Brian的Ruby代码:

title.downcase.strip.gsub(/\ /, '-').gsub(/[^\w\-]/, '')

Downcase将字符串转换为小写，strip删除开头和结尾的空格，第一个gsub调用全局地用破折号替换空格，第二个调用删除所有不是字母或破折号的内容。

我知道这是一个非常老的问题，但由于大多数浏览器现在都支持unicode url，我在XRegex中找到了一个很好的解决方案，它可以转换除字母以外的所有内容(在所有语言中都是'-')。

这可以在几种编程语言中实现。

模式是\\p{^L}+，然后你只需要用它来替换所有非字母到'-'。

node.js中xregex模块的工作示例。

var text = 'This ! can @ have # several $ letters % from different languages such as עברית or Español';

var slugRegEx = XRegExp('((?!\\d)\\p{^L})+', 'g');

var slug = XRegExp.replace(text, slugRegEx, '-').toLowerCase();

console.log(slug) ==> "this-can-have-several-letters-from-different-languages-such-as-עברית-or-español"

我喜欢这种不使用正则表达式的方式，所以我将其移植到PHP。我刚刚添加了一个名为is_between的函数来检查字符:

function is_between($val, $min, $max)
{
    $val = (int) $val; $min = (int) $min; $max = (int) $max;

    return ($val >= $min && $val <= $max);
}

function international_char_to_ascii($char)
{
    if (mb_strpos('àåáâäãåa', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'a';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('èéêëe', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'e';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ìíîïi', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'i';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('òóôõö', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'o';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ùúûüuu', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'u';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('çccc', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'c';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('zzž', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'z';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ssšs', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 's';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ñn', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'n';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ýÿ', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'y';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('gg', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'g';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('r', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'r';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('l', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'l';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('d', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'd';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ß', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'ss';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('Þ', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'th';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('h', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'h';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('j', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'j';
    }
    return '';
}

function url_friendly_title($url_title)
{
    if (empty($url_title))
    {
        return '';
    }

    $url_title = mb_strtolower($url_title);

    $url_title_max_length   = 80;
    $url_title_length       = mb_strlen($url_title);
    $url_title_friendly     = '';
    $url_title_dash_added   = false;
    $url_title_char = '';

    for ($i = 0; $i < $url_title_length; $i++)
    {
        $url_title_char     = mb_substr($url_title, $i, 1);

        if (strlen($url_title_char) == 2)
        {
            $url_title_ascii    = ord($url_title_char[0]) * 256 + ord($url_title_char[1]) . "\r\n";
        }
        else
        {
            $url_title_ascii    = ord($url_title_char);
        }

        if (is_between($url_title_ascii, 97, 122) || is_between($url_title_ascii, 48, 57))
        {
            $url_title_friendly .= $url_title_char;

            $url_title_dash_added = false;
        }
        elseif(is_between($url_title_ascii, 65, 90))
        {
            $url_title_friendly .= chr(($url_title_ascii | 32));

            $url_title_dash_added = false;
        }
        elseif($url_title_ascii == 32 || $url_title_ascii == 44 || $url_title_ascii == 46 || $url_title_ascii == 47 || $url_title_ascii == 92 || $url_title_ascii == 45 || $url_title_ascii == 47 || $url_title_ascii == 95 || $url_title_ascii == 61)
        {
            if (!$url_title_dash_added && mb_strlen($url_title_friendly) > 0)
            {
                $url_title_friendly .= chr(45);

                $url_title_dash_added = true;
            }
        }
        else if ($url_title_ascii >= 128)
        {
            $url_title_previous_length = mb_strlen($url_title_friendly);

            $url_title_friendly .= international_char_to_ascii($url_title_char);

            if ($url_title_previous_length != mb_strlen($url_title_friendly))
            {
                $url_title_dash_added = false;
            }
        }

        if ($i == $url_title_max_length)
        {
            break;
        }
    }

    if ($url_title_dash_added)
    {
        return mb_substr($url_title_friendly, 0, -1);
    }
    else
    {
        return $url_title_friendly;
    }
}

不，不，不。你们都错了。除了变音符符(diacritic -fu)之外，你已经差不多了，但是亚洲字符呢(Ruby开发人员没有考虑到他们的日本同胞，真是可耻)。

Firefox和Safari都在URL中显示非ascii字符，坦率地说，它们看起来很棒。支持像“http://somewhere.com/news/read/お前たはアホじゃないかい”这样的链接是很好的。

