这个powershell方法从多个源获取msBuild的路径。按顺序尝试:

首先使用vwhere(因为Visual Studio似乎有更多最新版本的msBuild)。 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe 如果没有发现尝试注册表(框架版本)。 C:\Windows\ Microsoft.NET \ Framework64 \ v4.0.30319 \ msbuild.exe

Powershell代码:

Function GetMsBuildPath {

    Function GetMsBuildPathFromVswhere {
        # Based on https://github.com/microsoft/vswhere/wiki/Find-MSBuild/62adac8eb22431fa91d94e03503d76d48a74939c
        $vswhere = "${env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Microsoft Visual Studio\Installer\vswhere.exe"
        $path = & $vswhere -latest -prerelease -products * -requires Microsoft.Component.MSBuild -property installationPath
        if ($path) {
            $tool = join-path $path 'MSBuild\Current\Bin\MSBuild.exe'
            if (test-path $tool) {
                return $tool
            }
            $tool = join-path $path 'MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe'
            if (test-path $tool) {
                return $tool
            }
        }
    }

    Function GetMsBuildPathFromRegistry {
        # Based on Martin Brandl's answer: https://stackoverflow.com/a/57214958/146513
        $msBuildDir = Get-ChildItem 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSBuild\ToolsVersions\' |
            Get-ItemProperty -Name MSBuildToolsPath |
            Sort-Object PSChildName |
            Select-Object -ExpandProperty MSBuildToolsPath -last 1
        $msBuildPath = join-path $msBuildDir 'msbuild.exe'
        if (test-path $msBuildPath) {
            return $msBuildPath
        }
    }

    $msBuildPath = GetMsBuildPathFromVswhere
    if (-Not $msBuildPath) {
        $msBuildPath = GetMsBuildPathFromRegistry
    }
    return $msBuildPath
}

你也可以把MSBuild.exe的路径打印到命令行:

reg.exe query "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSBuild\ToolsVersions\4.0" /v MSBuildToolsPath

获取最新版本的MsBuild。 最好的方法，对于所有类型的msbuild安装，不同的处理器架构(Power Shell):

function Get-MsBuild-Path
{
    $msbuildPathes = $null
    $ptrSize = [System.IntPtr]::Size
    switch ($ptrSize) {
        4 {
            $msbuildPathes =
            @(Resolve-Path "${Env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Microsoft Visual Studio\*\*\MSBuild\*\Bin\msbuild.exe" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) +
            @(Resolve-Path "${Env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\MSBuild\*\Bin\MSBuild.exe" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) +
            @(Resolve-Path "${Env:windir}\Microsoft.NET\Framework\*\MSBuild.exe" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
        }
        8 {
            $msbuildPathes =
            @(Resolve-Path "${Env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\Microsoft Visual Studio\*\*\MSBuild\*\Bin\amd64\msbuild.exe" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) +
            @(Resolve-Path "${Env:ProgramFiles(x86)}\MSBuild\*\Bin\amd64\MSBuild.exe" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) +
            @(Resolve-Path "${Env:windir}\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\*\MSBuild.exe" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)
        }
        default {
            throw ($msgs.error_unknown_pointersize -f $ptrSize)
        }
    }

    $latestMSBuildPath = $null
    $latestVersion = $null
    foreach ($msbuildFile in $msbuildPathes)
    {
        $msbuildPath = $msbuildFile.Path
        $versionOutput = & $msbuildPath -version
        $fileVersion = (New-Object System.Version($versionOutput[$versionOutput.Length - 1]))
        if (!$latestVersion -or $latestVersion -lt $fileVersion)
        {
            $latestVersion = $fileVersion
            $latestMSBuildPath = $msbuildPath
        }
    }

    Write-Host "MSBuild version detected: $latestVersion" -Foreground Yellow
    Write-Host "MSBuild path: $latestMSBuildPath" -Foreground Yellow

    return $latestMSBuildPath;
}

有很多正确答案。然而，这里是我在PowerShell中使用的一行程序来确定最新版本的MSBuild路径:

Get-ChildItem 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSBuild\ToolsVersions\' | 
    Get-ItemProperty -Name MSBuildToolsPath | 
    Sort-Object PSChildName | 
    Select-Object -ExpandProperty MSBuildToolsPath -first 1

在Windows 2003及更高版本上，在cmd中键入以下命令:

cmd> where MSBuild
Sample result: C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\MSBuild.exe

如果没有显示，则意味着. net框架没有包含在系统PATH中。MSBuild应该和。net编译器(vbc.exe, csc.exe)一起放在。net安装文件夹中。

对于Windows 7中的cmd shell脚本，我在批处理文件中使用以下片段来查找. net Framework版本4中的MSBuild.exe。我假设版本4存在，但不假设是子版本。这不是完全通用的，但对于快速脚本来说可能是有帮助的:

set msbuild.exe=
for /D %%D in (%SYSTEMROOT%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4*) do set msbuild.exe=%%D\MSBuild.exe

对于我的使用，我退出批处理文件的错误，如果这不起作用:

if not defined msbuild.exe echo error: can't find MSBuild.exe & goto :eof
if not exist "%msbuild.exe%" echo error: %msbuild.exe%: not found & goto :eof