错误EXC_BAD_INSTRUCTION和致命错误:在隐式地展开Optional值时意外地发现nil，在声明@IBOutlet但没有连接到故事板时出现的最多。

你还应该了解其他答案中提到的可选选项是如何工作的，但这是唯一一次出现在我身上。

因为上面的答案清楚地解释了如何安全地玩可选项目。 我将试着解释什么是可选的真正在迅速。

声明可选变量的另一种方法是

在 ： 可选<Int>

和可选类型只是一个枚举与两种情况，即

 enum Optional<Wrapped> : ExpressibleByNilLiteral {
    case none 
    case some(Wrapped)
    .
    .
    .
}

将nil赋值给变量i。我们可以 var i =可选<Int>.无 或者为了赋值，我们会传递一些值 var i =可选<Int>.some(28)

根据swift， 'nil'是没有值。 为了创建一个用nil初始化的实例，我们必须遵守一个叫做expressiblebynillliteral的协议，如果你猜到了，很好，只有optional符合expressiblebynillliteral，不鼓励符合其他类型。

expressiblebynilleral有一个叫做init(nilleral:)的方法，它用nil初始化实例。你通常不会调用这个方法，根据swift文档，不建议直接调用这个初始化式，因为每当你初始化一个可选类型时，编译器都会调用它，用nil文字。

就连我自己也不得不(没有双关语的意思)把我的脑袋绕在可选科目上:D 快快乐乐。

错误EXC_BAD_INSTRUCTION和致命错误:在隐式地展开Optional值时意外地发现nil，在声明@IBOutlet但没有连接到故事板时出现的最多。

你还应该了解其他答案中提到的可选选项是如何工作的，但这是唯一一次出现在我身上。

如果在CollectionView中出现此错误，请尝试创建CustomCell文件和Custom xib。

在mainVC的ViewDidLoad()中添加此代码。

    let nib = UINib(nibName: "CustomnibName", bundle: nil)
    self.collectionView.register(nib, forCellWithReuseIdentifier: "cell")

This is because you are trying to use a value which can possible be nil, but you decided you don't want to have to check it, but instead assume its set when you uses it and define it as !, there are different philosophies on use of variable set as force unwrap, some people are against there use at all, I personal think they are ok for things that will crash all the time and are simple to reason about, usually references to resource, like outlets to xib files, or uses of images with you app that are part of your assets, if these are not set up properly, you app is going to crash straight away, for a very obvious reason, you can get into difficult when the order of objects being created can be uncertain, and trying to reason solutions to this can be difficult, it usually means a bad design as even it you make them optional, calls to you optional variable may not ever be executed, some projects can demand use of force unwraps for security reasons, things like banking apps, because they want the app to crash rather then continue to work in an unplanned way.

Xcode 12 iOS 14 Swift 5

我的问题是导航类型，因为我直接调用vie控制器，而没有实例化故事板，这意味着数据还没有从故事板设置。

当你导航时，用

let homeViewController = UIStoryboard(name: "Main", bundle: nil).instantiateViewController(withIdentifier: "home") as? HomeEventsViewController
    homeViewController?.modalTransitionStyle = .crossDissolve
    homeViewController?.modalPresentationStyle = .fullScreen
    view.present(homeViewController ?? UIViewController(), animated: true, completion: nil)

希望它能起作用:-)