In the early days...like before the 90s...the processors weren't able to do multi tasks that efficiently...coz a single processor could handle just a single task...so when we used to say that my antivirus,microsoft word,vlc,etc. softwares are all running at the same time...that isn't actually true. When I said a processor could handle a single process at a time...I meant it. It actually would process a single task...then it used to pause that task...take another task...complete it if its a short one or again pause it and add it to the queue...then the next. But this 'pause' that I mentioned was so small (appx. 1ns) that you didn't understand that the task has been paused. Eg. On vlc while listening to music there are other apps running simultaneously but as I told you...one program at a time...so the vlc is actually pausing in between for ns so you dont underatand it but the music is actually stopping in between.

但这是关于旧的处理器……

现在的处理器，即第三代个人电脑有多核处理器。现在的“核心”可以比作第一代或第二代处理器……嵌入到一个芯片上，一个处理器上。所以现在我们明白了什么是核心，即它们是结合成处理器的迷你处理器。每个核心可以一次处理单个进程或为操作系统设计的多线程。它们遵循的步骤与我上面提到的关于单处理器的步骤相同。

如。i7 6gen处理器有8核…1个i7里有8个迷你处理器…它的速度是旧处理器的8倍。这就是多任务处理的方法。

单个处理器中可能有数百个内核 如。英特尔i128。

我希望我解释得很好。

让我们先弄清楚什么是CPU，什么是核心，一个中央处理单元CPU，可以有多个核心单元，这些核心本身就是一个处理器，能够执行一个程序，但它是独立在同一个芯片上的。

在过去，一个CPU分布在相当多的芯片中，但随着摩尔定律的发展，他们在一个芯片(模具)中有一个完整的CPU，自90年代以来，制造商开始在同一个模具中安装更多的内核，所以这就是多核的概念。

在这些日子里，有可能在同一个CPU(芯片或芯片)gpu上有数百个内核，英特尔至强。90年代开发的另一项技术是同步多线程，基本上他们发现在同一个单核CPU中有另一个线程是可能的，因为大多数资源已经重复了，比如ALU，多个寄存器。

所以基本上一个CPU可以有多个内核，每个内核都能够同时运行一个或多个线程，我们可能会期望将来有更多的内核，但更难以有效地编程。

英特尔的图片很有帮助，正如Tortuga的最佳答案所示。这是它的标题。

Processor: One semiconductor chip, the CPU (central processing unit) seated in one socket, circa 1950s-2010s. Over time, more functions have been packed onto the CPU chip. Prior to the 1950s releases of single-chip processors, one processor might have spread across multiple chips. In the mid 2010s the system-on-a-chip chips made it slightly more sketchy to equate one processor to one chip, though that's generally what people mean by processor, as in "this computer has an i7 processor" or "this computer system has four processors."

核心:CPU的一个块，一次执行一条指令。(你会看到人们说每个时钟周期一条指令，但有些cpu对某些指令使用多个时钟周期。)

In the early days...like before the 90s...the processors weren't able to do multi tasks that efficiently...coz a single processor could handle just a single task...so when we used to say that my antivirus,microsoft word,vlc,etc. softwares are all running at the same time...that isn't actually true. When I said a processor could handle a single process at a time...I meant it. It actually would process a single task...then it used to pause that task...take another task...complete it if its a short one or again pause it and add it to the queue...then the next. But this 'pause' that I mentioned was so small (appx. 1ns) that you didn't understand that the task has been paused. Eg. On vlc while listening to music there are other apps running simultaneously but as I told you...one program at a time...so the vlc is actually pausing in between for ns so you dont underatand it but the music is actually stopping in between.

但这是关于旧的处理器……

现在的处理器，即第三代个人电脑有多核处理器。现在的“核心”可以比作第一代或第二代处理器……嵌入到一个芯片上，一个处理器上。所以现在我们明白了什么是核心，即它们是结合成处理器的迷你处理器。每个核心可以一次处理单个进程或为操作系统设计的多线程。它们遵循的步骤与我上面提到的关于单处理器的步骤相同。

如。i7 6gen处理器有8核…1个i7里有8个迷你处理器…它的速度是旧处理器的8倍。这就是多任务处理的方法。

单个处理器中可能有数百个内核 如。英特尔i128。

我希望我解释得很好。

我已经阅读了所有的答案，但是这个链接对我来说更清楚地解释了CPU(处理器)和核心之间的区别。所以我在这里留下了一些笔记。

CPU和核心的主要区别在于，CPU是计算机内部的电子电路，执行算术、逻辑、控制和输入/输出操作的指令，而核心是CPU内部的执行单元，接收和执行指令。

一幅图可以胜过千言万语:

图中描述了现代多处理器、多核系统的复杂性。

来源:

https://software.intel.com/en-us/articles/intel-performance-counter-monitor-a-better-way-to-measure-cpu-utilization