我花了几个小时试图找到解决问题的办法，但似乎毫无希望。
基本上，我需要知道如何从子类调用父方法。
到目前为止，我所尝试的所有东西都以无效或重写父方法而告终。
我使用下面的代码在javascript中设置OOP:
// SET UP OOP
// surrogate constructor (empty function)
function surrogateCtor() {}
function extend(base, sub) {
// copy the prototype from the base to setup inheritance
surrogateCtor.prototype = base.prototype;
sub.prototype = new surrogateCtor();
sub.prototype.constructor = sub;
}
// parent class
function ParentObject(name) {
this.name = name;
}
// parent's methods
ParentObject.prototype = {
myMethod: function(arg) {
this.name = arg;
}
}
// child
function ChildObject(name) {
// call the parent's constructor
ParentObject.call(this, name);
this.myMethod = function(arg) {
// HOW DO I CALL THE PARENT METHOD HERE?
// do stuff
}
}
// setup the prototype chain
extend(ParentObject, ChildObject);
我需要先调用父方法，然后在子类中添加一些更多的东西。
在大多数OOP语言中，调用parent.myMethod()就可以了
但我真的不能理解它是如何在javascript中完成的。
任何帮助都非常感激，谢谢!
在多重继承级别的情况下，此函数可以在其他语言中用作super()方法。这是一个演示，一些测试，你可以这样使用它，在你的方法使用:call_base(this， 'method_name'，参数);
它使用了最新的ES功能，与旧浏览器的兼容性不能保证。在IE11, FF29, CH35中测试。
/**
* Call super method of the given object and method.
* This function create a temporary variable called "_call_base_reference",
* to inspect whole inheritance linage. It will be deleted at the end of inspection.
*
* Usage : Inside your method use call_base(this, 'method_name', arguments);
*
* @param {object} object The owner object of the method and inheritance linage
* @param {string} method The name of the super method to find.
* @param {array} args The calls arguments, basically use the "arguments" special variable.
* @returns {*} The data returned from the super method.
*/
function call_base(object, method, args) {
// We get base object, first time it will be passed object,
// but in case of multiple inheritance, it will be instance of parent objects.
var base = object.hasOwnProperty('_call_base_reference') ? object._call_base_reference : object,
// We get matching method, from current object,
// this is a reference to define super method.
object_current_method = base[method],
// Temp object wo receive method definition.
descriptor = null,
// We define super function after founding current position.
is_super = false,
// Contain output data.
output = null;
while (base !== undefined) {
// Get method info
descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(base, method);
if (descriptor !== undefined) {
// We search for current object method to define inherited part of chain.
if (descriptor.value === object_current_method) {
// Further loops will be considered as inherited function.
is_super = true;
}
// We already have found current object method.
else if (is_super === true) {
// We need to pass original object to apply() as first argument,
// this allow to keep original instance definition along all method
// inheritance. But we also need to save reference to "base" who
// contain parent class, it will be used into this function startup
// to begin at the right chain position.
object._call_base_reference = base;
// Apply super method.
output = descriptor.value.apply(object, args);
// Property have been used into super function if another
// call_base() is launched. Reference is not useful anymore.
delete object._call_base_reference;
// Job is done.
return output;
}
}
// Iterate to the next parent inherited.
base = Object.getPrototypeOf(base);
}
}
Well in order to do this, you are not limited with the Class abstraction of ES6. Accessing the parent constructor's prototype methods is possible through the __proto__ property (I am pretty sure there will be fellow JS coders to complain that it's depreciated) which is depreciated but at the same time discovered that it is actually an essential tool for sub-classing needs (especially for the Array sub-classing needs though). So while the __proto__ property is still available in all major JS engines that i know, ES6 introduced the Object.getPrototypeOf() functionality on top of it. The super() tool in the Class abstraction is a syntactical sugar of this.
因此，如果你没有访问父构造函数的名称，并且不想使用Class抽象，你仍然可以这样做;
function ChildObject(name) {
// call the parent's constructor
ParentObject.call(this, name);
this.myMethod = function(arg) {
//this.__proto__.__proto__.myMethod.call(this,arg);
Object.getPrototypeOf(Object.getPrototypeOf(this)).myMethod.call(this,arg);
}
}
在多重继承级别的情况下，此函数可以在其他语言中用作super()方法。这是一个演示，一些测试，你可以这样使用它，在你的方法使用:call_base(this， 'method_name'，参数);
它使用了最新的ES功能，与旧浏览器的兼容性不能保证。在IE11, FF29, CH35中测试。
/**
* Call super method of the given object and method.
* This function create a temporary variable called "_call_base_reference",
* to inspect whole inheritance linage. It will be deleted at the end of inspection.
*
* Usage : Inside your method use call_base(this, 'method_name', arguments);
*
* @param {object} object The owner object of the method and inheritance linage
* @param {string} method The name of the super method to find.
* @param {array} args The calls arguments, basically use the "arguments" special variable.
* @returns {*} The data returned from the super method.
*/
function call_base(object, method, args) {
// We get base object, first time it will be passed object,
// but in case of multiple inheritance, it will be instance of parent objects.
var base = object.hasOwnProperty('_call_base_reference') ? object._call_base_reference : object,
// We get matching method, from current object,
// this is a reference to define super method.
object_current_method = base[method],
// Temp object wo receive method definition.
descriptor = null,
// We define super function after founding current position.
is_super = false,
// Contain output data.
output = null;
while (base !== undefined) {
// Get method info
descriptor = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(base, method);
if (descriptor !== undefined) {
// We search for current object method to define inherited part of chain.
if (descriptor.value === object_current_method) {
// Further loops will be considered as inherited function.
is_super = true;
}
// We already have found current object method.
else if (is_super === true) {
// We need to pass original object to apply() as first argument,
// this allow to keep original instance definition along all method
// inheritance. But we also need to save reference to "base" who
// contain parent class, it will be used into this function startup
// to begin at the right chain position.
object._call_base_reference = base;
// Apply super method.
output = descriptor.value.apply(object, args);
// Property have been used into super function if another
// call_base() is launched. Reference is not useful anymore.
delete object._call_base_reference;
// Job is done.
return output;
}
}
// Iterate to the next parent inherited.
base = Object.getPrototypeOf(base);
}
}
