我有一个简单的包裹。json文件,我想添加一个评论。有办法做到这一点吗,或者有什么hack可以做到这一点吗?

{
  "name": "My Project",
  "version": "0.0.1",
  "private": true,
  "dependencies": {
    "express": "3.x",
    "mongoose": "3.x"
  },
  "devDependencies" :  {
    "should": "*"
    /* "mocha": "*" not needed as should be globally installed */
  }
}

上面的示例注释在npm崩溃时不起作用。我还尝试了// style注释。


当前回答

正如这个答案所解释的,//键是保留的,所以它可以常规地用于注释。//注释的问题是它不实用,因为它不能被多次使用。在包上删除重复的密钥。Json自动更新:

"//": "this comment about dependencies stays",
"dependencies": {}
"//": "this comment disappears",
"devDependencies": {}

另一个问题是// comment不能在依赖项和devDependencies中使用,因为它被视为常规依赖项:

"dependencies": {
  "//": "comment"
}

npm犯错!代码EINVALIDPACKAGENAME npm犯错!无效的包名“//”:名称只能包含url友好 字符

在NPM中工作的一个变通方法,而不是Yarn,是使用一个非字符串值:

"dependencies": {
  "foo": ["unused package"],
}

一个在NPM和Yarn中工作的变通方法是添加一个注释作为语义版本控制的一部分:

"dependencies": {
  "bar": "^2",
  "foo": "^2 || should be removed in 1.x release"
}

注意,如果OR之前的第一部分不匹配,则可以解析来自注释的版本,例如1.x。

需要注释但没有安装的包应该移动到另一个键,例如dependencies //:

"dependencies //": {
  "baz": "unused package",
}

其他回答

另一个黑客

我创建了一个脚本来读取文件包。Json作为句柄模板的上下文。

代码如下,以防有人发现这种方法有用:

const templateData = require('../package.json');
const Handlebars = require('handlebars');
const fs = require('fs-extra');
const outputPath = __dirname + '/../package-json-comments.md';
const srcTemplatePath = __dirname + '/package-json-comments/package-json-comments.hbs';

Handlebars.registerHelper('objlist', function() {
  // The first argument is an object, and the list is a set of keys for that obj
  const obj = arguments[0];
  const list = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1).slice(0,-1);

  const mdList = list.map(function(k) {
    return '* ' + k + ': ' + obj[k];
  });

  return new Handlebars.SafeString(mdList.join("\n"));
});

fs.readFile(srcTemplatePath, 'utf8', function(err, srcTemplate){
  if (err) throw err;
  const template = Handlebars.compile(srcTemplate);
  const content = template(templateData);

  fs.writeFile(outputPath, content, function(err) {
    if (err) throw err;
  });
});

句柄模板文件package-json-comments.hbs

### Dependency Comments
For package: {{ name }}: {{version}}

#### Current Core Packages
should be safe to update
{{{objlist dependencies
           "@material-ui/core"
           "@material-ui/icons"
           "@material-ui/styles"
}}}

#### Lagging Core Packages
breaks current code if updated
{{{objlist dependencies
           "amazon-cognito-identity-js"
}}}

#### Major version change
Not tested yet
{{{objlist dependencies
           "react-dev-utils"
           "react-redux"
           "react-router"
           "redux-localstorage-simple"

}}}

由于重复的注释键被删除运行包。json工具(npm, yarn等),我开始使用散列版本,允许更好地阅读多行和键,如:

"//": {
  "alpaca": "we use the bootstrap version",
  "eonasdan-bootstrap-datetimepicker": "instead of bootstrap-datetimepicker",
  "moment-with-locales": "is part of moment"
},

根据我的IDE作为根键,这是“有效的”,但在依赖关系中,它抱怨期望字符串值。

免责声明:你可能不应该使用这个黑客。请看下面的评论。


下面是另一个在JSON中添加注释的技巧。自:

{"a": 1, "a": 2}

等于

{"a": 2}

你可以这样做:

{
  "devDependencies": "'mocha' not needed as should be globally installed",
  "devDependencies" :  {
    "should": "*"
  }
}

最近在Node.js邮件列表中讨论了这个问题。

根据创建npm的Isaac Schlueter的说法:

... "//"键永远不会被NPM用于任何目的,它是为注释保留的…如果想使用多行注释,可以使用数组或多个“//”键。

当使用你常用的工具(npm, yarn等)时,多个“//”键将被移除。这生存:

{ "//": [
  "first line",
  "second line" ] }

这将不复存在:

{ "//": "this is the first line of a comment",
  "//": "this is the second line of the comment" }

必须注意,"//"只能在包的根目录下使用。json对象。例如 { “/ /”:“评论!” “依赖”:{…} } 是有效的但是 { “依赖”:{ “/ /”:“评论?” } } 是无效的。 ——@david_p评论

我一直在这样做:

{
  ...
  "scripts": {
    "about": "echo 'Say something about this project'",
    "about:clean": "echo 'Say something about the clean script'",
    "clean": "do something",
    "about:build": "echo 'Say something about building it'",
    "build": "do something",
    "about:watch": "echo 'Say something about how watch works'",
    "watch": "do something",
  }
  ...
}

这样,我既可以读取脚本本身的“伪注释”,也可以运行如下代码,在终端中查看某种帮助:

npm run about
npm run about:watch

如果你用的是纱线就更好了。

yarn about:clean

此外,正如@Dakota Jang在评论中指出的那样,你可以使用//之类的键来更清楚地表明这是一条评论。 像这样:

{
  ...
  "scripts": {
    "//clean": "echo 'Say something about the clean script'",
    "clean": "do something",
    "//build": "echo 'Say something about building it'",
    "build": "do something",
    "//watch": "echo 'Say something about how watch works'",
    "watch": "do something",
  }
  ...
}

然后运行:

npm run //build
# or
yarn //build

在终端中会有一个helper输出,在包中会有一个“comment”。Json也是。