如何将整个MySQL数据库字符集转换为UTF-8和排序为UTF-8?
当前回答
如果你不能让你的表转换,或者你的表总是设置为一些非utf8字符集,但你想要utf8,你最好的办法可能是擦掉它,重新开始,并显式地指定:
create database database_name character set utf8;
其他回答
你可以创建sql来更新所有的表:
SELECT CONCAT("ALTER TABLE ",TABLE_SCHEMA,".",TABLE_NAME," CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; ",
"ALTER TABLE ",TABLE_SCHEMA,".",TABLE_NAME," CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci; ")
AS alter_sql
FROM information_schema.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = "your_database_name";
捕获输出并运行它。
阿诺德•丹尼尔斯(Arnold Daniels)的回答更为优雅。
在命令行shell上
如果你是一个命令行shell,你可以非常快地做到这一点。只需填写“dbname”:D
DB="dbname"
(
echo 'ALTER DATABASE `'"$DB"'` CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;'
mysql "$DB" -e "SHOW TABLES" --batch --skip-column-names \
| xargs -I{} echo 'ALTER TABLE `'{}'` CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;'
) \
| mysql "$DB"
简单复制/粘贴的一行程序
DB="dbname"; ( echo 'ALTER DATABASE `'"$DB"'` CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;'; mysql "$DB" -e "SHOW TABLES" --batch --skip-column-names | xargs -I{} echo 'ALTER TABLE `'{}'` CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;' ) | mysql "$DB"
对于有大量表的数据库,你可以使用一个简单的php脚本来更新数据库和所有表的字符集,使用以下方法:
$conn = mysqli_connect($host, $username, $password, $database);
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
$alter_database_charset_sql = "ALTER DATABASE ".$database." CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci";
mysqli_query($conn, $alter_database_charset_sql);
$show_tables_result = mysqli_query($conn, "SHOW TABLES");
$tables = mysqli_fetch_all($show_tables_result);
foreach ($tables as $index => $table) {
$alter_table_sql = "ALTER TABLE ".$table[0]." CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci";
$alter_table_result = mysqli_query($conn, $alter_table_sql);
echo "<pre>";
var_dump($alter_table_result);
echo "</pre>";
}
如果你不能让你的表转换,或者你的表总是设置为一些非utf8字符集,但你想要utf8,你最好的办法可能是擦掉它,重新开始,并显式地指定:
create database database_name character set utf8;
对我来说唯一有效的解决方案是:http://docs.moodle.org/23/en/Converting_your_MySQL_database_to_UTF8
转换包含表的数据库
mysqldump -uusername -ppassword -c -e --default-character-set=utf8 --single-transaction --skip-set-charset --add-drop-database -B dbname > dump.sql
cp dump.sql dump-fixed.sql
vim dump-fixed.sql
:%s/DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1/DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci/
:%s/DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1/DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8/
:wq
mysql -uusername -ppassword < dump-fixed.sql