我想测量执行一个函数所花费的时间。我没时间工作:

import timeit
start = timeit.timeit()
print("hello")
end = timeit.timeit()
print(end - start)

当前回答

在python3上:

from time import sleep, perf_counter as pc
t0 = pc()
sleep(1)
print(pc()-t0)

优雅而短小。

其他回答

我们还可以将时间转换为人类可读的时间。

import time, datetime

start = time.clock()

def num_multi1(max):
    result = 0
    for num in range(0, 1000):
        if (num % 3 == 0 or num % 5 == 0):
            result += num

    print "Sum is %d " % result

num_multi1(1000)

end = time.clock()
value = end - start
timestamp = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(value)
print timestamp.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

使用探查器模块。它提供了非常详细的概况。

import profile
profile.run('main()')

它输出类似于:

          5 function calls in 0.047 seconds

   Ordered by: standard name

   ncalls  tottime  percall  cumtime  percall filename:lineno(function)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 :0(exec)
        1    0.047    0.047    0.047    0.047 :0(setprofile)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 <string>:1(<module>)
        0    0.000             0.000          profile:0(profiler)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.047    0.047 profile:0(main())
        1    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 two_sum.py:2(twoSum)

我发现它很有启发性。

这是另一种方法:

>> from pytictoc import TicToc
>> t = TicToc() # create TicToc instance
>> t.tic() # Start timer
>> # do something
>> t.toc() # Print elapsed time
Elapsed time is 2.612231 seconds.

与传统方式相比:

>> from time import time
>> t1 = time()
>> # do something
>> t2 = time()
>> elapsed = t2 - t1
>> print('Elapsed time is %f seconds.' % elapsed)
Elapsed time is 2.612231 seconds.

安装:

pip install pytictoc

有关详细信息,请参阅PyPi页面。

以下是一个答案,使用:

对代码片段进行计时的简洁上下文管理器time.perf_counter()计算时间增量。与time.time()相反,它是不可调整的(sysadmin和守护程序都不能更改其值),因此应该首选它(参见文档)python3.10+(因为键入,但可以很容易地适应以前的版本)

import time
from contextlib import contextmanager
from typing import Iterator

@contextmanager
def time_it() -> Iterator[None]:
    tic: float = time.perf_counter()
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        toc: float = time.perf_counter()
        print(f"Computation time = {1000*(toc - tic):.3f}ms")

如何使用它的示例:

# Example: vector dot product computation
with time_it():
    A = B = range(1000000)
    dot = sum(a*b for a,b in zip(A,B))
# Computation time = 95.353ms

附录

import time

# to check adjustability
assert time.get_clock_info('time').adjustable
assert time.get_clock_info('perf_counter').adjustable is False

如果您想方便地对函数计时,可以使用一个简单的修饰符:

import time

def timing_decorator(func):
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        start = time.perf_counter()
        original_return_val = func(*args, **kwargs)
        end = time.perf_counter()
        print("time elapsed in ", func.__name__, ": ", end - start, sep='')
        return original_return_val

    return wrapper

您可以在您希望计时的函数上使用它,如下所示:

@timing_decorator
def function_to_time():
    time.sleep(1)

function_to_time()

无论何时调用function_to_time,它都会打印所用的时间和正在计时的函数的名称。