括所有文件和子目录：

import os
import zipfile

zf = zipfile.ZipFile("myzipfile.zip", "w")
for dirname, subdirs, files in os.walk("mydirectory"):
    zf.write(dirname)
    for filename in files:
        zf.write(os.path.join(dirname, filename))
zf.close()

正如其他人所指出的，您应该使用zipfile。文档告诉哪些函数可用，但并没有真正解释如何使用它们压缩整个目录。我认为用一些示例代码来解释是最简单的：

import os
import zipfile
    
def zipdir(path, ziph):
    # ziph is zipfile handle
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
        for file in files:
            ziph.write(os.path.join(root, file), 
                       os.path.relpath(os.path.join(root, file), 
                                       os.path.join(path, '..')))

with zipfile.ZipFile('Python.zip', 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zipf:
    zipdir('tmp/', zipf)