我只是碰到这个问题，我在发布构建配置下运行，而不是调试构建配置下运行。一旦我切换回调试我的变量显示在手表再次。

关于“优化代码”属性未选中的问题，但代码仍然编译为优化:在尝试了所有东西后，最后帮助我的是在同一设置页面上检查“启用非托管代码调试”复选框(项目属性-调试)。它与代码优化没有直接关系，但是启用这个功能后，VS不再优化我的库，我可以调试。

当我面临同样的问题时，我只需要在重建之前清理我的解决方案。这帮我解决了问题。

在Visual Studio 2017或2015中:

转到解决方案，右键单击解决方案，然后选择属性->选择所有配置->调试，然后单击确定。 在“重新构建并运行”之后，这个解决方案对我来说是有效的。

在visual Studio 2017中 去调试->选项，然后检查调试->通用-> 选中这个选项

I found that I had the same problem when I was running a project and debugging by attaching to an IIS process. I also was running in Debug mode with optimizations turned off. While I thought the code compiled fine, when I detached and tried to compile, one of the references was not found. This was due to another developer here that made modifications and changed the location of the reference. The reference did not show up with the alert symbol, so I thought everything was fine until I did the compilation. Once fixing the reference and running again it worked.