在一个模块中，要拥有风味、风味资源(布局、值)和风味资源的组合，主要要记住两件事:

When adding resource directories in res.srcDirs for flavor, keep in mind that in other modules and even in src/main/res of the same module, resource directories are also added. Hence, the importance of using an add-on assignment (+=) so as not to overwrite all existing resources with the new assignment. The path that is declared as an element of the array is the one that contains the resource types, that is, the resource types are all the subdirectories that a res folder contains normally such as color, drawable, layout, values, etc. The name of the res folder can be changed.

一个例子是使用路径"src/flavor/res/values/strings-ES"，但是注意到实践层次结构必须有子目录值:

├── module 
   ├── flavor
      ├── res
         ├── values
            ├── strings-ES
               ├── values
                  ├── strings.xml
               ├── strings.xml
 

该框架精确地根据类型识别资源，这就是为什么通常已知的子目录不能被省略。

还要记住，flavor中的所有strings.xml文件将形成一个联合，这样资源就不能被复制。反过来，这个组成该类型文件的联合在模块的主文件之前具有更高的优先级。

flavor {
        res.srcDirs += [
            "src/flavor/res/values/strings-ES"
        ]
}

将strings-ES目录视为包含资源类型的定制资源。

GL

I think the most elegant solution to this problem (given that subfolders are not allowed) is to prepend the file names with the name of the folder you would have placed it inside of. For example, if you have a bunch of layouts for an Activity, Fragment, or just general view called "places" then you should just prepend it with places_my_layout_name. At least this solves the problem of organizing them in a way that they are easier to find within the IDE. It's not the most awesome solution, but it's better than nothing.

现在有了Android Studio和Gradle，你可以在你的项目中有多个资源文件夹。允许组织不仅你的布局文件，但任何类型的资源。

它不是一个确切的子文件夹，但可以分离应用程序的部分。

配置如下:

sourceSets {
    main {
        res.srcDirs = ['src/main/res', 'src/main/res2']
    }
}

检查文档。

不能有子目录(很容易)，但可以有额外的资源文件夹。很惊讶没有人提到它，但是保留默认的资源文件夹，并添加更多:

    sourceSets {
        main.res.srcDirs += ['src/main/java/XYZ/ABC']
    }

@eski给出的最上面的答案很好，但是代码使用起来并不优雅，所以我在gradle中编写了一个groovy脚本以供一般使用。它适用于所有构建类型和产品风格，不仅可以用于布局，还可以为任何其他资源类型(如drawable)添加子文件夹。下面是代码(把它放在项目级gradle文件的android块中):

sourceSets.each {
    def rootResDir = it.res.srcDirs[0]
    def getSubDirs = { dirName ->
        def layoutsDir = new File(rootResDir, dirName)
        def subLayoutDirs = []
        if (layoutsDir.exists()) {
            layoutsDir.eachDir {
                subLayoutDirs.add it
            }
        }
        return subLayoutDirs
    }
    def resDirs = [
            "anims",
            "colors",
            "drawables",
            "drawables-hdpi",
            "drawables-mdpi",
            "drawables-xhdpi",
            "drawables-xxhdpi",
            "layouts",
            "valuess",
    ]
    def srcDirs = resDirs.collect {
        getSubDirs(it)
    }
    it.res.srcDirs = [srcDirs, rootResDir]
}

实践中怎么做?

例如，我想为布局创建名为activity的子文件夹，在resDirs变量中添加任何名称的字符串，如布局，然后布局xml文件应该放在res\layouts\activity\layout\xxx.xml中。

如果我想为drawable创建名为selectors的子文件夹，在resDirs变量中添加任何名称的字符串，如drawables，那么drawable xml文件应该放在res\drawables\selectors\drawable xxx.xml中。

文件夹名称，如布局和drawables是在resDirs变量中定义的，它可以是任何字符串。 您创建的所有子文件夹，如活动或选择器，都被视为与res文件夹相同。所以在selectors文件夹中，我们必须另外创建一个drawable folder，把xml文件放到drawable folder中，这样gradle才能正常识别xml文件为drawable。

答案是否定的。

我想提请您注意这本书Pro Android 2，它指出:

It is also worth noting a few constraints regarding resources. First, Android supports only a linear list of files within the predefined folders under res. For example, it does not support nested folders under the layout folder (or the other folders under res). Second, there are some similarities between the assets folder and the raw folder under res. Both folders can contain raw files, but the files within raw are considered resources and the files within assets are not. Note that because the contents of the assets folder are not considered resources, you can put an arbitrary hierarchy of folders and files within it.