用于npm的包。我发现了两种方法(在阅读这段对话后):

  "devDependencies": {
    "del-comment": [
      "some-text"
    ],
    "del": "^5.1.0 ! inner comment",
    "envify-comment": [
      "some-text"
    ],
    "envify": "4.1.0 ! inner comment"
  }

但是在更新或重新安装带有“——save”或“——save-dev”的包时，会出现“^4.1.0 !”注释”中相应的地方将被删除。所有这些都将打破npm审计。

最近在Node.js邮件列表中讨论了这个问题。

根据创建npm的Isaac Schlueter的说法:

．.． "//"键永远不会被NPM用于任何目的，它是为注释保留的…如果想使用多行注释，可以使用数组或多个“//”键。

当使用你常用的工具(npm, yarn等)时，多个“//”键将被移除。这生存:

{ "//": [
  "first line",
  "second line" ] }

这将不复存在:

{ "//": "this is the first line of a comment",
  "//": "this is the second line of the comment" }

必须注意，"//"只能在包的根目录下使用。json对象。例如 ｛ “/ /”:“评论!” “依赖”:{…} ｝ 是有效的但是 ｛ “依赖”:{ “/ /”:“评论?” ｝ ｝ 是无效的。 ——@david_p评论

另一个黑客

我创建了一个脚本来读取文件包。Json作为句柄模板的上下文。

代码如下，以防有人发现这种方法有用:

const templateData = require('../package.json');
const Handlebars = require('handlebars');
const fs = require('fs-extra');
const outputPath = __dirname + '/../package-json-comments.md';
const srcTemplatePath = __dirname + '/package-json-comments/package-json-comments.hbs';

Handlebars.registerHelper('objlist', function() {
  // The first argument is an object, and the list is a set of keys for that obj
  const obj = arguments[0];
  const list = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1).slice(0,-1);

  const mdList = list.map(function(k) {
    return '* ' + k + ': ' + obj[k];
  });

  return new Handlebars.SafeString(mdList.join("\n"));
});

fs.readFile(srcTemplatePath, 'utf8', function(err, srcTemplate){
  if (err) throw err;
  const template = Handlebars.compile(srcTemplate);
  const content = template(templateData);

  fs.writeFile(outputPath, content, function(err) {
    if (err) throw err;
  });
});

句柄模板文件package-json-comments.hbs

### Dependency Comments
For package: {{ name }}: {{version}}

#### Current Core Packages
should be safe to update
{{{objlist dependencies
           "@material-ui/core"
           "@material-ui/icons"
           "@material-ui/styles"
}}}

#### Lagging Core Packages
breaks current code if updated
{{{objlist dependencies
           "amazon-cognito-identity-js"
}}}

#### Major version change
Not tested yet
{{{objlist dependencies
           "react-dev-utils"
           "react-redux"
           "react-router"
           "redux-localstorage-simple"

}}}

因为大多数开发人员都熟悉基于标记/注释的文档，所以我开始使用的约定是类似的。来尝尝:

{
  "@comment dependencies": [
    "These are the comments for the `dependencies` section.",
    "The name of the section being commented is included in the key after the `@comment` 'annotation'/'tag' to ensure the keys are unique.",
    "That is, using just \"@comment\" would not be sufficient to keep keys unique if you need to add another comment at the same level.",
    "Because JSON doesn't allow a multi-line string or understand a line continuation operator/character, just use an array for each line of the comment.",
    "Since this is embedded in JSON, the keys should be unique.",
    "Otherwise JSON validators, such as ones built into IDEs, will complain.",
    "Or some tools, such as running `npm install something --save`, will rewrite the `package.json` file but with duplicate keys removed.",
    "",
    "@package react - Using an `@package` 'annotation` could be how you add comments specific to particular packages."
  ],
  "dependencies": {
    ...
  },
  "@comment scripts": {
    "build": "This comment is about the build script.",
    "start": [
      "This comment is about the `start` script.",
      "It is wrapped in an array to allow line formatting.",
      "When using npm, as opposed to yarn, to run the script, be sure to add ` -- ` before adding the options.",
      "",
      "@option {number} --port - The port the server should listen on."
    ],
    "test": "This comment is about the test script.",
  },
  "scripts": {
    "build": "...",
    "start": "...",
    "test": "..."
  }
}

注意:对于dependencies、devDependencies等部分，注释注释不能直接添加到配置对象中各个包依赖项的上面，因为npm期望键是npm包的名称。这就是@comment依赖的原因。

我喜欢在JSON中添加注释的注释/标记样式，因为@符号与普通声明不同。

年长的建议

以下是我之前的建议。它内联注释的脚本，但我已经意识到，这些注释显示为“命令”在一些工具(在VS Code > Explorer > NPM脚本部分)。最新的建议没有受到这个问题的影响，但是脚本注释不再位于同一位置。

{
  "@comment dependencies": [
    ...
  ],
  "dependencies": {
    ...
  },
  "scripts": {
    "@comment build": "This comment is about the build script.",
    "build": "...",

    "@comment start": [
      "This comment is about the `start` script.",
      "It is wrapped in an array to allow line formatting.",
      "When using npm, as opposed to yarn, to run the script, be sure to add ` -- ` before adding the options.",
      "",
      "@option {number} --port - The port the server should listen on."
    ],
    "start": "...",

    "@comment test": "This comment is about the test script.",
    "test": "..."
  }
}

注意:在某些情况下，例如在“scripts”对象中，一些编辑器/ ide可能会抱怨数组。在脚本上下文中，VS Code期望值为字符串——而不是数组。

我做了一些你们可能会喜欢的事情:

这个//在名字里面意味着它是我的注释:

  "//":"Main and typings are used till ES5",
  "//main": "build/index",
  "//typings": "build/index",

到目前为止，这里的大多数“黑客”都建议滥用JSON。但是，为什么不滥用底层脚本语言呢?

最初的反应是把描述放在右边，使用# add comments here来包装它;然而，这在Windows上不起作用，因为标志(例如，npm run myframework -- --myframework-flags)将被忽略。我改变了我的响应，使其适用于所有平台，并增加了一些缩进的可读性。

{
 "scripts": {
    "help": "       echo 'Display help information (this screen)';          npm run",
    "myframework": "echo 'Run myframework binary';                          myframework",
    "develop": "    echo 'Run in development mode (with terminal output)';  npm run myframework"
    "start": "      echo 'Start myFramework as a daemon';                   myframework start",
    "stop":  "      echo 'Stop the myFramework daemon';                     myframework stop"
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
  }
}

这将:

Not break JSON compliance (or at least it's not a hack, and your IDE will not give you warnings for doing strange, dangerous stuff) Works cross platform (tested on macOS and Windows, assuming it would work just fine on Linux) Does not get in the way of running npm run myframework -- --help Will output meaningful info when running npm run (which is the actual command to run to get information about available scripts) Presents a more explicit help command (in case some developers are not aware that npm run presents such output) Will show both the commands and its description when running the command itself Is somewhat readable when just opening package.json (using less or your favorite IDE)