假设您在Java中有一个链表结构。它由节点组成:

class Node {
    Node next;
    // some user data
}

每个节点都指向下一个节点,除了最后一个节点,它的next为空。假设有一种可能性,列表可以包含一个循环-即最后的节点,而不是有一个空值,有一个引用到列表中它之前的一个节点。

最好的写作方式是什么

boolean hasLoop(Node first)

如果给定的节点是带有循环的列表的第一个,则返回true,否则返回false ?你怎么能写出一个常数的空间和合理的时间呢?

下面是一个带有循环的列表的图片:


当前回答

boolean hasCycle(Node head) {

    boolean dec = false;
    Node first = head;
    Node sec = head;
    while(first != null && sec != null)
    {
        first = first.next;
        sec = sec.next.next;
        if(first == sec )
        {
            dec = true;
            break;
        }

    }
        return dec;
}

使用上述函数在java中检测linkedlist中的循环。

其他回答

 // To detect whether a circular loop exists in a linked list
public boolean findCircularLoop() {
    Node slower, faster;
    slower = head;
    faster = head.next; // start faster one node ahead
    while (true) {

        // if the faster pointer encounters a NULL element
        if (faster == null || faster.next == null)
            return false;
        // if faster pointer ever equals slower or faster's next
        // pointer is ever equal to slower then it's a circular list
        else if (slower == faster || slower == faster.next)
            return true;
        else {
            // advance the pointers
            slower = slower.next;
            faster = faster.next.next;
        }
    }
}

这是我在java中的解决方案

boolean detectLoop(Node head){
    Node fastRunner = head;
    Node slowRunner = head;
    while(fastRunner != null && slowRunner !=null && fastRunner.next != null){
        fastRunner = fastRunner.next.next;
        slowRunner = slowRunner.next;
        if(fastRunner == slowRunner){
            return true;
        }
    }
    return false;
}

我可能会非常晚和新的处理这个线程。但还是. .

为什么不能将节点的地址和“下一个”节点指向存储在表中

如果我们可以这样做

node present: (present node addr) (next node address)

node 1: addr1: 0x100 addr2: 0x200 ( no present node address till this point had 0x200)
node 2: addr2: 0x200 addr3: 0x300 ( no present node address till this point had 0x300)
node 3: addr3: 0x300 addr4: 0x400 ( no present node address till this point had 0x400)
node 4: addr4: 0x400 addr5: 0x500 ( no present node address till this point had 0x500)
node 5: addr5: 0x500 addr6: 0x600 ( no present node address till this point had 0x600)
node 6: addr6: 0x600 addr4: 0x400 ( ONE present node address till this point had 0x400)

这样就形成了一个循环。

这段代码经过优化,将比选择的最佳答案更快地产生结果。这段代码避免了进入一个非常长的追逐向前和向后节点指针的过程,如果我们遵循'最佳答案'方法,在以下情况下将发生这种情况。看一下下面的演练,你就会明白我想说的是什么。然后通过下面给出的方法来观察问题,并测量否。为了找到答案所采取的步骤。

1 - > 2 - > 9 - > 3 ^ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - ^

代码如下:

boolean loop(node *head)
{
 node *back=head;
 node *front=head;

 while(front && front->next)
 {
  front=front->next->next;
  if(back==front)
  return true;
  else
  back=back->next;
 }
return false
}
public boolean hasLoop(Node start){   
   TreeSet<Node> set = new TreeSet<Node>();
   Node lookingAt = start;

   while (lookingAt.peek() != null){
       lookingAt = lookingAt.next;

       if (set.contains(lookingAt){
           return false;
        } else {
        set.put(lookingAt);
        }

        return true;
}   
// Inside our Node class:        
public Node peek(){
   return this.next;
}

请原谅我的无知(我对Java和编程仍然相当陌生),但为什么上面的方法不能工作呢?

I guess this doesn't solve the constant space issue... but it does at least get there in a reasonable time, correct? It will only take the space of the linked list plus the space of a set with n elements (where n is the number of elements in the linked list, or the number of elements until it reaches a loop). And for time, worst-case analysis, I think, would suggest O(nlog(n)). SortedSet look-ups for contains() are log(n) (check the javadoc, but I'm pretty sure TreeSet's underlying structure is TreeMap, whose in turn is a red-black tree), and in the worst case (no loops, or loop at very end), it will have to do n look-ups.