是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
当前回答
Samuel:“对于我的代码,我也需要删除副本,但我想这并不总是可取的。 我想主要的缺点是它可能会比较许多已经被拒绝的选择。”
当比较TWO列表、数组等,且元素小于1000时,行业标准中的 3GL世界是使用冒泡排序,以避免欺骗。
代码看起来像这样……(未经测试,但应该有效)
var Array01=new Array('A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P');
var Array02=new Array('X','B','F','W','Z','X','J','P','P','O','E','N','Q');
var Array03=Array01;
for(x=1; x<Array02.length; x++) {
for(y=0; y<Array01.length-1; y++) {
if (Array01[y]==Array02[x]) {Array03.splice(y,1);}}}
Array01=Array03;
要测试输出…
for(y=0; y<Array01.length; y++) {document.write(Array01[y])}
其他回答
为了获得对称差异,您需要以两种方式比较数组(或在多个数组的情况下以所有方式比较)
ES7 (ECMAScript 2016)
// diff between just two arrays:
function arrayDiff(a, b) {
return [
...a.filter(x => !b.includes(x)),
...b.filter(x => !a.includes(x))
];
}
// diff between multiple arrays:
function arrayDiff(...arrays) {
return [].concat(...arrays.map( (arr, i) => {
const others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
const unique = [...new Set([].concat(...others))];
return arr.filter(x => !unique.includes(x));
}));
}
ES6(2015年ECMAScript)
// diff between just two arrays:
function arrayDiff(a, b) {
return [
...a.filter(x => b.indexOf(x) === -1),
...b.filter(x => a.indexOf(x) === -1)
];
}
// diff between multiple arrays:
function arrayDiff(...arrays) {
return [].concat(...arrays.map( (arr, i) => {
const others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
const unique = [...new Set([].concat(...others))];
return arr.filter(x => unique.indexOf(x) === -1);
}));
}
ES5 (ECMAScript 5.1)
// diff between just two arrays:
function arrayDiff(a, b) {
var arrays = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
var diff = [];
arrays.forEach(function(arr, i) {
var other = i === 1 ? a : b;
arr.forEach(function(x) {
if (other.indexOf(x) === -1) {
diff.push(x);
}
});
})
return diff;
}
// diff between multiple arrays:
function arrayDiff() {
var arrays = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
var diff = [];
arrays.forEach(function(arr, i) {
var others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
var otherValues = Array.prototype.concat.apply([], others);
var unique = otherValues.filter(function (x, j) {
return otherValues.indexOf(x) === j;
});
diff = diff.concat(arr.filter(x => unique.indexOf(x) === -1));
});
return diff;
}
例子:
// diff between two arrays:
const a = ['a', 'd', 'e'];
const b = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
arrayDiff(a, b); // (3) ["e", "b", "c"]
// diff between multiple arrays
const a = ['b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'g'];
const b = ['a', 'b'];
const c = ['a', 'e', 'f'];
arrayDiff(a, b, c); // (4) ["c", "d", "g", "f"]
对象数组之间的差异
function arrayDiffByKey(key, ...arrays) {
return [].concat(...arrays.map( (arr, i) => {
const others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
const unique = [...new Set([].concat(...others))];
return arr.filter( x =>
!unique.some(y => x[key] === y[key])
);
}));
}
例子:
const a = [{k:1}, {k:2}, {k:3}];
const b = [{k:1}, {k:4}, {k:5}, {k:6}];
const c = [{k:3}, {k:5}, {k:7}];
arrayDiffByKey('k', a, b, c); // (4) [{k:2}, {k:4}, {k:6}, {k:7}]
我就遇到了这个问题,就是求两个简单数组的差值
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
我不明白为什么不使用基本的for循环:
for(var i=0; i < a1.length; i++) {
for(var j=0; j < a2.length; j++) {
if(a1[i] == a2[j]) {
a2.splice(j, 1);
}
}
}
这将返回所需的["c", "d"]
[编辑]提议正上方,看到晚了。
不管怎样,有什么好的理由来避免这个简单的解决方案吗?
你可以使用underscore.js: http://underscorejs.org/#intersection
你需要数组的方法:
_.difference([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [5, 2, 10]);
=> [1, 3, 4]
_.intersection([1, 2, 3], [101, 2, 1, 10], [2, 1]);
=> [1, 2]
使用indexOf()的解决方案对于小型数组是可以的,但是随着长度的增长,算法的性能将接近O(n^2)。这里有一个解决方案,将执行非常大的数组使用对象作为关联数组存储数组项作为键;它还自动消除重复项,但只适用于字符串值(或可以安全地存储为字符串的值):
function arrayDiff(a1, a2) {
var o1={}, o2={}, diff=[], i, len, k;
for (i=0, len=a1.length; i<len; i++) { o1[a1[i]] = true; }
for (i=0, len=a2.length; i<len; i++) { o2[a2[i]] = true; }
for (k in o1) { if (!(k in o2)) { diff.push(k); } }
for (k in o2) { if (!(k in o1)) { diff.push(k); } }
return diff;
}
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
arrayDiff(a1, a2); // => ['c', 'd']
arrayDiff(a2, a1); // => ['c', 'd']
只是想…为了一个挑战;-)这个工作…(对于字符串,数字等的基本数组)没有嵌套数组
function diffArrays(arr1, arr2, returnUnion){
var ret = [];
var test = {};
var bigArray, smallArray, key;
if(arr1.length >= arr2.length){
bigArray = arr1;
smallArray = arr2;
} else {
bigArray = arr2;
smallArray = arr1;
}
for(var i=0;i<bigArray.length;i++){
key = bigArray[i];
test[key] = true;
}
if(!returnUnion){
//diffing
for(var i=0;i<smallArray.length;i++){
key = smallArray[i];
if(!test[key]){
test[key] = null;
}
}
} else {
//union
for(var i=0;i<smallArray.length;i++){
key = smallArray[i];
if(!test[key]){
test[key] = true;
}
}
}
for(var i in test){
ret.push(i);
}
return ret;
}
array1 = "test1", "test2","test3", "test4", "test7"
array2 = "test1", "test2","test3","test4", "test5", "test6"
diffArray = diffArrays(array1, array2);
//returns ["test5","test6","test7"]
diffArray = diffArrays(array1, array2, true);
//returns ["test1", "test2","test3","test4", "test5", "test6","test7"]
注意排序可能不会像上面提到的那样…但是如果需要的话,可以在数组上调用.sort()对其进行排序。