这里有一些PHP代码，只是我自己写的，没有进行压力测试。

<?php
    function slug($str)
    {
        $args = func_get_args();
        array_filter($args);  //remove blanks
        $slug = mb_strtolower(implode('-', $args));

        $real_slug = '';
        $hyphen = '';
        foreach(SU::mb_str_split($slug) as $c)
        {
            if (strlen($c) > 1 && mb_strlen($c)===1)
            {
                $real_slug .= $hyphen . $c;
                $hyphen = '';
            }
            else
            {
                switch($c)
                {
                    case '&':
                        $hyphen = $real_slug ? '-and-' : '';
                        break;
                    case 'a':
                    case 'b':
                    case 'c':
                    case 'd':
                    case 'e':
                    case 'f':
                    case 'g':
                    case 'h':
                    case 'i':
                    case 'j':
                    case 'k':
                    case 'l':
                    case 'm':
                    case 'n':
                    case 'o':
                    case 'p':
                    case 'q':
                    case 'r':
                    case 's':
                    case 't':
                    case 'u':
                    case 'v':
                    case 'w':
                    case 'x':
                    case 'y':
                    case 'z':

                    case 'A':
                    case 'B':
                    case 'C':
                    case 'D':
                    case 'E':
                    case 'F':
                    case 'G':
                    case 'H':
                    case 'I':
                    case 'J':
                    case 'K':
                    case 'L':
                    case 'M':
                    case 'N':
                    case 'O':
                    case 'P':
                    case 'Q':
                    case 'R':
                    case 'S':
                    case 'T':
                    case 'U':
                    case 'V':
                    case 'W':
                    case 'X':
                    case 'Y':
                    case 'Z':

                    case '0':
                    case '1':
                    case '2':
                    case '3':
                    case '4':
                    case '5':
                    case '6':
                    case '7':
                    case '8':
                    case '9':
                        $real_slug .= $hyphen . $c;
                        $hyphen = '';
                        break;

                    default:
                       $hyphen = $hyphen ? $hyphen : ($real_slug ? '-' : '');
                }
            }
        }
        return $real_slug;
    }

例子:

$str = "~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]\{}|;':\",./<>?\n\r\t\x07\x00\x04 コリン ~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]\{}|;':\",./<>?\n\r\t\x07\x00\x04 トーマス ~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]\{}|;':\",./<>?\n\r\t\x07\x00\x04 アーノルド ~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]\{}|;':\",./<>?\n\r\t\x07\x00\x04";
echo slug($str);

outputs: 科林-德-托马斯-德-阿诺德

“- -”是因为&变成了“- -”。

我将代码移植到TypeScript中。它可以很容易地适应JavaScript。

我添加了一个.contains方法到字符串原型，如果你的目标是最新的浏览器或ES6，你可以使用.includes代替。

if (!String.prototype.contains) {
    String.prototype.contains = function (check) {
        return this.indexOf(check, 0) !== -1;
    };
}

declare interface String {
    contains(check: string): boolean;
}

export function MakeUrlFriendly(title: string) {
            if (title == null || title == '')
                return '';

            const maxlen = 80;
            let len = title.length;
            let prevdash = false;
            let result = '';
            let c: string;
            let cc: number;
            let remapInternationalCharToAscii = function (c: string) {
                let s = c.toLowerCase();
                if ("àåáâäãåą".contains(s)) {
                    return "a";
                }
                else if ("èéêëę".contains(s)) {
                    return "e";
                }
                else if ("ìíîïı".contains(s)) {
                    return "i";
                }
                else if ("òóôõöøőð".contains(s)) {
                    return "o";
                }
                else if ("ùúûüŭů".contains(s)) {
                    return "u";
                }
                else if ("çćčĉ".contains(s)) {
                    return "c";
                }
                else if ("żźž".contains(s)) {
                    return "z";
                }
                else if ("śşšŝ".contains(s)) {
                    return "s";
                }
                else if ("ñń".contains(s)) {
                    return "n";
                }
                else if ("ýÿ".contains(s)) {
                    return "y";
                }
                else if ("ğĝ".contains(s)) {
                    return "g";
                }
                else if (c == 'ř') {
                    return "r";
                }
                else if (c == 'ł') {
                    return "l";
                }
                else if (c == 'đ') {
                    return "d";
                }
                else if (c == 'ß') {
                    return "ss";
                }
                else if (c == 'Þ') {
                    return "th";
                }
                else if (c == 'ĥ') {
                    return "h";
                }
                else if (c == 'ĵ') {
                    return "j";
                }
                else {
                    return "";
                }
            };

