如何在c#中计算两个日期之间的月差?

c#中是否有相当于VB的DateDiff()方法。我需要找出相隔数年的两个日期之间的月差。文档说我可以像这样使用TimeSpan:

TimeSpan ts = date1 - date2;

但这里的数据是以天为单位的。我不想把这个数字除以30,因为不是每个月都是30天,而且两个操作数的值相差很大,所以我担心除以30可能会得到错误的值。

有什么建议吗?


当前回答

如果您想要完整月份的确切数目,总是正的(2000-01-15,2000-02-14返回0),则考虑完整月份是当您到达下个月的同一天时(类似于年龄计算)

public static int GetMonthsBetween(DateTime from, DateTime to)
{
    if (from > to) return GetMonthsBetween(to, from);

    var monthDiff = Math.Abs((to.Year * 12 + (to.Month - 1)) - (from.Year * 12 + (from.Month - 1)));

    if (from.AddMonths(monthDiff) > to || to.Day < from.Day)
    {
        return monthDiff - 1;
    }
    else
    {
        return monthDiff;
    }
}

编辑原因:旧代码在某些情况下不正确,如:

new { From = new DateTime(1900, 8, 31), To = new DateTime(1901, 8, 30), Result = 11 },

Test cases I used to test the function:

var tests = new[]
{
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1), To = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1), Result = 0 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1), To = new DateTime(1900, 1, 2), Result = 0 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 1, 2), To = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1), Result = 0 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1), To = new DateTime(1900, 2, 1), Result = 1 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 2, 1), To = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1), Result = 1 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 1, 31), To = new DateTime(1900, 2, 1), Result = 0 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 8, 31), To = new DateTime(1900, 9, 30), Result = 0 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 8, 31), To = new DateTime(1900, 10, 1), Result = 1 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1), To = new DateTime(1901, 1, 1), Result = 12 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 1, 1), To = new DateTime(1911, 1, 1), Result = 132 },
    new { From = new DateTime(1900, 8, 31), To = new DateTime(1901, 8, 30), Result = 11 },
};

其他回答

如果你只关心月份和年份,想要触及两个日期(例如你想要从JAN/2021到AGO/2022),你可以使用这个:

int numberOfMonths= (Year2 > Year1 ? ( Year2 - Year1 - 1) * 12 + (12 - Month1) + Month2 + 1 : Month2 - Month1 + 1); 

例子:

Year1/Month1: 2021/10   
Year2/Month2: 2022/08   
numberOfMonths = 11;

或者同年:

Year1/Month1: 2021/10   
Year2/Month2: 2021/12   
numberOfMonths = 3;

如果你只想触碰其中一个,就去掉两个+ 1。

你可以有一个这样的函数。

例如,从2012/12/27到2012/12/29变成3天。同样,从2012/12/15到2013/01/15变成了2个月,因为到2013/01/14是1个月。从15号开始是第二个月。

如果您不想在计算中包括这两天,则可以删除第二个if条件中的“=”。即从2012/12/15到2013/01/15为1个月。

public int GetMonths(DateTime startDate, DateTime endDate)
{
    if (startDate > endDate)
    {
        throw new Exception("Start Date is greater than the End Date");
    }

    int months = ((endDate.Year * 12) + endDate.Month) - ((startDate.Year * 12) + startDate.Month);

    if (endDate.Day >= startDate.Day)
    {
        months++;
    }

    return months;
}

扩展的Kirks结构与ToString(格式)和持续时间(长ms)

 public struct DateTimeSpan
{
    private readonly int years;
    private readonly int months;
    private readonly int days;
    private readonly int hours;
    private readonly int minutes;
    private readonly int seconds;
    private readonly int milliseconds;

    public DateTimeSpan(int years, int months, int days, int hours, int minutes, int seconds, int milliseconds)
    {
        this.years = years;
        this.months = months;
        this.days = days;
        this.hours = hours;
        this.minutes = minutes;
        this.seconds = seconds;
        this.milliseconds = milliseconds;
    }

