我正在寻找一种简单的算法来生成大量随机的、美观的颜色。所以没有疯狂的霓虹灯颜色,让人联想到粪便的颜色等等。

我已经找到了这个问题的解决方案,但它们依赖于替代调色板而不是RGB。 我宁愿直接使用RGB,而不是来回映射。这些其他解决方案也最多只能生成32种左右令人愉悦的随机颜色。

任何想法都很好。


当前回答

JavaScript改编的David Crow的原始答案,包括IE和Nodejs的特定代码。

generateRandomComplementaryColor = function(r, g, b){
    //--- JavaScript code
    var red = Math.floor((Math.random() * 256));
    var green = Math.floor((Math.random() * 256));
    var blue = Math.floor((Math.random() * 256));
    //---

    //--- Extra check for Internet Explorers, its Math.random is not random enough.
    if(!/MSIE 9/i.test(navigator.userAgent) && !/MSIE 10/i.test(navigator.userAgent) && !/rv:11.0/i.test(navigator.userAgent)){
        red = Math.floor((('0.' + window.crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint32Array(1))[0]) * 256));
        green = Math.floor((('0.' + window.crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint32Array(1))[0]) * 256));
        blue = Math.floor((('0.' + window.crypto.getRandomValues(new Uint32Array(1))[0]) * 256));
    };
    //---

    //--- nodejs code
    /*
    crypto = Npm.require('crypto');
    red = Math.floor((parseInt(crypto.randomBytes(8).toString('hex'), 16)) * 1.0e-19 * 256);
    green = Math.floor((parseInt(crypto.randomBytes(8).toString('hex'), 16)) * 1.0e-19 * 256);
    blue = Math.floor((parseInt(crypto.randomBytes(8).toString('hex'), 16)) * 1.0e-19 * 256);
    */
    //---

    red = (red + r)/2;
    green = (green + g)/2;
    blue = (blue + b)/2;

    return 'rgb(' + Math.floor(red) + ', ' + Math.floor(green) + ', ' + Math.floor(blue) + ')';
}

运行函数使用:

generateRandomComplementaryColor(240, 240, 240);

其他回答

一个不应该被忽视的答案,因为它简单而有优势,就是对现实生活中的照片和绘画进行采样。在现代艺术图片、塞尚、梵高、莫内、照片的缩略图上随机选取你想要的任意数量的像素。这样做的好处是,您可以根据主题获取颜色,而且它们是有机颜色。只要把20 - 30张照片在一个文件夹和随机抽样随机PIC每次。

转换到HSV值是一种广泛的代码算法心理基于调色板。HSV更容易随机化。

这是我为我做的一个网站写的东西。它会自动为任何带有.flat-color-gen类的div生成随机的平面背景色。Jquery仅用于向页面添加css;它的主要部分是generateFlatColorWithOrder()方法,而不是必需的。

JsFiddle Link

(function($) {
    function generateFlatColorWithOrder(num, rr, rg, rb) {
        var colorBase = 256;
        var red = 0;
        var green = 0;
        var blue = 0;
        num = Math.round(num);
        num = num + 1;
        if (num != null) {

            red = (num*rr) % 256;
            green = (num*rg) % 256;
            blue = (num*rb) % 256;
        }
        var redString = Math.round((red + colorBase) / 2).toString();
        var greenString = Math.round((green + colorBase) / 2).toString();
        var blueString = Math.round((blue + colorBase) / 2).toString();
        return "rgb("+redString+", "+greenString+", "+blueString+")";
        //return '#' + redString + greenString + blueString;
    }

    function generateRandomFlatColor() {
        return generateFlatColorWithOrder(Math.round(Math.random()*127));
    }

    var rr = Math.round(Math.random()*1000);
    var rg = Math.round(Math.random()*1000);
    var rb = Math.round(Math.random()*1000);
    console.log("random red: "+ rr);
    console.log("random green: "+ rg);
    console.log("random blue: "+ rb);
    console.log("----------------------------------------------------");
    $('.flat-color-gen').each(function(i, obj) {
        console.log(generateFlatColorWithOrder(i));
        $(this).css("background-color",generateFlatColorWithOrder(i, rr, rg, rb).toString());
    });
})(window.jQuery);

你可以让它们在一定的亮度范围内。这样可以稍微控制“霓虹灯”颜色的数量。例如,如果“亮度”

brightness = sqrt(R^2+G^2+B^2)

在一定的高度范围内,它就会被洗掉,变成浅色。相反,如果它在某个下限内,它就会更暗。这将消除任何疯狂的、突出的颜色,如果你选择一个非常高或非常低的边界,它们都将非常接近白色或黑色。

