在windows中，您可以尝试这个程序http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/opened_files_view.html，以找出进程正在处理db文件。尝试关闭该程序解锁数据库

在Linux和macOS中，你可以做类似的事情，例如，如果你锁定的文件是development.db:

$ fuser development.db

这个命令将显示哪个进程正在锁定该文件:

> development.db: 5430

只需终止进程……

杀死-9 5430

.．.您的数据库将被解锁。

从您之前的评论中，您说存在一个-journal文件。

这可能意味着您已经打开和(EXCLUSIVE?)事务，还没有提交数据。是你的程序或者其他进程留下了-journal吗?

重新启动sqlite进程将查看日志文件，清除任何未提交的操作并删除-journal文件。

删除-journal文件听起来是个糟糕的主意。它允许sqlite在崩溃后将数据库回滚到一致的状态。如果在数据库处于不一致状态时删除它，则会留下一个损坏的数据库。引用sqlite站点的一个页面:

If a crash or power loss does occur and a hot journal is left on the disk, it is essential that the original database file and the hot journal remain on disk with their original names until the database file is opened by another SQLite process and rolled back. [...] We suspect that a common failure mode for SQLite recovery happens like this: A power failure occurs. After power is restored, a well-meaning user or system administrator begins looking around on the disk for damage. They see their database file named "important.data". This file is perhaps familiar to them. But after the crash, there is also a hot journal named "important.data-journal". The user then deletes the hot journal, thinking that they are helping to cleanup the system. We know of no way to prevent this other than user education.

The rollback is supposed to happen automatically the next time the database is opened, but it will fail if the process can't lock the database. As others have said, one possible reason for this is that another process currently has it open. Another possibility is a stale NFS lock, if the database is on an NFS volume. In that case, a workaround is to replace the database file with a fresh copy that isn't locked on the NFS server (mv database.db original.db; cp original.db database.db). Note that the sqlite FAQ recommends caution regarding concurrent access to databases on NFS volumes, because of buggy implementations of NFS file locking.

我无法解释为什么删除一个-journal文件会让你锁定一个数据库，而你以前不能。这是可复制的吗?

顺便说一下，-journal文件的存在并不一定意味着发生了崩溃或有要回滚的更改。Sqlite有几种不同的日志模式，在PERSIST或TRUNCATE模式下，它始终保留-journal文件，并更改内容以指示是否有要回滚的部分事务。

我添加了“池=true”连接字符串，它工作。

一个老问题，有很多答案，这里是我最近遵循的步骤，阅读上面的答案，但在我的情况下，问题是由于cifs资源共享。这个病例以前没有报道过，希望能帮助到一些人。

检查java代码中没有任何连接是打开的。 使用lsof检查是否有其他进程正在使用您的SQLite db文件。 检查正在运行的jvm进程的用户所有者对该文件具有r/w权限。 尝试在连接开口上强制锁定模式 final SQLiteConfig config = new SQLiteConfig(); config.setReadOnly(假); config.setLockingMode (LockingMode.NORMAL); connection = DriverManager。getConnection (url, config.toProperties ());

如果您在NFS共享文件夹上使用SQLite db文件，请检查SQLite faq的这一点，并检查您的挂载配置选项，以确保避免锁定，如下所述:

//myserver /mymount cifs username=*****,password=*****,iocharset=utf8,sec=ntlm,file,nolock,file_mode=0700,dir_mode=0700,uid=0500,gid=0500 0 0

我也有同样的问题。显然，回滚函数似乎用与db文件相同但没有最近更改的日志覆盖了db文件。我已经在下面的代码中实现了这一点，从那时起它一直工作得很好，而之前我的代码会因为数据库保持锁定而陷入循环。

希望这能有所帮助

我的python代码

##############
#### Defs ####
##############
def conn_exec( connection , cursor , cmd_str ):
    done        = False
    try_count   = 0.0
    while not done:
        try:
            cursor.execute( cmd_str )
            done = True
        except sqlite.IntegrityError:
            # Ignore this error because it means the item already exists in the database
            done = True
        except Exception, error:
            if try_count%60.0 == 0.0:       # print error every minute
                print "\t" , "Error executing command" , cmd_str
                print "Message:" , error

            if try_count%120.0 == 0.0:      # if waited for 2 miutes, roll back
                print "Forcing Unlock"
                connection.rollback()

            time.sleep(0.05)    
            try_count += 0.05


def conn_comit( connection ):
    done        = False
    try_count   = 0.0
    while not done:
        try:
            connection.commit()
            done = True
        except sqlite.IntegrityError:
            # Ignore this error because it means the item already exists in the database
            done = True
        except Exception, error:
            if try_count%60.0 == 0.0:       # print error every minute
                print "\t" , "Error executing command" , cmd_str
                print "Message:" , error

            if try_count%120.0 == 0.0:      # if waited for 2 miutes, roll back
                print "Forcing Unlock"
                connection.rollback()

            time.sleep(0.05)    
            try_count += 0.05       




##################
#### Run Code ####
##################
connection = sqlite.connect( db_path )
cursor = connection.cursor()
# Create tables if database does not exist
conn_exec( connection , cursor , '''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS fix (path TEXT PRIMARY KEY);''')
conn_exec( connection , cursor , '''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tx (path TEXT PRIMARY KEY);''')
conn_exec( connection , cursor , '''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS completed (fix DATE, tx DATE);''')
conn_comit( connection )