1)可绘制位图:

Bitmap mIcon = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(),R.drawable.icon);
// mImageView.setImageBitmap(mIcon);

2)位图到可绘制:

Drawable mDrawable = new BitmapDrawable(getResources(), bitmap);
// mImageView.setDrawable(mDrawable);

非常简单的

Bitmap tempBMP = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.image);

Android提供了一个非直接的解决方案:BitmapDrawable。为了获得位图，我们必须提供资源id R.drawable。flower_pic到BitmapDrawable，然后将其转换为Bitmap。

Bitmap bm = ((BitmapDrawable) getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.flower_pic)).getBitmap();

方法1:你可以像这样直接转换成位图

Bitmap myLogo = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.my_drawable);

方法2:你甚至可以把资源转换成可绘制的，从那里你可以得到像这样的位图

Bitmap myLogo = ((BitmapDrawable)getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.logo)).getBitmap();

对于API > 22 getDrawable方法移动到ResourcesCompat类，因此你可以这样做

Bitmap myLogo = ((BitmapDrawable) ResourcesCompat.getDrawable(context.getResources(), R.drawable.logo, null)).getBitmap();

这是更好的分辨率

public static Bitmap drawableToBitmap (Drawable drawable) {
    if (drawable instanceof BitmapDrawable) {
        return ((BitmapDrawable)drawable).getBitmap();
    }

    Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap); 
    drawable.setBounds(0, 0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight());
    drawable.draw(canvas);

    return bitmap;
}

public static InputStream bitmapToInputStream(Bitmap bitmap) {
    int size = bitmap.getHeight() * bitmap.getRowBytes();
    ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(size);
    bitmap.copyPixelsToBuffer(buffer);
    return new ByteArrayInputStream(buffer.array());
}

如何将可绘制的位读取为输入流的代码

使用这段代码。它将帮助你实现你的目标。

 Bitmap bmp=BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.profileimage);
    if (bmp!=null) {
        Bitmap bitmap_round=getRoundedShape(bmp);
        if (bitmap_round!=null) {
            profileimage.setImageBitmap(bitmap_round);
        }
    }

  public Bitmap getRoundedShape(Bitmap scaleBitmapImage) {
    int targetWidth = 100;
    int targetHeight = 100;
    Bitmap targetBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(targetWidth, 
            targetHeight,Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);

    Canvas canvas = new Canvas(targetBitmap);
    Path path = new Path();
    path.addCircle(((float) targetWidth - 1) / 2,
            ((float) targetHeight - 1) / 2,
            (Math.min(((float) targetWidth), 
                    ((float) targetHeight)) / 2),
                    Path.Direction.CCW);

    canvas.clipPath(path);
    Bitmap sourceBitmap = scaleBitmapImage;
    canvas.drawBitmap(sourceBitmap, 
            new Rect(0, 0, sourceBitmap.getWidth(),
                    sourceBitmap.getHeight()), 
                    new Rect(0, 0, targetWidth, targetHeight), new Paint(Paint.FILTER_BITMAP_FLAG));
    return targetBitmap;
}