有很多正确答案。然而，这里是我在PowerShell中使用的一行程序来确定最新版本的MSBuild路径:

Get-ChildItem 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSBuild\ToolsVersions\' | 
    Get-ItemProperty -Name MSBuildToolsPath | 
    Sort-Object PSChildName | 
    Select-Object -ExpandProperty MSBuildToolsPath -first 1

从MSBuild 2017 (v15)开始，MSBuild现在安装在每个Visual Studio版本下的文件夹中

以下是在我的机器上找到MSBuild.exe的一些例子:

C:\windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\MSBuild.exe  (v2.0.50727.8745  32-bit)
C:\windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v2.0.50727\MSBuild.exe  (v2.0.50727.8745  64-bit)
C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v3.5\MSBuild.exe  (v3.5.30729.8763 32-bit)
C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v3.5\MSBuild.exe  (v3.5.30729.8763 64-bit)
C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\MSBuild.exe  (v4.7.2053.0 32-bit)
C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\MSBuild.exe  (v4.7.2053.0 64-bit)
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\12.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe  (v12.0.21005.1 32-bit)
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\12.0\Bin\amd64\MSBuild.exe (v12.0.21005.1 64-bit)
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\14.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe  (v14.0.25420.1 32-bit)
C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\14.0\Bin\amd64\MSBuild.exe  (v14.0.25420.1 64-bit)
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe  (v15.1.1012+g251a9aec17 32-bit)
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\BuildTools\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\amd64\MSBuild.exe (v15.1.1012+g251a9aec17 64-bit)
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\{LicenceName}\MSBuild\Bin\MSBuild.exe (v15.1.1012.6693 32-bit)
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\{LicenceName}\MSBuild\Bin\amd64\MSBuild.exe (v15.1.1012.6693 64-bit)

这适用于Visual Studio 2015和2017:

function Get-MSBuild-Path {

    $vs14key = "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSBuild\ToolsVersions\14.0"
    $vs15key = "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\wow6432node\Microsoft\VisualStudio\SxS\VS7"

    $msbuildPath = ""

    if (Test-Path $vs14key) {
        $key = Get-ItemProperty $vs14key
        $subkey = $key.MSBuildToolsPath
        if ($subkey) {
            $msbuildPath = Join-Path $subkey "msbuild.exe"
        }
    }

    if (Test-Path $vs15key) {
        $key = Get-ItemProperty $vs15key
        $subkey = $key."15.0"
        if ($subkey) {
            $msbuildPath = Join-Path $subkey "MSBuild\15.0\bin\amd64\msbuild.exe"
        }
    }

    return $msbuildPath

}

本处地点

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSBuild\ToolsVersions\2.0
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSBuild\ToolsVersions\3.5

给出可执行文件的位置。

但如果你需要保存任务扩展的位置，它是打开的

%ProgramFiles%\MSBuild

为https://github.com/linqpadless/LinqPadless/blob/master/build.cmd添加vwhere分支，在我的计算机上运行良好，vwhere分支在我伴侣的计算机上运行良好。 也许，vswhere分支应该作为第一个检查向前移动。

@echo off
setlocal
if "%PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%"=="x86" set PROGRAMS=%ProgramFiles%
if defined ProgramFiles(x86) set PROGRAMS=%ProgramFiles(x86)%
for %%e in (Community Professional Enterprise) do (
    if exist "%PROGRAMS%\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\%%e\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe" (
        set "MSBUILD=%PROGRAMS%\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\%%e\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe"
    )
)
if exist "%MSBUILD%" goto :build

for /f "usebackq tokens=1* delims=: " %%i in (`"%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft Visual Studio\Installer\vswhere.exe" -latest -requires Microsoft.Component.MSBuild`) do (
  if /i "%%i"=="installationPath" set InstallDir=%%j
)

if exist "%InstallDir%\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe" (
  set "MSBUILD=%InstallDir%\MSBuild\15.0\Bin\MSBuild.exe"
)
if exist "%MSBUILD%" goto :build
set MSBUILD=
for %%i in (MSBuild.exe) do set MSBUILD=%%~dpnx$PATH:i
if not defined MSBUILD goto :nomsbuild
set MSBUILD_VERSION_MAJOR=
set MSBUILD_VERSION_MINOR=
for /f "delims=. tokens=1,2,3,4" %%m in ('msbuild /version /nologo') do (
    set MSBUILD_VERSION_MAJOR=%%m
    set MSBUILD_VERSION_MINOR=%%n
)
echo %MSBUILD_VERSION_MAJOR% %MSBUILD_VERSION_MINOR%
if not defined MSBUILD_VERSION_MAJOR goto :nomsbuild
if not defined MSBUILD_VERSION_MINOR goto :nomsbuild
if %MSBUILD_VERSION_MAJOR% lss 15    goto :nomsbuild
if %MSBUILD_VERSION_MINOR% lss 1     goto :nomsbuild
:restore
for %%i in (NuGet.exe) do set nuget=%%~dpnx$PATH:i
if "%nuget%"=="" (
    echo WARNING! NuGet executable not found in PATH so build may fail!
    echo For more on NuGet, see https://github.com/nuget/home
)
pushd "%~dp0"
popd
goto :EOF

:build
setlocal
"%MSBUILD%" -restore -maxcpucount %1 /p:Configuration=%2 /v:m %3 %4 %5 %6 %7 %8 %9
goto :EOF

:nomsbuild
echo Microsoft Build version 15.1 (or later) does not appear to be
echo installed on this machine, which is required to build the solution.
exit /b 1

最简单的方法可能是打开PowerShell并进入

dir HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSBuild\ToolsVersions\