    public int Years { get { return years; } }
    public int Months { get { return months; } }
    public int Days { get { return days; } }
    public int Hours { get { return hours; } }
    public int Minutes { get { return minutes; } }
    public int Seconds { get { return seconds; } }
    public int Milliseconds { get { return milliseconds; } }

    enum Phase { Years, Months, Days, Done }


    public string ToString(string format)
    {
        format = format.Replace("YYYY", Years.ToString());
        format = format.Replace("MM", Months.ToString());
        format = format.Replace("DD", Days.ToString());
        format = format.Replace("hh", Hours.ToString());
        format = format.Replace("mm", Minutes.ToString());
        format = format.Replace("ss", Seconds.ToString());
        format = format.Replace("ms", Milliseconds.ToString());
        return format;
    }


    public static DateTimeSpan Duration(long ms)
    {
        DateTime dt = new DateTime();
        return CompareDates(dt, dt.AddMilliseconds(ms));
    }


    public static DateTimeSpan CompareDates(DateTime date1, DateTime date2)
    {
        if (date2 < date1)
        {
            var sub = date1;
            date1 = date2;
            date2 = sub;
        }

        DateTime current = date1;
        int years = 0;
        int months = 0;
        int days = 0;

        Phase phase = Phase.Years;
        DateTimeSpan span = new DateTimeSpan();

        while (phase != Phase.Done)
        {
            switch (phase)
            {
                case Phase.Years:
                    if (current.AddYears(years + 1) > date2)
                    {
                        phase = Phase.Months;
                        current = current.AddYears(years);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        years++;
                    }
                    break;
                case Phase.Months:
                    if (current.AddMonths(months + 1) > date2)
                    {
                        phase = Phase.Days;
                        current = current.AddMonths(months);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        months++;
                    }
                    break;
                case Phase.Days:
                    if (current.AddDays(days + 1) > date2)
                    {
                        current = current.AddDays(days);
                        var timespan = date2 - current;
                        span = new DateTimeSpan(years, months, days, timespan.Hours, timespan.Minutes, timespan.Seconds, timespan.Milliseconds);
                        phase = Phase.Done;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        days++;
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }

        return span;
    }
}

我当时在做一个项目,只需要几年和几个月。

/// <summary>
/// Get the total months between two date.  This will count whole months and not care about the day.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="firstDate">First date.</param>
/// <param name="lastDate">Last date.</param>
/// <returns>Number of month apart.</returns>
private static int GetTotalMonths(DateOnly firstDate, DateOnly lastDate)
{
    int yearsApart = lastDate.Year - firstDate.Year;
    int monthsApart = lastDate.Month - firstDate.Month;
    return (yearsApart * 12) + monthsApart;
}

private static int GetTotalMonths(DateTime firstDate, DateTime lastDate)
{
    return GetTotalMonths(DateOnly.FromDateTime(firstDate), DateOnly.FromDateTime(lastDate));
}
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {

        label3.Text = new DateDifference(Convert.ToDateTime("2018-09-13"), Convert.ToDateTime("2018-11-15")).ToString();
        label2.Text = new DateDifference(Convert.ToDateTime("2018-10-12"), Convert.ToDateTime("2018-11-15")).ToString();

        DateDifference oDateDifference = new DateDifference(Convert.ToDateTime("2018-11-12"));
       label1.Text  =   oDateDifference.ToString();

    }
}




public class DateDifference
{
    public DateTime start { get; set; }
    public DateTime currentDAte { get; set; }
    public DateTime origstart { get; set; }
    public DateTime origCurrentDAte { get; set; }

    int days { get; set; }
    int months { get; set; }
    int years { get; set; }

    public DateDifference(DateTime postedDate, DateTime currentDAte)
    {
        this.start = this.removeTime(postedDate);
        this.currentDAte = this.removeTime(currentDAte);
        this.origstart = postedDate;
        this.origCurrentDAte = currentDAte;

