来自Symfony的Request类 https://github.com/symfony/symfony/blob/1bd125ec4a01220878b3dbc3ec3156b073996af9/src/Symfony/Component/HttpFoundation/Request.php

const HEADER_FORWARDED = 'forwarded';
const HEADER_CLIENT_IP = 'client_ip';
const HEADER_CLIENT_HOST = 'client_host';
const HEADER_CLIENT_PROTO = 'client_proto';
const HEADER_CLIENT_PORT = 'client_port';

/**
 * Names for headers that can be trusted when
 * using trusted proxies.
 *
 * The FORWARDED header is the standard as of rfc7239.
 *
 * The other headers are non-standard, but widely used
 * by popular reverse proxies (like Apache mod_proxy or Amazon EC2).
 */
protected static $trustedHeaders = array(
    self::HEADER_FORWARDED => 'FORWARDED',
    self::HEADER_CLIENT_IP => 'X_FORWARDED_FOR',
    self::HEADER_CLIENT_HOST => 'X_FORWARDED_HOST',
    self::HEADER_CLIENT_PROTO => 'X_FORWARDED_PROTO',
    self::HEADER_CLIENT_PORT => 'X_FORWARDED_PORT',
);

/**
 * Returns the client IP addresses.
 *
 * In the returned array the most trusted IP address is first, and the
 * least trusted one last. The "real" client IP address is the last one,
 * but this is also the least trusted one. Trusted proxies are stripped.
 *
 * Use this method carefully; you should use getClientIp() instead.
 *
 * @return array The client IP addresses
 *
 * @see getClientIp()
 */
public function getClientIps()
{
    $clientIps = array();
    $ip = $this->server->get('REMOTE_ADDR');
    if (!$this->isFromTrustedProxy()) {
        return array($ip);
    }
    if (self::$trustedHeaders[self::HEADER_FORWARDED] && $this->headers->has(self::$trustedHeaders[self::HEADER_FORWARDED])) {
        $forwardedHeader = $this->headers->get(self::$trustedHeaders[self::HEADER_FORWARDED]);
        preg_match_all('{(for)=("?\[?)([a-z0-9\.:_\-/]*)}', $forwardedHeader, $matches);
        $clientIps = $matches[3];
    } elseif (self::$trustedHeaders[self::HEADER_CLIENT_IP] && $this->headers->has(self::$trustedHeaders[self::HEADER_CLIENT_IP])) {
        $clientIps = array_map('trim', explode(',', $this->headers->get(self::$trustedHeaders[self::HEADER_CLIENT_IP])));
    }
    $clientIps[] = $ip; // Complete the IP chain with the IP the request actually came from
    $firstTrustedIp = null;
    foreach ($clientIps as $key => $clientIp) {
        // Remove port (unfortunately, it does happen)
        if (preg_match('{((?:\d+\.){3}\d+)\:\d+}', $clientIp, $match)) {
            $clientIps[$key] = $clientIp = $match[1];
        }
        if (!filter_var($clientIp, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP)) {
            unset($clientIps[$key]);
        }
        if (IpUtils::checkIp($clientIp, self::$trustedProxies)) {
            unset($clientIps[$key]);
            // Fallback to this when the client IP falls into the range of trusted proxies
            if (null ===  $firstTrustedIp) {
                $firstTrustedIp = $clientIp;
            }
        }
    }
    // Now the IP chain contains only untrusted proxies and the client IP
    return $clientIps ? array_reverse($clientIps) : array($firstTrustedIp);
}

我想出了这个函数，它不简单地返回IP地址，而是一个具有IP信息的数组。

// Example usage:
$info = ip_info();
if ( $info->proxy ) {
    echo 'Your IP is ' . $info->ip;
} else {
    echo 'Your IP is ' . $info->ip . ' and your proxy is ' . $info->proxy_ip;
}

函数如下:

/**
 * Retrieves the best guess of the client's actual IP address.
 * Takes into account numerous HTTP proxy headers due to variations
 * in how different ISPs handle IP addresses in headers between hops.
 *
 * @since 1.1.3
 *
 * @return object {
 *         IP Address details
 *
 *         string $ip The users IP address (might be spoofed, if $proxy is true)
 *         bool $proxy True, if a proxy was detected
 *         string $proxy_id The proxy-server IP address
 * }
 */
function ip_info() {
    $result = (object) array(
        'ip' => $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'],
        'proxy' => false,
        'proxy_ip' => '',
    );

    /*
     * This code tries to bypass a proxy and get the actual IP address of
     * the visitor behind the proxy.
     * Warning: These values might be spoofed!
     */
    $ip_fields = array(
        'HTTP_CLIENT_IP',
        'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR',
        'HTTP_X_FORWARDED',
        'HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP',
        'HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR',
        'HTTP_FORWARDED',
        'REMOTE_ADDR',
    );
    foreach ( $ip_fields as $key ) {
        if ( array_key_exists( $key, $_SERVER ) === true ) {
            foreach ( explode( ',', $_SERVER[$key] ) as $ip ) {
                $ip = trim( $ip );

                if ( filter_var( $ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE ) !== false ) {
                    $forwarded = $ip;
                    break 2;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // If we found a different IP address then REMOTE_ADDR then it's a proxy!
    if ( $forwarded != $result->ip ) {
        $result->proxy = true;
        $result->proxy_ip = $result->ip;
        $result->ip = $forwarded;
    }

    return $result;
}

只是个VB。NET版的答案:

