下面是Jeff代码的我的版本。我做了以下修改:

The hyphens were appended in such a way that one could be added, and then need removing as it was the last character in the string. That is, we never want “my-slug-”. This means an extra string allocation to remove it on this edge case. I’ve worked around this by delay-hyphening. If you compare my code to Jeff’s the logic for this is easy to follow. His approach is purely lookup based and missed a lot of characters I found in examples while researching on Stack Overflow. To counter this, I first peform a normalisation pass (AKA collation mentioned in Meta Stack Overflow question Non US-ASCII characters dropped from full (profile) URL), and then ignore any characters outside the acceptable ranges. This works most of the time... ... For when it doesn’t I’ve also had to add a lookup table. As mentioned above, some characters don’t map to a low ASCII value when normalised. Rather than drop these I’ve got a manual list of exceptions that is doubtless full of holes, but it is better than nothing. The normalisation code was inspired by Jon Hanna’s great post in Stack Overflow question How can I remove accents on a string?. The case conversion is now also optional. public static class Slug { public static string Create(bool toLower, params string[] values) { return Create(toLower, String.Join("-", values)); } /// <summary> /// Creates a slug. /// References: /// http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/tr15-34.html /// https://meta.stackexchange.com/questions/7435/non-us-ascii-characters-dropped-from-full-profile-url/7696#7696 /// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/25259/how-do-you-include-a-webpage-title-as-part-of-a-webpage-url/25486#25486 /// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3769457/how-can-i-remove-accents-on-a-string /// </summary> /// <param name="toLower"></param> /// <param name="normalised"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string Create(bool toLower, string value) { if (value == null) return ""; var normalised = value.Normalize(NormalizationForm.FormKD); const int maxlen = 80; int len = normalised.Length; bool prevDash = false; var sb = new StringBuilder(len); char c; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { c = normalised[i]; if ((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9')) { if (prevDash) { sb.Append('-'); prevDash = false; } sb.Append(c); } else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') { if (prevDash) { sb.Append('-'); prevDash = false; } // Tricky way to convert to lowercase if (toLower) sb.Append((char)(c | 32)); else sb.Append(c); } else if (c == ' ' || c == ',' || c == '.' || c == '/' || c == '\\' || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '=') { if (!prevDash && sb.Length > 0) { prevDash = true; } } else { string swap = ConvertEdgeCases(c, toLower); if (swap != null) { if (prevDash) { sb.Append('-'); prevDash = false; } sb.Append(swap); } } if (sb.Length == maxlen) break; } return sb.ToString(); } static string ConvertEdgeCases(char c, bool toLower) { string swap = null; switch (c) { case 'ı': swap = "i"; break; case 'ł': swap = "l"; break; case 'Ł': swap = toLower ? "l" : "L"; break; case 'đ': swap = "d"; break; case 'ß': swap = "ss"; break; case 'ø': swap = "o"; break; case 'Þ': swap = "th"; break; } return swap; } }

关于更多的细节，单元测试，以及为什么Facebook的URL方案比堆栈溢出更聪明的解释，我在我的博客上有一个扩展版本。

我喜欢这种不使用正则表达式的方式，所以我将其移植到PHP。我刚刚添加了一个名为is_between的函数来检查字符:

function is_between($val, $min, $max)
{
    $val = (int) $val; $min = (int) $min; $max = (int) $max;

    return ($val >= $min && $val <= $max);
}

function international_char_to_ascii($char)
{
    if (mb_strpos('àåáâäãåa', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'a';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('èéêëe', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'e';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ìíîïi', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'i';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('òóôõö', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'o';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ùúûüuu', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'u';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('çccc', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'c';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('zzž', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'z';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ssšs', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 's';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ñn', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'n';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ýÿ', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'y';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('gg', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'g';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('r', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'r';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('l', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'l';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('d', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'd';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('ß', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'ss';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('Þ', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'th';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('h', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'h';
    }

    if (mb_strpos('j', $char) !== false)
    {
        return 'j';
    }
    return '';
}

function url_friendly_title($url_title)
{
    if (empty($url_title))
    {
        return '';
    }

