以下代码可用于在TypeScript中创建enum:
enum e {
hello = 1,
world = 2
};
这些值可以通过以下方式访问:
e.hello;
e.world;
我如何创建一个字符串值enum ?
enum e {
hello = "hello", // error: cannot convert string to e
world = "world" // error
};
以下代码可用于在TypeScript中创建enum:
enum e {
hello = 1,
world = 2
};
这些值可以通过以下方式访问:
e.hello;
e.world;
我如何创建一个字符串值enum ?
enum e {
hello = "hello", // error: cannot convert string to e
world = "world" // error
};
当前回答
这里有一个相当干净的解决方案,它允许继承,使用TypeScript 2.0。我没有在早期的版本上尝试过。
附加条件:该值可以是任何类型!
export class Enum<T> {
public constructor(public readonly value: T) {}
public toString() {
return this.value.toString();
}
}
export class PrimaryColor extends Enum<string> {
public static readonly Red = new Enum('#FF0000');
public static readonly Green = new Enum('#00FF00');
public static readonly Blue = new Enum('#0000FF');
}
export class Color extends PrimaryColor {
public static readonly White = new Enum('#FFFFFF');
public static readonly Black = new Enum('#000000');
}
// Usage:
console.log(PrimaryColor.Red);
// Output: Enum { value: '#FF0000' }
console.log(Color.Red); // inherited!
// Output: Enum { value: '#FF0000' }
console.log(Color.Red.value); // we have to call .value to get the value.
// Output: #FF0000
console.log(Color.Red.toString()); // toString() works too.
// Output: #FF0000
class Thing {
color: Color;
}
let thing: Thing = {
color: Color.Red,
};
switch (thing.color) {
case Color.Red: // ...
case Color.White: // ...
}
其他回答
TypeScript 2 + 4。
你现在可以直接将字符串值分配给enum成员:
enum Season {
Winter = "winter",
Spring = "spring",
Summer = "summer",
Fall = "fall"
}
更多信息见#15486。
打印稿1.8 +
在TypeScript 1.8+中,你可以创建一个字符串文字类型来定义类型,并为值列表创建一个同名的对象。它模仿字符串enum的预期行为。
这里有一个例子:
type MyStringEnum = "member1" | "member2";
const MyStringEnum = {
Member1: "member1" as MyStringEnum,
Member2: "member2" as MyStringEnum
};
它将像字符串enum一样工作:
// implicit typing example
let myVariable = MyStringEnum.Member1; // ok
myVariable = "member2"; // ok
myVariable = "some other value"; // error, desired
// explict typing example
let myExplicitlyTypedVariable: MyStringEnum;
myExplicitlyTypedVariable = MyStringEnum.Member1; // ok
myExplicitlyTypedVariable = "member2"; // ok
myExplicitlyTypedVariable = "some other value"; // error, desired
确保输入对象中的所有字符串!如果不这样做,那么在上面的第一个例子中,变量将不会隐式地类型化为MyStringEnum。
这里有一个相当干净的解决方案,它允许继承,使用TypeScript 2.0。我没有在早期的版本上尝试过。
附加条件:该值可以是任何类型!
export class Enum<T> {
public constructor(public readonly value: T) {}
public toString() {
return this.value.toString();
}
}
export class PrimaryColor extends Enum<string> {
public static readonly Red = new Enum('#FF0000');
public static readonly Green = new Enum('#00FF00');
public static readonly Blue = new Enum('#0000FF');
}
export class Color extends PrimaryColor {
public static readonly White = new Enum('#FFFFFF');
public static readonly Black = new Enum('#000000');
}
// Usage:
console.log(PrimaryColor.Red);
// Output: Enum { value: '#FF0000' }
console.log(Color.Red); // inherited!
// Output: Enum { value: '#FF0000' }
console.log(Color.Red.value); // we have to call .value to get the value.
// Output: #FF0000
console.log(Color.Red.toString()); // toString() works too.
// Output: #FF0000
class Thing {
color: Color;
}
let thing: Thing = {
color: Color.Red,
};
switch (thing.color) {
case Color.Red: // ...
case Color.White: // ...
}
export enum PaymentType {
Cash = 1,
Credit = 2
}
var paymentType = PaymentType[PaymentType.Cash];
最近在使用TypeScript 1.0.1时遇到了这个问题,并以这种方式解决了:
enum IEvents {
/** A click on a product or product link for one or more products. */
CLICK,
/** A view of product details. */
DETAIL,
/** Adding one or more products to a shopping cart. */
ADD,
/** Remove one or more products from a shopping cart. */
REMOVE,
/** Initiating the checkout process for one or more products. */
CHECKOUT,
/** Sending the option value for a given checkout step. */
CHECKOUT_OPTION,
/** The sale of one or more products. */
PURCHASE,
/** The refund of one or more products. */
REFUND,
/** A click on an internal promotion. */
PROMO_CLICK
}
var Events = [
'click',
'detail',
'add',
'remove',
'checkout',
'checkout_option',
'purchase',
'refund',
'promo_click'
];
function stuff(event: IEvents):boolean {
// event can now be only IEvents constants
Events[event]; // event is actually a number that matches the index of the array
}
// stuff('click') won't work, it needs to be called using stuff(IEvents.CLICK)
使用typescript@next中提供的自定义转换器(https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/pull/13940),您可以从字符串字面类型创建字符串值的枚举对象。
请查看我的npm包,ts-transformer-enumerate。
使用示例:
// The signature of `enumerate` here is `function enumerate<T extends string>(): { [K in T]: K };`
import { enumerate } from 'ts-transformer-enumerate';
type Colors = 'green' | 'yellow' | 'red';
const Colors = enumerate<Colors>();
console.log(Colors.green); // 'green'
console.log(Colors.yellow); // 'yellow'
console.log(Colors.red); // 'red'