在PK列中使用整数有两个原因:

我们可以为自动递增的整数字段设置标识。 当我们创建pk时，db会创建一个索引(Cluster或Non Cluster)，在数据存储到表之前对其进行排序。通过在PK上使用标识，优化器在保存记录之前不需要检查排序顺序。这提高了大表的性能。

在PK列中使用整数有两个原因:

我们可以为自动递增的整数字段设置标识。 当我们创建pk时，db会创建一个索引(Cluster或Non Cluster)，在数据存储到表之前对其进行排序。通过在PK上使用标识，优化器在保存记录之前不需要检查排序顺序。这提高了大表的性能。

Technically yes, but if a string makes sense to be the primary key then you should probably use it. This all depends on the size of the table you're making it for and the length of the string that is going to be the primary key (longer strings == harder to compare). I wouldn't necessarily use a string for a table that has millions of rows, but the amount of performance slowdown you'll get by using a string on smaller tables will be minuscule to the headaches that you can have by having an integer that doesn't mean anything in relation to the data.

使用什么作为主键并不重要，只要它是UNIQUE即可。如果您关心速度或良好的数据库设计，请使用int型，除非您计划复制数据，否则请使用GUID。

如果这是一个访问数据库或一些小应用程序，那么谁真的在乎。我认为，我们大多数开发人员之所以把旧的int或guid放在前面，是因为我们有一种方式来发展项目，并且您希望给自己留下发展的选择。

Inserts to a table having a clustered index where the insertion occurs in the middle of the sequence DOES NOT cause the index to be rewritten. It does not cause the pages comprising the data to be rewritten. If there is room on the page where the row will go, then it is placed in that page. The single page will be reformatted to place the row in the right place in the page. When the page is full, a page split will happen, with half of the rows on the page going to one page, and half going on the other. The pages are then relinked into the linked list of pages that comprise a tables data that has the clustered index. At most, you will end up writing 2 pages of database.

从性能的角度来看-与使用整数(PK)实现的性能相比，Yes字符串(PK)将降低性能，其中PK—>主键。

From requirement standpoint - Although this is not a part of your question still I would like to mention. When we are handling huge data across different tables we generally look for the probable set of keys that can be set for a particular table. This is primarily because there are many tables and mostly each or some table would be related to the other through some relation ( a concept of Foreign Key ). Therefore we really cannot always choose an integer as a Primary Key, rather we go for a combination of 3, 4 or 5 attributes as the primary key for that tables. And those keys can be used as a foreign key when we would relate the records with some other table. This makes it useful to relate the records across different tables when required.

因此，为了优化使用-我们总是将1或2个具有1或2个字符串属性的整数组合在一起，但同样只是在需要时才这样做。