我花了几个小时试图找到解决问题的办法，但似乎毫无希望。
基本上，我需要知道如何从子类调用父方法。
到目前为止，我所尝试的所有东西都以无效或重写父方法而告终。
我使用下面的代码在javascript中设置OOP:
// SET UP OOP
// surrogate constructor (empty function)
function surrogateCtor() {}
function extend(base, sub) {
// copy the prototype from the base to setup inheritance
surrogateCtor.prototype = base.prototype;
sub.prototype = new surrogateCtor();
sub.prototype.constructor = sub;
}
// parent class
function ParentObject(name) {
this.name = name;
}
// parent's methods
ParentObject.prototype = {
myMethod: function(arg) {
this.name = arg;
}
}
// child
function ChildObject(name) {
// call the parent's constructor
ParentObject.call(this, name);
this.myMethod = function(arg) {
// HOW DO I CALL THE PARENT METHOD HERE?
// do stuff
}
}
// setup the prototype chain
extend(ParentObject, ChildObject);
我需要先调用父方法，然后在子类中添加一些更多的东西。
在大多数OOP语言中，调用parent.myMethod()就可以了
但我真的不能理解它是如何在javascript中完成的。
任何帮助都非常感激，谢谢!
下面是一种让子对象使用JavaScript的原型链访问父属性和方法的好方法，并且它与Internet Explorer兼容。JavaScript在原型链中搜索方法，我们希望子原型链看起来像这样:
子实例->子的原型(带子方法)->父的原型(带父方法)->对象原型-> null
子方法也可以调用阴影父方法，如下面的三个星号***所示。
方法如下:
//Parent constructor
function ParentConstructor(firstName){
//add parent properties:
this.parentProperty = firstName;
}
//add 2 Parent methods:
ParentConstructor.prototype.parentMethod = function(argument){
console.log(
"Parent says: argument=" + argument +
", parentProperty=" + this.parentProperty +
", childProperty=" + this.childProperty
);
};
ParentConstructor.prototype.commonMethod = function(argument){
console.log("Hello from Parent! argument=" + argument);
};
//Child constructor
function ChildConstructor(firstName, lastName){
//first add parent's properties
ParentConstructor.call(this, firstName);
//now add child's properties:
this.childProperty = lastName;
}
//insert Parent's methods into Child's prototype chain
var rCopyParentProto = Object.create(ParentConstructor.prototype);
rCopyParentProto.constructor = ChildConstructor;
ChildConstructor.prototype = rCopyParentProto;
//add 2 Child methods:
ChildConstructor.prototype.childMethod = function(argument){
console.log(
"Child says: argument=" + argument +
", parentProperty=" + this.parentProperty +
", childProperty=" + this.childProperty
);
};
ChildConstructor.prototype.commonMethod = function(argument){
console.log("Hello from Child! argument=" + argument);
// *** call Parent's version of common method
ParentConstructor.prototype.commonMethod(argument);
};
//create an instance of Child
var child_1 = new ChildConstructor('Albert', 'Einstein');
//call Child method
child_1.childMethod('do child method');
//call Parent method
child_1.parentMethod('do parent method');
//call common method
child_1.commonMethod('do common method');
下面是一种让子对象使用JavaScript的原型链访问父属性和方法的好方法，并且它与Internet Explorer兼容。JavaScript在原型链中搜索方法，我们希望子原型链看起来像这样:
子实例->子的原型(带子方法)->父的原型(带父方法)->对象原型-> null
子方法也可以调用阴影父方法，如下面的三个星号***所示。
方法如下:
//Parent constructor
function ParentConstructor(firstName){
//add parent properties:
this.parentProperty = firstName;
}
//add 2 Parent methods:
ParentConstructor.prototype.parentMethod = function(argument){
console.log(
"Parent says: argument=" + argument +
", parentProperty=" + this.parentProperty +
", childProperty=" + this.childProperty
);
};
ParentConstructor.prototype.commonMethod = function(argument){
console.log("Hello from Parent! argument=" + argument);
};
//Child constructor
function ChildConstructor(firstName, lastName){
//first add parent's properties
ParentConstructor.call(this, firstName);
//now add child's properties:
this.childProperty = lastName;
}
//insert Parent's methods into Child's prototype chain
var rCopyParentProto = Object.create(ParentConstructor.prototype);
rCopyParentProto.constructor = ChildConstructor;
ChildConstructor.prototype = rCopyParentProto;
//add 2 Child methods:
ChildConstructor.prototype.childMethod = function(argument){
console.log(
"Child says: argument=" + argument +
", parentProperty=" + this.parentProperty +
", childProperty=" + this.childProperty
);
};
ChildConstructor.prototype.commonMethod = function(argument){
console.log("Hello from Child! argument=" + argument);
// *** call Parent's version of common method
ParentConstructor.prototype.commonMethod(argument);
};
//create an instance of Child
var child_1 = new ChildConstructor('Albert', 'Einstein');
//call Child method
child_1.childMethod('do child method');
//call Parent method
child_1.parentMethod('do parent method');
//call common method
child_1.commonMethod('do common method');
虽然您可以通过父方法的原型调用父方法，但您将需要传递当前的子实例以使用调用、应用或绑定方法。bind方法会创建一个新函数，所以如果你关心性能，我不建议你这样做，除非它只被调用一次。
作为一种替代方法，您可以替换子方法，并在调用原始子方法时将父方法放在实例上。
function proxy(context, parent){
var proto = parent.prototype;
var list = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(proto);
for(var i=0; i < list.length; i++){
var key = list[i];
// Create only when child have similar method name
if(context[key] !== proto[key]){
let currentMethod = context[key];
let parentMethod = proto[key];
context[key] = function(){
context.super = parentMethod;
return currentMethod.apply(context, arguments);
}
}
}
}
// ========= The usage would be like this ==========
class Parent {
first = "Home";
constructor(){
console.log('Parent created');
}
add(arg){
return this.first + ", Parent "+arg;
}
}
class Child extends Parent{
constructor(b){
super();
proxy(this, Parent);
console.log('Child created');
}
// Comment this to call method from parent only
add(arg){
return super.add(arg) + ", Child "+arg;
}
}
var family = new Child();
console.log(family.add('B'));
