我只是想补充eskis对遇到麻烦的人的精彩回答。(注意:这只会工作，看起来像“项目”视图中的单独目录，不幸的是，不是“android”视图。)

用以下测试。 BuildToolsVersion = 23.0.0 Gradle 1.2.3 & 1.3.0

这就是我如何让我的工作与一个已经建立的项目。

Copy all of the XML files out of your layout directory, and put them into a directory on the desktop or something for backup. Delete the entire layout directory (Make sure you backed everything up from step 1!!!) Right click the res directory and select new > directory. Name this new directory "layouts". (This can be whatever you want, but it will not be a 'fragment' directory or 'activity' directory, that comes later). Right click the new "layouts" directory and select new > directory. (This will be the name of the type of XML files you will have in it, for example, 'fragments' and 'activities'). Right click the 'fragment' or 'activities' directory (Note: this doesn't have to be 'fragment' or 'activities' that's just what i'm using as an example) and select new > directory once again and name this directory "layout". (Note: This MUST be named 'layout'!!! very important). Put the XML files you want inside the new 'layout' directory from the backup you made on your desktop. Repeat steps 5 - 7 for as many custom directories as you desire. Once this is complete, go into your modules gradle.build file and create a sourceSets definition like this...(Make sure 'src/main/res/layouts' & 'src/main/res' are always the bottom two!!!! Like I am showing below). sourceSets { main { res.srcDirs = [ 'src/main/res/layouts/activities', 'src/main/res/layouts/fragments', 'src/main/res/layouts/content', 'src/main/res/layouts', 'src/main/res' ] } } Profit $$$$

但是说真的. .我就是这样让它起作用的。如果有人有任何问题，请告诉我。我可以试着帮忙。

图片比文字更有价值。

I think the most elegant solution to this problem (given that subfolders are not allowed) is to prepend the file names with the name of the folder you would have placed it inside of. For example, if you have a bunch of layouts for an Activity, Fragment, or just general view called "places" then you should just prepend it with places_my_layout_name. At least this solves the problem of organizing them in a way that they are easier to find within the IDE. It's not the most awesome solution, but it's better than nothing.

如果你是在linux或mac上开发，一种变通方法是，创建包含符号链接到布局文件的子文件夹。只需使用ln命令和-s

ln -s PATH_TO_YOUR_FILE

问题是，你的布局文件夹仍然包含所有的.xml文件。但是你可以通过使用子文件夹来选择它们。这是最接近你想要的东西。

我刚读到，如果你使用的是Vista或更高版本，这可能也适用于Windows。这里有一个mklink命令。只是谷歌，我从来没用过。

另一个问题是，如果你已经打开了文件，并试图再次打开它，插件抛出一个空指针异常。但它并没有挂断。

现在有了Android Studio和Gradle，你可以在你的项目中有多个资源文件夹。允许组织不仅你的布局文件，但任何类型的资源。

它不是一个确切的子文件夹，但可以分离应用程序的部分。

配置如下:

sourceSets {
    main {
        res.srcDirs = ['src/main/res', 'src/main/res2']
    }
}

检查文档。

@eski给出的最上面的答案很好，但是代码使用起来并不优雅，所以我在gradle中编写了一个groovy脚本以供一般使用。它适用于所有构建类型和产品风格，不仅可以用于布局，还可以为任何其他资源类型(如drawable)添加子文件夹。下面是代码(把它放在项目级gradle文件的android块中):

sourceSets.each {
    def rootResDir = it.res.srcDirs[0]
    def getSubDirs = { dirName ->
        def layoutsDir = new File(rootResDir, dirName)
        def subLayoutDirs = []
        if (layoutsDir.exists()) {
            layoutsDir.eachDir {
                subLayoutDirs.add it
            }
        }
        return subLayoutDirs
    }
    def resDirs = [
            "anims",
            "colors",
            "drawables",
            "drawables-hdpi",
            "drawables-mdpi",
            "drawables-xhdpi",
            "drawables-xxhdpi",
            "layouts",
            "valuess",
    ]
    def srcDirs = resDirs.collect {
        getSubDirs(it)
    }
    it.res.srcDirs = [srcDirs, rootResDir]
}

实践中怎么做?

例如，我想为布局创建名为activity的子文件夹，在resDirs变量中添加任何名称的字符串，如布局，然后布局xml文件应该放在res\layouts\activity\layout\xxx.xml中。

如果我想为drawable创建名为selectors的子文件夹，在resDirs变量中添加任何名称的字符串，如drawables，那么drawable xml文件应该放在res\drawables\selectors\drawable xxx.xml中。

文件夹名称，如布局和drawables是在resDirs变量中定义的，它可以是任何字符串。 您创建的所有子文件夹，如活动或选择器，都被视为与res文件夹相同。所以在selectors文件夹中，我们必须另外创建一个drawable folder，把xml文件放到drawable folder中，这样gradle才能正常识别xml文件为drawable。

While all the proposals for multiple resource sets may work, the problem is that the current logic for the Android Studio Gradle plug-in will not update the resource files after they have changed for nested resource sets. The current implementation attempts to check the resource directories using startsWith(), so a directory structure that is nested (i.e. src/main/res/layout/layouts and src/main/res/layout/layouts_category2) will choose src/main/res/layout/layouts consistently and never actually update the changes. The end result is that you have to rebuild/clean the project each time.

我在https://android-review.googlesource.com/#/c/157971/上提交了一个补丁，试图帮助解决问题。