    $url_title = mb_strtolower($url_title);

    $url_title_max_length   = 80;
    $url_title_length       = mb_strlen($url_title);
    $url_title_friendly     = '';
    $url_title_dash_added   = false;
    $url_title_char = '';

    for ($i = 0; $i < $url_title_length; $i++)
    {
        $url_title_char     = mb_substr($url_title, $i, 1);

        if (strlen($url_title_char) == 2)
        {
            $url_title_ascii    = ord($url_title_char[0]) * 256 + ord($url_title_char[1]) . "\r\n";
        }
        else
        {
            $url_title_ascii    = ord($url_title_char);
        }

        if (is_between($url_title_ascii, 97, 122) || is_between($url_title_ascii, 48, 57))
        {
            $url_title_friendly .= $url_title_char;

            $url_title_dash_added = false;
        }
        elseif(is_between($url_title_ascii, 65, 90))
        {
            $url_title_friendly .= chr(($url_title_ascii | 32));

            $url_title_dash_added = false;
        }
        elseif($url_title_ascii == 32 || $url_title_ascii == 44 || $url_title_ascii == 46 || $url_title_ascii == 47 || $url_title_ascii == 92 || $url_title_ascii == 45 || $url_title_ascii == 47 || $url_title_ascii == 95 || $url_title_ascii == 61)
        {
            if (!$url_title_dash_added && mb_strlen($url_title_friendly) > 0)
            {
                $url_title_friendly .= chr(45);

                $url_title_dash_added = true;
            }
        }
        else if ($url_title_ascii >= 128)
        {
            $url_title_previous_length = mb_strlen($url_title_friendly);

            $url_title_friendly .= international_char_to_ascii($url_title_char);

            if ($url_title_previous_length != mb_strlen($url_title_friendly))
            {
                $url_title_dash_added = false;
            }
        }

        if ($i == $url_title_max_length)
        {
            break;
        }
    }

    if ($url_title_dash_added)
    {
        return mb_substr($url_title_friendly, 0, -1);
    }
    else
    {
        return $url_title_friendly;
    }
}

我们是这样做的。注意，可能有比你第一眼意识到的更多的边缘条件。

这是第二个版本，展开后的性能提高了5倍(是的，我对它进行了基准测试)。我认为我应该优化它，因为这个函数可以在每页被调用数百次。

/// <summary>
/// Produces optional, URL-friendly version of a title, "like-this-one". 
/// hand-tuned for speed, reflects performance refactoring contributed
/// by John Gietzen (user otac0n) 
/// </summary>
public static string URLFriendly(string title)
{
    if (title == null) return "";

    const int maxlen = 80;
    int len = title.Length;
    bool prevdash = false;
    var sb = new StringBuilder(len);
    char c;

    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        c = title[i];
        if ((c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || (c >= '0' && c <= '9'))
        {
            sb.Append(c);
            prevdash = false;
        }
        else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
        {
            // tricky way to convert to lowercase
            sb.Append((char)(c | 32));
            prevdash = false;
        }
        else if (c == ' ' || c == ',' || c == '.' || c == '/' || 
            c == '\\' || c == '-' || c == '_' || c == '=')
        {
            if (!prevdash && sb.Length > 0)
            {
                sb.Append('-');
                prevdash = true;
            }
        }
        else if ((int)c >= 128)
        {
            int prevlen = sb.Length;
            sb.Append(RemapInternationalCharToAscii(c));
            if (prevlen != sb.Length) prevdash = false;
        }
        if (i == maxlen) break;
    }

    if (prevdash)
        return sb.ToString().Substring(0, sb.Length - 1);
    else
        return sb.ToString();
}

