我一直在阅读很多关于finalize()的Java新手问题，并发现没有人真正清楚地表明finalize()是一种不可靠的清理资源的方法，这有点令人困惑。我看到有人评论说他们用它来清理连接，这真的很可怕，因为唯一接近于保证连接关闭的方法是最后实现try (catch)。
我没有学过CS，但我已经用Java专业编程近十年了，我从来没有见过有人在生产系统中实现finalize()。这并不意味着它没有用处，或者和我一起工作的人一直在做正确的事情。
所以我的问题是，实现finalize()有哪些用例不能通过语言中的另一个进程或语法更可靠地处理?
请提供具体的场景或您的经验，简单地重复Java教科书，或最终确定的预期用途是不够的，因为这不是这个问题的意图。
当前回答
编辑:好吧，这真的不管用。我实现了它，并认为如果它有时失败了，这对我来说是可以的，但它甚至没有调用finalize方法一次。
我不是一个专业的程序员，但在我的程序中，我有一个案例，我认为是一个使用finalize()的好例子，那是一个缓存，在它被销毁之前将其内容写入磁盘。因为它没有必要在每次销毁时都执行，它只会加速我的程序，我希望我没有做错。
@Override
public void finalize()
{
try {saveCache();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}
public void saveCache() throws FileNotFoundException, IOException
{
ObjectOutputStream out = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("temp/cache.tmp"));
out.writeObject(cache);
}
其他回答
当编写将被其他开发人员使用的代码时，需要调用某种“清理”方法来释放资源。有时那些其他开发人员忘记调用您的清理(或关闭，或销毁，或其他)方法。为了避免可能的资源泄漏，您可以检查finalize方法，以确保该方法被调用，如果没有调用，您可以自己调用它。
许多数据库驱动程序在它们的Statement和Connection实现中这样做，以提供一点安全性，防止开发人员忘记调用close。
我不知道你是怎么想的，但是…
itsadok@laptop ~/jdk1.6.0_02/src/
$ find . -name "*.java" | xargs grep "void finalize()" | wc -l
41
所以我猜《太阳报》找到了一些(他们认为)应该使用它的案例。
您不应该依赖finalize()来为您清理资源。Finalize()在类被垃圾回收之前不会运行。在使用完资源后显式地释放资源要好得多。
一个简单的规则:永远不要使用终结器。
对象具有终结器(不管它执行什么代码)这一事实本身就足以导致相当大的垃圾收集开销。
摘自Brian Goetz的一篇文章:
Objects with finalizers (those that have a non-trivial finalize() method) have significant overhead compared to objects without finalizers, and should be used sparingly. Finalizeable objects are both slower to allocate and slower to collect. At allocation time, the JVM must register any finalizeable objects with the garbage collector, and (at least in the HotSpot JVM implementation) finalizeable objects must follow a slower allocation path than most other objects. Similarly, finalizeable objects are slower to collect, too. It takes at least two garbage collection cycles (in the best case) before a finalizeable object can be reclaimed, and the garbage collector has to do extra work to invoke the finalizer. The result is more time spent allocating and collecting objects and more pressure on the garbage collector, because the memory used by unreachable finalizeable objects is retained longer. Combine that with the fact that finalizers are not guaranteed to run in any predictable timeframe, or even at all, and you can see that there are relatively few situations for which finalization is the right tool to use.
Be careful about what you do in a finalize(). Especially if you are using it for things like calling close() to ensure that resources are cleaned up. We ran into several situations where we had JNI libraries linked in to the running java code, and in any circumstances where we used finalize() to invoke JNI methods, we would get very bad java heap corruption. The corruption was not caused by the underlying JNI code itself, all of the memory traces were fine in the native libraries. It was just the fact that we were calling JNI methods from the finalize() at all.
这是JDK 1.5，它仍然在广泛使用。
直到很久以后，我们才发现出了问题，但最终罪魁祸首始终是使用JNI调用的finalize()方法。
