是否有一种方法可以在swift中打印变量的运行时类型?例如:
var now = NSDate()
var soon = now.dateByAddingTimeInterval(5.0)
println("\(now.dynamicType)")
// Prints "(Metatype)"
println("\(now.dynamicType.description()")
// Prints "__NSDate" since objective-c Class objects have a "description" selector
println("\(soon.dynamicType.description()")
// Compile-time error since ImplicitlyUnwrappedOptional<NSDate> has no "description" method
在上面的例子中，我正在寻找一种方法来显示变量“soon”的类型是ImplicitlyUnwrappedOptional<NSDate>，或至少NSDate!
当前回答
let i: Int = 20
func getTypeName(v: Any) -> String {
let fullName = _stdlib_demangleName(_stdlib_getTypeName(i))
if let range = fullName.rangeOfString(".") {
return fullName.substringFromIndex(range.endIndex)
}
return fullName
}
println("Var type is \(getTypeName(i)) = \(i)")
其他回答
这在检查一个对象是否是类的类型时也很方便:
if someObject is SomeClass {
//someObject is a type of SomeClass
}
这就是如何获得对象或type的类型字符串，它是一致的，并考虑到对象定义属于哪个模块或嵌套在哪个模块中。适用于Swift 4.x。
@inline(__always) func typeString(for _type: Any.Type) -> String {
return String(reflecting: type(of: _type))
}
@inline(__always) func typeString(for object: Any) -> String {
return String(reflecting: type(of: type(of: object)))
}
struct Lol {
struct Kek {}
}
// if you run this in playground the results will be something like
typeString(for: Lol.self) // __lldb_expr_74.Lol.Type
typeString(for: Lol()) // __lldb_expr_74.Lol.Type
typeString(for: Lol.Kek.self)// __lldb_expr_74.Lol.Kek.Type
typeString(for: Lol.Kek()) // __lldb_expr_74.Lol.Kek.Type
斯威夫特3.0
let string = "Hello"
let stringArray = ["one", "two"]
let dictionary = ["key": 2]
print(type(of: string)) // "String"
// Get type name as a string
String(describing: type(of: string)) // "String"
String(describing: type(of: stringArray)) // "Array<String>"
String(describing: type(of: dictionary)) // "Dictionary<String, Int>"
// Get full type as a string
String(reflecting: type(of: string)) // "Swift.String"
String(reflecting: type(of: stringArray)) // "Swift.Array<Swift.String>"
String(reflecting: type(of: dictionary)) // "Swift.Dictionary<Swift.String, Swift.Int>"
2016年9月更新
Swift 3.0:使用type(of:)，例如type(of: someThing)(因为dynamicType关键字已被删除)
2015年10月更新:
我更新了下面的例子到新的Swift 2.0语法(例如println替换为print, toString()现在是String())。
Xcode 6.3发布说明:
@nschum在评论中指出，Xcode 6.3发布说明显示了另一种方式:
使用时，类型值现在打印为完整的需求类型名 Println或字符串插值。
import Foundation
class PureSwiftClass { }
var myvar0 = NSString() // Objective-C class
var myvar1 = PureSwiftClass()
var myvar2 = 42
var myvar3 = "Hans"
print( "String(myvar0.dynamicType) -> \(myvar0.dynamicType)")
print( "String(myvar1.dynamicType) -> \(myvar1.dynamicType)")
print( "String(myvar2.dynamicType) -> \(myvar2.dynamicType)")
print( "String(myvar3.dynamicType) -> \(myvar3.dynamicType)")
print( "String(Int.self) -> \(Int.self)")
print( "String((Int?).self -> \((Int?).self)")
print( "String(NSString.self) -> \(NSString.self)")
print( "String(Array<String>.self) -> \(Array<String>.self)")
输出:
String(myvar0.dynamicType) -> __NSCFConstantString
String(myvar1.dynamicType) -> PureSwiftClass
String(myvar2.dynamicType) -> Int
String(myvar3.dynamicType) -> String
String(Int.self) -> Int
String((Int?).self -> Optional<Int>
String(NSString.self) -> NSString
String(Array<String>.self) -> Array<String>
Xcode 6.3更新:
你可以使用_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName():
print( "TypeName0 = \(_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(myvar0))")
print( "TypeName1 = \(_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(myvar1))")
print( "TypeName2 = \(_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(myvar2))")
print( "TypeName3 = \(_stdlib_getDemangledTypeName(myvar3))")
并将其作为输出:
TypeName0 = NSString
TypeName1 = __lldb_expr_26.PureSwiftClass
TypeName2 = Swift.Int
TypeName3 = Swift.String
最初的回答:
在Xcode 6.3之前，_stdlib_getTypeName获取变量的类型名。伊万·斯维克(Ewan Swick)的博客有助于解读这些字符串:
例如:_TtSi代表Swift的内部Int类型。
Mike Ash有一篇很棒的博客文章涉及了同样的主题。
我找到了这个解决方案，希望对其他人也有用。 我创建了一个类方法来访问该值。请记住，这只适用于NSObject子类。但至少是一个干净整洁的解决方案。
class var className: String!{
let classString : String = NSStringFromClass(self.classForCoder())
return classString.componentsSeparatedByString(".").last;
}
