是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
是否有一种方法可以在JavaScript中返回两个数组之间的差异?
例如:
var a1 = ['a', 'b'];
var a2 = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
// need ["c", "d"]
当前回答
快速的解决方案。尽管似乎其他人已经发布了相同方法的不同变体。我不确定这是否适合大型数组,但它适用于不大于10或15的数组。
差b - a
for(var i = 0; i < b.length; i++){
for(var j = 0; j < a.length; j ++){
var loc = b.indexOf(a[j]);
if(loc > -1){
b.splice(loc, 1);
}
}
}
其他回答
在这种情况下,您可以使用Set。它针对这种操作(并、交、差)进行了优化。
确保它适用于你的案例,一旦它不允许重复。
var a = new JS.Set([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]);
var b = new JS.Set([2,4,6,8]);
a.difference(b)
// -> Set{1,3,5,7,9}
为了获得对称差异,您需要以两种方式比较数组(或在多个数组的情况下以所有方式比较)
ES7 (ECMAScript 2016)
// diff between just two arrays:
function arrayDiff(a, b) {
return [
...a.filter(x => !b.includes(x)),
...b.filter(x => !a.includes(x))
];
}
// diff between multiple arrays:
function arrayDiff(...arrays) {
return [].concat(...arrays.map( (arr, i) => {
const others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
const unique = [...new Set([].concat(...others))];
return arr.filter(x => !unique.includes(x));
}));
}
ES6(2015年ECMAScript)
// diff between just two arrays:
function arrayDiff(a, b) {
return [
...a.filter(x => b.indexOf(x) === -1),
...b.filter(x => a.indexOf(x) === -1)
];
}
// diff between multiple arrays:
function arrayDiff(...arrays) {
return [].concat(...arrays.map( (arr, i) => {
const others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
const unique = [...new Set([].concat(...others))];
return arr.filter(x => unique.indexOf(x) === -1);
}));
}
ES5 (ECMAScript 5.1)
// diff between just two arrays:
function arrayDiff(a, b) {
var arrays = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
var diff = [];
arrays.forEach(function(arr, i) {
var other = i === 1 ? a : b;
arr.forEach(function(x) {
if (other.indexOf(x) === -1) {
diff.push(x);
}
});
})
return diff;
}
// diff between multiple arrays:
function arrayDiff() {
var arrays = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments);
var diff = [];
arrays.forEach(function(arr, i) {
var others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
var otherValues = Array.prototype.concat.apply([], others);
var unique = otherValues.filter(function (x, j) {
return otherValues.indexOf(x) === j;
});
diff = diff.concat(arr.filter(x => unique.indexOf(x) === -1));
});
return diff;
}
例子:
// diff between two arrays:
const a = ['a', 'd', 'e'];
const b = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
arrayDiff(a, b); // (3) ["e", "b", "c"]
// diff between multiple arrays
const a = ['b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'g'];
const b = ['a', 'b'];
const c = ['a', 'e', 'f'];
arrayDiff(a, b, c); // (4) ["c", "d", "g", "f"]
对象数组之间的差异
function arrayDiffByKey(key, ...arrays) {
return [].concat(...arrays.map( (arr, i) => {
const others = arrays.slice(0);
others.splice(i, 1);
const unique = [...new Set([].concat(...others))];
return arr.filter( x =>
!unique.some(y => x[key] === y[key])
);
}));
}
例子:
const a = [{k:1}, {k:2}, {k:3}];
const b = [{k:1}, {k:4}, {k:5}, {k:6}];
const c = [{k:3}, {k:5}, {k:7}];
arrayDiffByKey('k', a, b, c); // (4) [{k:2}, {k:4}, {k:6}, {k:7}]
使用ES7有一个更好的方法:
十字路口
let intersection = arr1.filter(x => arr2.includes(x));
对于[1,2,3][2,3],它将生成[2,3]。另一方面,for[1,2,3][2,3,5]将返回相同的结果。
区别
let difference = arr1.filter(x => !arr2.includes(x));
对于[1,2,3][2,3],它将生成[1]。另一方面,for[1,2,3][2,3,5]将返回相同的结果。
对于对称差分,你可以这样做:
let difference = arr1
.filter(x => !arr2.includes(x))
.concat(arr2.filter(x => !arr1.includes(x)));
通过这种方式,您将得到一个包含arr1中所有不在arr2中的元素的数组,反之亦然
正如@Joshaven Potter在他的回答中指出的,你可以把这个添加到Array中。原型,所以它可以这样使用:
Array.prototype.diff = function(arr2) { return this.filter(x => !arr2.includes(x)); }
[1, 2, 3].diff([2, 3])
这里是使用地图的更快的方法
const arr1 = ['a','b','c','d'];
const arr2 = ['a','b','c']
let table = {}
arr1.forEach(v=>{table[v]=false})
arr2.forEach(v=>{
if(table[v]===false) table[v] = true
else table[v] = false
})
const diff = Object.keys(table).filter(v=>table[v]==false)
如果不使用hasOwnProperty,那么我们有不正确的元素。例如:
[1,2,3].diff([1,2]); //Return ["3", "remove", "diff"] This is the wrong version
我的版本:
Array.prototype.diff = function(array2)
{
var a = [],
diff = [],
array1 = this || [];
for (var i = 0; i < array1.length; i++) {
a[array1[i]] = true;
}
for (var i = 0; i < array2.length; i++) {
if (a[array2[i]]) {
delete a[array2[i]];
} else {
a[array2[i]] = true;
}
}
for (var k in a) {
if (!a.hasOwnProperty(k)){
continue;
}
diff.push(k);
}
return diff;
}