Private Function GetRequestIpAddress() As IPAddress
    Dim serverVariables = HttpContext.Current.Request.ServerVariables
    Dim headersKeysToCheck = {"HTTP_CLIENT_IP", _
                              "HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR", _
                              "HTTP_X_FORWARDED", _
                              "HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP", _
                              "HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR", _
                              "HTTP_FORWARDED", _
                              "REMOTE_ADDR"}
    For Each thisHeaderKey In headersKeysToCheck
        Dim thisValue = serverVariables.Item(thisHeaderKey)
        If thisValue IsNot Nothing Then
            Dim validAddress As IPAddress = Nothing
            If IPAddress.TryParse(thisValue, validAddress) Then
                Return validAddress
            End If
        End If
    Next
    Return Nothing
End Function

然而，即使这样，获取用户的真实IP地址也是不可靠的。他们所需要做的就是使用一个匿名的代理服务器(一个不尊重http_x_forwarded_for, http_forwarded等的头)，你得到的只是他们的代理服务器的IP地址。

然后，您可以查看是否有一个匿名的代理服务器IP地址列表，但没有办法确保这是100%准确的，它所做的最多是让您知道这是一个代理服务器。如果有人很聪明，他们可以欺骗HTTP转发的报头。

假设我不喜欢当地的大学。我知道他们注册了什么IP地址，然后通过做坏事让他们的IP地址在你的网站上被禁止，因为我知道你遵守HTTP转发。这样的例子不胜枚举。

然后，正如您所猜测的那样，还有内部IP地址，例如我前面提到的学院网络。很多人使用10.x.x。x格式。所以你只知道它被转发到一个共享网络。

那我就不多说了，动态IP地址已经是宽带的方式了。所以。即使你获得了一个用户IP地址，预计它最多2 - 3个月就会改变。

/**
 * Sanitizes IPv4 address according to Ilia Alshanetsky's book
 * "php|architect?s Guide to PHP Security", chapter 2, page 67.
 *
 * @param string $ip An IPv4 address
 */
public static function sanitizeIpAddress($ip = '')
{
if ($ip == '')
    {
    $rtnStr = '0.0.0.0';
    }
else
    {
    $rtnStr = long2ip(ip2long($ip));
    }

return $rtnStr;
}

//---------------------------------------------------

/**
 * Returns the sanitized HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR server variable.
 *
 */
public static function getXForwardedFor()
{
if (isset($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
    {
    $rtnStr = $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
    }
elseif (isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR']))
    {
    $rtnStr = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'];
    }
elseif (getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'))
    {
    $rtnStr = getenv('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR');
    }
else
    {
    $rtnStr = '';
    }

// Sanitize IPv4 address (Ilia Alshanetsky):
if ($rtnStr != '')
    {
    $rtnStr = explode(', ', $rtnStr);
    $rtnStr = self::sanitizeIpAddress($rtnStr[0]);
    }

return $rtnStr;
}

//---------------------------------------------------

/**
 * Returns the sanitized REMOTE_ADDR server variable.
 *
 */
public static function getRemoteAddr()
{
if (isset($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']))
    {
    $rtnStr = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
    }
elseif (isset($HTTP_SERVER_VARS['REMOTE_ADDR']))
    {
    $rtnStr = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['REMOTE_ADDR'];
    }
elseif (getenv('REMOTE_ADDR'))
    {
    $rtnStr = getenv('REMOTE_ADDR');
    }
else
    {
    $rtnStr = '';
    }

// Sanitize IPv4 address (Ilia Alshanetsky):
if ($rtnStr != '')
    {
    $rtnStr = explode(', ', $rtnStr);
    $rtnStr = self::sanitizeIpAddress($rtnStr[0]);
    }

return $rtnStr;
}

//---------------------------------------------------

/**
 * Returns the sanitized remote user and proxy IP addresses.
 *
 */
public static function getIpAndProxy()
{
$xForwarded = self::getXForwardedFor();
$remoteAddr = self::getRemoteAddr();

if ($xForwarded != '')
    {
    $ip    = $xForwarded;
    $proxy = $remoteAddr;
    }
else
    {
    $ip    = $remoteAddr;
    $proxy = '';
    }

return array($ip, $proxy);
}

我知道现在回答已经太晚了。但是你可以试试这些方法:

选项1:(使用curl)

$ch = curl_init();

// set URL and other appropriate options
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "https://ifconfig.me/");
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

// grab URL and pass it to the browser
$ip = curl_exec($ch);

// close cURL resource, and free up system resources
curl_close($ch);

return $ip;

选项2:(适用于mac)

return trim(shell_exec("dig +short myip.opendns.com @resolver1.opendns.com"));

选项3:(只是使用了一个技巧)

return str_replace('Current IP CheckCurrent IP Address: ', '', strip_tags(file_get_contents('http://checkip.dyndns.com')));

可以作为参考: https://www.tecmint.com/find-linux-server-public-ip-address/