要查看被替换的代码的前一个版本(但在功能上与之相当，而且快了5倍)，请查看这篇文章的修订历史(单击日期链接)。

另外，RemapInternationalCharToAscii方法的源代码可以在这里找到。

不，不，不。你们都错了。除了变音符符(diacritic -fu)之外，你已经差不多了，但是亚洲字符呢(Ruby开发人员没有考虑到他们的日本同胞，真是可耻)。

Firefox和Safari都在URL中显示非ascii字符，坦率地说，它们看起来很棒。支持像“http://somewhere.com/news/read/お前たはアホじゃないかい”这样的链接是很好的。

这里有一些PHP代码，只是我自己写的，没有进行压力测试。

<?php
    function slug($str)
    {
        $args = func_get_args();
        array_filter($args);  //remove blanks
        $slug = mb_strtolower(implode('-', $args));

        $real_slug = '';
        $hyphen = '';
        foreach(SU::mb_str_split($slug) as $c)
        {
            if (strlen($c) > 1 && mb_strlen($c)===1)
            {
                $real_slug .= $hyphen . $c;
                $hyphen = '';
            }
            else
            {
                switch($c)
                {
                    case '&':
                        $hyphen = $real_slug ? '-and-' : '';
                        break;
                    case 'a':
                    case 'b':
                    case 'c':
                    case 'd':
                    case 'e':
                    case 'f':
                    case 'g':
                    case 'h':
                    case 'i':
                    case 'j':
                    case 'k':
                    case 'l':
                    case 'm':
                    case 'n':
                    case 'o':
                    case 'p':
                    case 'q':
                    case 'r':
                    case 's':
                    case 't':
                    case 'u':
                    case 'v':
                    case 'w':
                    case 'x':
                    case 'y':
                    case 'z':

                    case 'A':
                    case 'B':
                    case 'C':
                    case 'D':
                    case 'E':
                    case 'F':
                    case 'G':
                    case 'H':
                    case 'I':
                    case 'J':
                    case 'K':
                    case 'L':
                    case 'M':
                    case 'N':
                    case 'O':
                    case 'P':
                    case 'Q':
                    case 'R':
                    case 'S':
                    case 'T':
                    case 'U':
                    case 'V':
                    case 'W':
                    case 'X':
                    case 'Y':
                    case 'Z':

                    case '0':
                    case '1':
                    case '2':
                    case '3':
                    case '4':
                    case '5':
                    case '6':
                    case '7':
                    case '8':
                    case '9':
                        $real_slug .= $hyphen . $c;
                        $hyphen = '';
                        break;

                    default:
                       $hyphen = $hyphen ? $hyphen : ($real_slug ? '-' : '');
                }
            }
        }
        return $real_slug;
    }

例子:

$str = "~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]\{}|;':\",./<>?\n\r\t\x07\x00\x04 コリン ~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]\{}|;':\",./<>?\n\r\t\x07\x00\x04 トーマス ~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]\{}|;':\",./<>?\n\r\t\x07\x00\x04 アーノルド ~!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]\{}|;':\",./<>?\n\r\t\x07\x00\x04";
echo slug($str);

outputs: 科林-德-托马斯-德-阿诺德

“- -”是因为&变成了“- -”。

有一个叫PermalinkFu的小Ruby on Rails插件可以做到这一点。escape方法将转换为适合URL的字符串。看一下代码;那个方法很简单。

为了删除非ascii字符，它使用iconv lib将'utf-8'转换为'ascii//ignore//translit'。然后空格变成破折号，所有东西都被缩小，等等。

如果你正在使用Rails edge，你可以依赖Inflector。参数化-下面是文档中的例子:

  class Person
    def to_param
      "#{id}-#{name.parameterize}"
    end
  end

  @person = Person.find(1)
  # => #<Person id: 1, name: "Donald E. Knuth">

  <%= link_to(@person.name, person_path(@person)) %>
  # => <a href="/person/1-donald-e-knuth">Donald E. Knuth</a>

另外，如果你需要在以前版本的Rails中处理更多的外来字符，比如重音(éphémère)，你可以混合使用PermalinkFu和DiacriticsFu:

DiacriticsFu::escape("éphémère")
=> "ephemere"

DiacriticsFu::escape("räksmörgås")
=> "raksmorgas"