我知道PHP还没有本地枚举。但是我已经习惯了来自Java世界的它们。我喜欢使用枚举来提供ide的自动补全功能能够理解的预定义值。
常量可以解决这个问题,但是存在名称空间冲突问题,而且(实际上是因为)它们是全局的。数组没有名称空间的问题,但是它们太模糊了,它们可以在运行时被覆盖,而且ide很少知道如何在没有额外的静态分析注释或属性的情况下自动填充它们的键。
你有什么常用的解决方案/变通办法吗?有人记得PHP的人对枚举有什么想法或决定吗?
我知道PHP还没有本地枚举。但是我已经习惯了来自Java世界的它们。我喜欢使用枚举来提供ide的自动补全功能能够理解的预定义值。
常量可以解决这个问题,但是存在名称空间冲突问题,而且(实际上是因为)它们是全局的。数组没有名称空间的问题,但是它们太模糊了,它们可以在运行时被覆盖,而且ide很少知道如何在没有额外的静态分析注释或属性的情况下自动填充它们的键。
你有什么常用的解决方案/变通办法吗?有人记得PHP的人对枚举有什么想法或决定吗?
当前回答
我只是创建了一个库,希望它能完成这项工作。它可以在任何PHP项目中独立使用,并且有一些Laravel的好东西可以让生活变得更简单。我在生产项目中使用它们。
https://github.com/Kwaadpepper/enum
如果你喜欢或不喜欢,不要犹豫提供反馈。 它可以被打印出来,并序列化为JSON。它的定义很简单。
用法非常简单:
$enum = BasicEnum::someValue();
echo $enum->equals(BasicEnum::someValue()) ? 'true' : 'false'; // true
echo $enum->value; // 'someValue' or the value you have defined
echo $enum->label; // 'someValue' or the label you have defined
echo $enum; // 'someValue' or the value you have defined
echo json_encode($enum); // {"label": "someValue", "value: "someValue" }
枚举定义非常简单(值和标签方法是可选的)
/**
* @method static self post()
* @method static self about()
* @method static self contact()
*/
class PostType extends BaseEnum
{
protected static function values(): array
{
return [
'post' => 0,
'about' => 1,
'contact' => 2
];
}
protected static function labels(): array
{
return [
'post' => 'Regular posts',
'about' => 'The about page',
'contact' => 'The contact page'
];
}
}
其他回答
下面的Enum类定义是强类型的,使用和定义都很自然。
定义:
class Fruit extends Enum {
static public $APPLE = 1;
static public $ORANGE = 2;
}
Fruit::initialize(); //Can also be called in autoloader
切换Enum
$myFruit = Fruit::$APPLE;
switch ($myFruit) {
case Fruit::$APPLE : echo "I like apples\n"; break;
case Fruit::$ORANGE : echo "I hate oranges\n"; break;
}
>> I like apples
传递Enum作为参数(强类型)
/** Function only accepts Fruit enums as input**/
function echoFruit(Fruit $fruit) {
echo $fruit->getName().": ".$fruit->getValue()."\n";
}
/** Call function with each Enum value that Fruit has */
foreach (Fruit::getList() as $fruit) {
echoFruit($fruit);
}
//Call function with Apple enum
echoFruit(Fruit::$APPLE)
//Will produce an error. This solution is strongly typed
echoFruit(2);
>> APPLE: 1
>> ORANGE: 2
>> APPLE: 1
>> Argument 1 passed to echoFruit() must be an instance of Fruit, integer given
以字符串形式返回Enum
echo "I have an $myFruit\n";
>> I have an APPLE
通过整数获取Enum
$myFruit = Fruit::getByValue(2);
echo "Now I have an $myFruit\n";
>> Now I have an ORANGE
按名称获取Enum
$myFruit = Fruit::getByName("APPLE");
echo "But I definitely prefer an $myFruit\n\n";
>> But I definitely prefer an APPLE
枚举类:
/**
* @author Torge Kummerow
*/
class Enum {
/**
* Holds the values for each type of Enum
*/
static private $list = array();
/**
* Initializes the enum values by replacing the number with an instance of itself
* using reflection
*/
static public function initialize() {
$className = get_called_class();
$class = new ReflectionClass($className);
$staticProperties = $class->getStaticProperties();
self::$list[$className] = array();
foreach ($staticProperties as $propertyName => &$value) {
if ($propertyName == 'list')
continue;
$enum = new $className($propertyName, $value);
$class->setStaticPropertyValue($propertyName, $enum);
self::$list[$className][$propertyName] = $enum;
} unset($value);
}
/**
* Gets the enum for the given value
*
* @param integer $value
* @throws Exception
*
* @return Enum
*/
static public function getByValue($value) {
$className = get_called_class();
foreach (self::$list[$className] as $propertyName=>&$enum) {
/* @var $enum Enum */
if ($enum->value == $value)
return $enum;
} unset($enum);
throw new Exception("No such enum with value=$value of type ".get_called_class());
}
/**
* Gets the enum for the given name
*
* @param string $name
* @throws Exception
*
* @return Enum
*/
static public function getByName($name) {
$className = get_called_class();
if (array_key_exists($name, static::$list[$className]))
return self::$list[$className][$name];
throw new Exception("No such enum ".get_called_class()."::\$$name");
}
/**
* Returns the list of all enum variants
* @return Array of Enum
*/
static public function getList() {
$className = get_called_class();
return self::$list[$className];
}
private $name;
private $value;
public function __construct($name, $value) {
$this->name = $name;
$this->value = $value;
}
public function __toString() {
return $this->name;
}
public function getValue() {
return $this->value;
}
public function getName() {
return $this->name;
}
}
除了
当然,您也可以为ide添加注释
class Fruit extends Enum {
/**
* This comment is for autocomplete support in common IDEs
* @var Fruit A yummy apple
*/
static public $APPLE = 1;
/**
* This comment is for autocomplete support in common IDEs
* @var Fruit A sour orange
*/
static public $ORANGE = 2;
}
//This can also go to the autoloader if available.