    }

    public DateDifference(DateTime postedDate)
    {
        DateTime currentDate_ = DateTime.Now;
        this.start = this.removeTime(postedDate);
        this.currentDAte = this.removeTime(currentDate_);
        this.origstart = postedDate;
        this.origCurrentDAte = currentDate_;
        if (start > this.currentDAte)
        {
            throw new Exception("Current date is greater than date posted");
        }
        this.compute();
    }

    void compute()
    {
        while (this.start.Year <= this.currentDAte.Year)
        {
            if (this.start.Year <= this.currentDAte.Year && (this.start.AddMonths(1) <= this.currentDAte))
            {
                ++this.months;
                this.start = this.start.AddMonths(1);
            }

            if ((this.start.Year == this.currentDAte.Year) && (this.start >= this.currentDAte.AddMonths(-1) && this.start <= this.currentDAte))
            {
                break;
            }
        }

        while (this.start.DayOfYear < this.currentDAte.DayOfYear)
        {
            ++this.days;
            this.start = start.AddDays(1);
        }

        if (this.months > 11)
        {
            while (this.months > 11)
            {
                ++this.years;
                this.months = months - 12;
            }
        }

    }


    public override string ToString()
    {
        if (this.start > this.currentDAte)
        {
            throw new Exception("Current date is greater than date posted");
        }
        String ret = this.ComposeTostring();
        this.reset();
        return ret;
    }

    private String ComposeTostring()
    {
        this.compute();
        if (this.years > 0)
        {
            if (this.months > 0)
            {
                if (this.days > 0)
                {
                    return String.Format("{0} year{1}, {2} month{3} && {4} Day{5} ago", this.years, plural(this.years), this.months, plural(this.months), this.days, plural(this.days));
                }
                return String.Format("{0} year{1}, {2} month{3} ago", this.years, plural(this.years), this.months, plural(this.months));
            }
            else
            {
                if (this.days > 0)
                {
                    return String.Format("{0} year{1},{2} day{3} ago", this.years, plural(this.years), this.days, plural(this.days));
                }

                return String.Format("{0} year{1} ago", this.years, plural(this.years));

            }
        }

        if (this.months > 0)
        {
            if (this.days > 0)
            {
                return String.Format("{0} month{1}, {2} day{3} ago", this.months, plural(this.months), this.days, plural(this.days));
            }
            else
            {
                return String.Format("{0} month{1} ago", this.months, plural(this.months));
            }
        }

        if ((this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Days > 0)
        {
            int daysDiff = (this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Days;
            this.origstart = this.origstart.AddDays(daysDiff);
            int HoursDiff = (this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Hours;
            return String.Format("{0} day{1}, {2} hour{3} ago", daysDiff, plural(daysDiff), HoursDiff, plural(HoursDiff));

        }
        else if ((this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Hours > 0)
        {
            int HoursDiff = (this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Hours;
            this.origstart = this.origstart.AddHours(HoursDiff);
            int MinDiff = (this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Minutes;
            return String.Format("{0} hour{1}, {2} minute{3} ago", HoursDiff, plural(HoursDiff), MinDiff, plural(MinDiff));
        }
        else if ((this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Minutes > 0)
        {

            int MinDiff = (this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Minutes;
            this.origstart = this.origstart.AddMinutes(MinDiff);
            int SecDiff = (this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Seconds;
            return String.Format("{0} minute{1}, {2} second{3} ago", MinDiff, plural(MinDiff), SecDiff, plural(SecDiff));
        }
        else if ((this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Seconds > 0)
        {
            int sec = (this.origCurrentDAte - this.origstart).Seconds;
            return String.Format("{0} second{1}", sec, plural(sec));
        }

        return "";
    }

    String plural(int val)
    {
        return (val > 1 ? "s" : String.Empty);
    }

    DateTime removeTime(DateTime dtime)
    {
        dtime = dtime.AddHours(-dtime.Hour);
        dtime = dtime.AddMinutes(-dtime.Minute);
        dtime = dtime.AddSeconds(-dtime.Second);
        return dtime;
    }

    public void reset()
    {

        this.days = 0;
        this.months = 0;
        this.years = 0;
        this.start = DateTime.MinValue;
        this.currentDAte = DateTime.MinValue;
        this.origstart = DateTime.MinValue;
        this.origCurrentDAte = DateTime.MinValue;
    }
}