是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
当前回答
在这种情况下,您可以使用Set。它针对这种操作(并、交、差)进行了优化。
确保它适用于你的案例,一旦它不允许重复。
var a = new JS.Set([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]);
var b = new JS.Set([2,4,6,8]);
a.difference(b)
// -> Set{1,3,5,7,9}
其他回答
修正了一下最佳答案
function arr_diff(a1, a2)
{
var a=[], diff=[];
for(var i=0;i<a1.length;i++)
a[a1[i]]=a1[i];
for(var i=0;i<a2.length;i++)
if(a[a2[i]]) delete a[a2[i]];
else a[a2[i]]=a2[i];
for(var k in a)
diff.push(a[k]);
return diff;
}
这将考虑当前的元素类型。B /c当我们创建一个[a1[i]]时,它将一个值从原始值转换为字符串,因此我们失去了实际值。
ES2015的函数方法
计算两个数组之间的差值是Set操作之一。这个术语已经表明应该使用本机Set类型,以便提高查找速度。不管怎样,当你计算两个集合之间的差值时,有三种排列:
[+left difference] [-intersection] [-right difference]
[-left difference] [-intersection] [+right difference]
[+left difference] [-intersection] [+right difference]
下面是反映这些排列的功能性解决方案。
离开的区别:
// small, reusable auxiliary functions const apply = f => x => f(x); const flip = f => y => x => f(x) (y); const createSet = xs => new Set(xs); const filter = f => xs => xs.filter(apply(f)); // left difference const differencel = xs => ys => { const zs = createSet(ys); return filter(x => zs.has(x) ? false : true ) (xs); }; // mock data const xs = [1,2,2,3,4,5]; const ys = [0,1,2,3,3,3,6,7,8,9]; // run the computation console.log( differencel(xs) (ys) );
正确的区别:
差异是微不足道的。这与翻转的参数不同。为了方便,你可以写一个函数:const differencer = flip(difference)。这是所有!
对称的区别:
现在我们有了左边和右边,实现对称的差异也变得微不足道:
// small, reusable auxiliary functions const apply = f => x => f(x); const flip = f => y => x => f(x) (y); const concat = y => xs => xs.concat(y); const createSet = xs => new Set(xs); const filter = f => xs => xs.filter(apply(f)); // left difference const differencel = xs => ys => { const zs = createSet(ys); return filter(x => zs.has(x) ? false : true ) (xs); }; // symmetric difference const difference = ys => xs => concat(differencel(xs) (ys)) (flip(differencel) (xs) (ys)); // mock data const xs = [1,2,2,3,4,5]; const ys = [0,1,2,3,3,3,6,7,8,9]; // run the computation console.log( difference(xs) (ys) );
我想这个例子是一个很好的起点,可以让你了解函数式编程的含义:
使用可以以许多不同方式组合在一起的构建块进行编程。
CoffeeScript版本:
diff = (val for val in array1 when val not in array2)
我想要一个类似的函数,它接受一个旧数组和一个新数组,并给我一个添加项的数组和一个删除项的数组,我希望它是有效的(所以没有.contains!)。
你可以在这里尝试我提出的解决方案:http://jsbin.com/osewu3/12。
有人能看出算法的问题或改进吗?谢谢!
代码清单:
function diff(o, n) {
// deal with empty lists
if (o == undefined) o = [];
if (n == undefined) n = [];
// sort both arrays (or this won't work)
o.sort(); n.sort();
// don't compare if either list is empty
if (o.length == 0 || n.length == 0) return {added: n, removed: o};
// declare temporary variables
var op = 0; var np = 0;
var a = []; var r = [];
// compare arrays and add to add or remove lists
while (op < o.length && np < n.length) {
if (o[op] < n[np]) {
// push to diff?
r.push(o[op]);
op++;
}
else if (o[op] > n[np]) {
// push to diff?
a.push(n[np]);
np++;
}
else {
op++;np++;
}
}
// add remaining items
if( np < n.length )
a = a.concat(n.slice(np, n.length));
if( op < o.length )
r = r.concat(o.slice(op, o.length));
return {added: a, removed: r};
}
基于思考者的答案,但允许重复。
映射在映射值出现时增加它们,如果它们在另一个数组中,则减少它们。
任何剩余的部分都将包括在差额中。
function diff(curr, prev) { let a = curr.split('').sort(), b = prev.split('').sort(), c = arrDiff(a, b); console.log(JSON.stringify(a), '-', JSON.stringify(b), '=', JSON.stringify(c)); return c; } function arrDiff(larger, smaller) { var entries = {}; for (var i = 0; i < larger.length; i++) { entries[larger[i]] = (entries[larger[i]] || 0) + 1; } for (var i = 0; i < smaller.length; i++) { if (entries[smaller[i]]) { entries[smaller[i]] -= 1; } else { entries[smaller[i]] = (entries[smaller[i]] || 0) + 1; } } return Object.keys(entries).sort().reduce((diff, key) => { if (entries[key] > 0) { for (var i = 0; i < entries[key]; i++) { diff.push(key); } } return diff; }, []); } // Smaller is a subset of Larger console.log('Result:', JSON.stringify(diff('ENLIGHTEN', 'LENGTHEN'))); // [ I ] console.log('Result:', JSON.stringify(diff('STRENGTH', 'TENTHS'))); // [ G, R ] // Both have a unique value console.log('Result:', JSON.stringify(diff('BUBBLE', 'RUBBLE'))); // [ B, R ] .as-console-wrapper { top: 0; max-height: 100% !important; }