下面是c#中的一个快速而肮脏的颜色生成器(使用本文中描述的“RYB方法”)。这是JavaScript重写的。

Use:

List<Color> ColorPalette = ColorGenerator.Generate(30).ToList();

前两种颜色往往是白色和暗色的黑色。我经常这样跳过它们(使用Linq):

List<Color> ColorsPalette = ColorGenerator
            .Generate(30)
            .Skip(2) // skip white and black
            .ToList(); 

实现:

public static class ColorGenerator
{

    // RYB color space
    private static class RYB
    {
        private static readonly double[] White = { 1, 1, 1 };
        private static readonly double[] Red = { 1, 0, 0 };
        private static readonly double[] Yellow = { 1, 1, 0 };
        private static readonly double[] Blue = { 0.163, 0.373, 0.6 };
        private static readonly double[] Violet = { 0.5, 0, 0.5 };
        private static readonly double[] Green = { 0, 0.66, 0.2 };
        private static readonly double[] Orange = { 1, 0.5, 0 };
        private static readonly double[] Black = { 0.2, 0.094, 0.0 };

        public static double[] ToRgb(double r, double y, double b)
        {
            var rgb = new double[3];
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                rgb[i] = White[i]  * (1.0 - r) * (1.0 - b) * (1.0 - y) +
                         Red[i]    * r         * (1.0 - b) * (1.0 - y) +
                         Blue[i]   * (1.0 - r) * b         * (1.0 - y) +
                         Violet[i] * r         * b         * (1.0 - y) +
                         Yellow[i] * (1.0 - r) * (1.0 - b) *        y +
                         Orange[i] * r         * (1.0 - b) *        y +
                         Green[i]  * (1.0 - r) * b         *        y +
                         Black[i]  * r         * b         *        y;
            }

            return rgb;
        }
    }

    private class Points : IEnumerable<double[]>
    {
        private readonly int pointsCount;
        private double[] picked;
        private int pickedCount;

        private readonly List<double[]> points = new List<double[]>();

        public Points(int count)
        {
            pointsCount = count;
        }

        private void Generate()
        {
            points.Clear();
            var numBase = (int)Math.Ceiling(Math.Pow(pointsCount, 1.0 / 3.0));
            var ceil = (int)Math.Pow(numBase, 3.0);
            for (int i = 0; i < ceil; i++)
            {
                points.Add(new[]
                {
                    Math.Floor(i/(double)(numBase*numBase))/ (numBase - 1.0),
                    Math.Floor((i/(double)numBase) % numBase)/ (numBase - 1.0),
                    Math.Floor((double)(i % numBase))/ (numBase - 1.0),
                });
            }
        }

        private double Distance(double[] p1)
        {
            double distance = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                distance += Math.Pow(p1[i] - picked[i], 2.0);
            }

            return distance;
        }

        private double[] Pick()
        {
            if (picked == null)
            {
                picked = points[0];
                points.RemoveAt(0);
                pickedCount = 1;
                return picked;
            }

            var d1 = Distance(points[0]);
            int i1 = 0, i2 = 0;
            foreach (var point in points)
            {
                var d2 = Distance(point);
                if (d1 < d2)
                {
                    i1 = i2;
                    d1 = d2;
                }

                i2 += 1;
            }

            var pick = points[i1];
            points.RemoveAt(i1);

            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                picked[i] = (pickedCount * picked[i] + pick[i]) / (pickedCount + 1.0);
            }

            pickedCount += 1;
            return pick;
        }

        public IEnumerator<double[]> GetEnumerator()
        {
            Generate();
            for (int i = 0; i < pointsCount; i++)
            {
                yield return Pick();
            }
        }

        IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
        {
            return GetEnumerator();
        }
    }

    public static IEnumerable<Color> Generate(int numOfColors)
    {
        var points = new Points(numOfColors);

        foreach (var point in points)
        {
            var rgb = RYB.ToRgb(point[0], point[1], point[2]);
            yield return Color.FromArgb(
                (int)Math.Floor(255 * rgb[0]),
                (int)Math.Floor(255 * rgb[1]),
                (int)Math.Floor(255 * rgb[2]));
        }
    }
}

在php中:

function pastelColors() {
    $r = dechex(round(((float) rand() / (float) getrandmax()) * 127) + 127);
    $g = dechex(round(((float) rand() / (float) getrandmax()) * 127) + 127);
    $b = dechex(round(((float) rand() / (float) getrandmax()) * 127) + 127);

    return "#" . $r . $g . $b;
}

来源:https://stackoverflow.com/a/12266311/2875783