            for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                c = title[i];
                cc = c.charCodeAt(0);

                if ((cc >= 97 /* a */ && cc <= 122 /* z */) || (cc >= 48 /* 0 */ && cc <= 57 /* 9 */)) {
                    result += c;
                    prevdash = false;
                }
                else if ((cc >= 65 && cc <= 90 /* A - Z */)) {
                    result += c.toLowerCase();
                    prevdash = false;
                }
                else if (c == ' ' || c == ',' || c == '.' || c == '/' || c == '\\' || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '=') {
                    if (!prevdash && result.length > 0) {
                        result += '-';
                        prevdash = true;
                    }
                }
                else if (cc >= 128) {
                    let prevlen = result.length;
                    result += remapInternationalCharToAscii(c);
                    if (prevlen != result.length) prevdash = false;
                }
                if (i == maxlen) break;
            }

            if (prevdash)
                return result.substring(0, result.length - 1);
            else
                return result;
        }

下面是Jeff代码的我的版本。我做了以下修改:

The hyphens were appended in such a way that one could be added, and then need removing as it was the last character in the string. That is, we never want “my-slug-”. This means an extra string allocation to remove it on this edge case. I’ve worked around this by delay-hyphening. If you compare my code to Jeff’s the logic for this is easy to follow. His approach is purely lookup based and missed a lot of characters I found in examples while researching on Stack Overflow. To counter this, I first peform a normalisation pass (AKA collation mentioned in Meta Stack Overflow question Non US-ASCII characters dropped from full (profile) URL), and then ignore any characters outside the acceptable ranges. This works most of the time... ... For when it doesn’t I’ve also had to add a lookup table. As mentioned above, some characters don’t map to a low ASCII value when normalised. Rather than drop these I’ve got a manual list of exceptions that is doubtless full of holes, but it is better than nothing. The normalisation code was inspired by Jon Hanna’s great post in Stack Overflow question How can I remove accents on a string?. The case conversion is now also optional. public static class Slug { public static string Create(bool toLower, params string[] values) { return Create(toLower, String.Join("-", values)); } /// <summary> /// Creates a slug. /// References: /// http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/tr15-34.html /// https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/7435/non-us-ascii-characters-dropped-from-full-profile-url/7696#7696 /// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25259/how-do-you-include-a-webpage-title-as-part-of-a-webpage-url/25486#25486 /// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3769457/how-can-i-remove-accents-on-a-string /// </summary> /// <param name="toLower"></param> /// <param name="normalised"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string Create(bool toLower, string value) { if (value == null) return ""; var normalised = value.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKD); const int maxlen = 80; int len = normalised.Length; bool prevDash = false; var sb = new StringBuilder(len); char c; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { c = normalised[i]; if ((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9')) { if (prevDash) { sb.Append('-'); prevDash = false; } sb.Append(c); } else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') { if (prevDash) { sb.Append('-'); prevDash = false; } // Tricky way to convert to lowercase if (toLower) sb.Append((char)(c | 32)); else sb.Append(c); } else if (c == ' ' || c == ',' || c == '.' || c == '/' || c == '\\' || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '=') { if (!prevDash && sb.Length > 0) { prevDash = true; } } else { string swap = ConvertEdgeCases(c, toLower); if (swap != null) { if (prevDash) { sb.Append('-'); prevDash = false; } sb.Append(swap); } } if (sb.Length == maxlen) break; } return sb.ToString(); } static string ConvertEdgeCases(char c, bool toLower) { string swap = null; switch (c) { case 'ı': swap = "i"; break; case 'ł': swap = "l"; break; case 'Ł': swap = toLower ? "l" : "L"; break; case 'đ': swap = "d"; break; case 'ß': swap = "ss"; break; case 'ø': swap = "o"; break; case 'Þ': swap = "th"; break; } return swap; } }

关于更多的细节，单元测试，以及为什么Facebook的URL方案比堆栈溢出更聪明的解释，我在我的博客上有一个扩展版本。