django扩展有一个带参数print-sql的命令shell_plus

./manage.py shell_plus --print-sql

在django-shell中，所有执行的查询都会被打印出来

Ex.:

User.objects.get(pk=1)
SELECT "auth_user"."id",
       "auth_user"."password",
       "auth_user"."last_login",
       "auth_user"."is_superuser",
       "auth_user"."username",
       "auth_user"."first_name",
       "auth_user"."last_name",
       "auth_user"."email",
       "auth_user"."is_staff",
       "auth_user"."is_active",
       "auth_user"."date_joined"
FROM "auth_user"
WHERE "auth_user"."id" = 1

Execution time: 0.002466s [Database: default]

<User: username>

我已经做了一个你可以使用的小片段:

from django.conf import settings
from django.db import connection


def sql_echo(method, *args, **kwargs):
    settings.DEBUG = True
    result = method(*args, **kwargs)
    for query in connection.queries:
        print(query)
    return result


# HOW TO USE EXAMPLE:
# 
# result = sql_echo(my_method, 'whatever', show=True)

它以参数函数(包含sql查询)来检查和args, kwargs需要调用该函数。结果它返回函数返回的内容，并在控制台中打印SQL查询。

查询实际上嵌入在模型API中:

q = Query.objects.values('val1','val2','val_etc')

print(q.query)

请参阅文档常见问题:“如何查看Django正在运行的原始SQL查询?”

django.db.connection.queries包含一个SQL查询列表:

from django.db import connection
print(connection.queries)

queryset也有一个包含要执行的查询的query属性:

print(MyModel.objects.filter(name="my name").query)

注意，查询的输出不是有效的SQL，因为:

Django从未真正插入参数:它将查询和参数分别发送到数据库适配器，由数据库适配器执行适当的操作。

来自Django错误报告#17741。

因此，不应该将查询输出直接发送到数据库。

如果你需要重置查询，例如，查看在给定的时间内有多少查询在运行，你可以使用reset_queries from django.db:

from django.db import reset_queries
from django.db import connection

reset_queries()
# Run your query here
print(connection.queries)
>>> []

从django获取查询结果到数据库(使用正确的参数替换) 你可以使用这个函数:

from django.db import connection

def print_database_query_formatted(query):
    sql, params = query.sql_with_params()
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    cursor.execute('EXPLAIN ' + sql, params)
    db_query = cursor.db.ops.last_executed_query(cursor, sql, params).replace('EXPLAIN ', '')

    parts = '{}'.format(db_query).split('FROM')
    print(parts[0])
    if len(parts) > 1:
        parts = parts[1].split('WHERE')
        print('FROM{}'.format(parts[0]))
        if len(parts) > 1:
            parts = parts[1].split('ORDER BY')
            print('WHERE{}'.format(parts[0]))
            if len(parts) > 1:
                print('ORDER BY{}'.format(parts[1]))

# USAGE
users = User.objects.filter(email='admin@admin.com').order_by('-id')
print_database_query_formatted(users.query)

输出示例

SELECT "users_user"."password", "users_user"."last_login", "users_user"."is_superuser", "users_user"."deleted", "users_user"."id", "users_user"."phone", "users_user"."username", "users_user"."userlastname", "users_user"."email", "users_user"."is_staff", "users_user"."is_active", "users_user"."date_joined", "users_user"."latitude", "users_user"."longitude", "users_user"."point"::bytea, "users_user"."default_search_radius", "users_user"."notifications", "users_user"."admin_theme", "users_user"."address", "users_user"."is_notify_when_buildings_in_radius", "users_user"."active_campaign_id", "users_user"."is_unsubscribed", "users_user"."sf_contact_id", "users_user"."is_agree_terms_of_service", "users_user"."is_facebook_signup", "users_user"."type_signup" 
FROM "users_user" 
WHERE "users_user"."email" = 'admin@admin.com' 
ORDER BY "users_user"."id" DESC

它基于这个票证评论:https://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/17741#comment:4

from django.db import reset_queries, connection
class ShowSQL(object):
    def __enter__(self):
        reset_queries()
        return self

    def __exit__(self, *args):
        for sql in connection.queries:
            print('Time: %s\nSQL: %s' % (sql['time'], sql['sql']))

然后你可以使用:

with ShowSQL() as t:
    some queries <select>|<annotate>|<update> or other 

它打印

时间:% s SQL: % s