Fruit::initialize();
踩在布莱恩·克莱恩的回答上,我想我可能会给出我的5美分
<?php
/**
* A class that simulates Enums behaviour
* <code>
* class Season extends Enum{
* const Spring = 0;
* const Summer = 1;
* const Autumn = 2;
* const Winter = 3;
* }
*
* $currentSeason = new Season(Season::Spring);
* $nextYearSeason = new Season(Season::Spring);
* $winter = new Season(Season::Winter);
* $whatever = new Season(-1); // Throws InvalidArgumentException
* echo $currentSeason.is(Season::Spring); // True
* echo $currentSeason.getName(); // 'Spring'
* echo $currentSeason.is($nextYearSeason); // True
* echo $currentSeason.is(Season::Winter); // False
* echo $currentSeason.is(Season::Spring); // True
* echo $currentSeason.is($winter); // False
* </code>
*
* Class Enum
*
* PHP Version 5.5
*/
abstract class Enum
{
/**
* Will contain all the constants of every enum that gets created to
* avoid expensive ReflectionClass usage
* @var array
*/
private static $_constCacheArray = [];
/**
* The value that separates this instance from the rest of the same class
* @var mixed
*/
private $_value;
/**
* The label of the Enum instance. Will take the string name of the
* constant provided, used for logging and human readable messages
* @var string
*/
private $_name;
/**
* Creates an enum instance, while makes sure that the value given to the
* enum is a valid one
*
* @param mixed $value The value of the current
*
* @throws \InvalidArgumentException
*/
public final function __construct($value)
{
$constants = self::_getConstants();
if (count($constants) !== count(array_unique($constants))) {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Enums cannot contain duplicate constant values');
}
if ($name = array_search($value, $constants)) {
$this->_value = $value;
$this->_name = $name;
} else {
throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Invalid enum value provided');
}
}
/**
* Returns the constant name of the current enum instance
*
* @return string
*/
public function getName()
{
return $this->_name;
}
/**
* Returns the value of the current enum instance
*
* @return mixed
*/
public function getValue()
{
return $this->_value;
}
/**
* Checks whether this enum instance matches with the provided one.
* This function should be used to compare Enums at all times instead
* of an identity comparison
* <code>
* // Assuming EnumObject and EnumObject2 both extend the Enum class
* // and constants with such values are defined
* $var = new EnumObject('test');
* $var2 = new EnumObject('test');
* $var3 = new EnumObject2('test');
* $var4 = new EnumObject2('test2');
* echo $var->is($var2); // true
* echo $var->is('test'); // true
* echo $var->is($var3); // false
* echo $var3->is($var4); // false
* </code>
*
* @param mixed|Enum $enum The value we are comparing this enum object against
* If the value is instance of the Enum class makes
* sure they are instances of the same class as well,
* otherwise just ensures they have the same value
*
* @return bool
*/
public final function is($enum)
{
// If we are comparing enums, just make
// sure they have the same toString value
if (is_subclass_of($enum, __CLASS__)) {
return get_class($this) === get_class($enum)
&& $this->getValue() === $enum->getValue();
} else {
// Otherwise assume $enum is the value we are comparing against
// and do an exact comparison
return $this->getValue() === $enum;
}
}
/**
* Returns the constants that are set for the current Enum instance
*
* @return array
*/
private static function _getConstants()
{
if (self::$_constCacheArray == null) {
self::$_constCacheArray = [];
}
$calledClass = get_called_class();
if (!array_key_exists($calledClass, self::$_constCacheArray)) {
$reflect = new \ReflectionClass($calledClass);
self::$_constCacheArray[$calledClass] = $reflect->getConstants();
}
return self::$_constCacheArray[$calledClass];
}
}
我所见过的PHP中枚举最常见的解决方案是创建一个通用枚举类,然后扩展它。你可以看看这个。
更新:或者,我从phpclasses.org找到了这个。
我在github上找到了这个库,我认为它提供了一个非常不错的答案。
PHP枚举实现灵感来自脾
你可以输入:function setAction(Action $ Action) { 你可以用方法丰富枚举(例如format, parse,…) 您可以扩展枚举以添加新值(将枚举设置为final以防止出现这种情况) 您可以得到所有可能值的列表(见下面)
宣言
<?php
use MyCLabs\Enum\Enum;
/**
* Action enum
*/
class Action extends Enum
{
const VIEW = 'view';
const EDIT = 'edit';
}
使用
<?php
$action = new Action(Action::VIEW);
// or
$action = Action::VIEW();
类型提示枚举值:
<?php
function setAction(Action $action) {
// ...
}
我使用带有常量的类:
class Enum {
const NAME = 'aaaa';
const SOME_VALUE = 'bbbb';
}
print Enum::NAME;