我使用的是Ruby on Rails 3.1预版本。我喜欢使用PostgreSQL,但问题是安装pg gem。它给了我以下错误:

$ gem install pg
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/home/u/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p0/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
    --without-pg-config
    --with-pg_config
    --without-pg_config
    Gem files will remain installed in /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0 for inspection.
    Results logged to /home/u/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p0/gems/pg-0.11.0/ext/gem_make.out

我怎么解决这个问题?


当前回答

对于未安装PostgreSQL服务器的MacOS:

brew install libpq
gem install pg -- --with-pg-config="/usr/local/Cellar/libpq/9.6.6/bin/pg_config"

其他回答

我通过rvm重新安装Ruby修复了同样的错误:

rvm reinstall 1.9.3

对于任何基于debian的发行版(包括Ubuntu),一个更通用的答案如下。首先,以root身份安装apt-file包:

apt-get install apt-file

这允许您搜索包含文件的包。然后,更新其数据库使用

apt-file update

(这可以作为普通用户运行)。然后,使用以下方法查找丢失的头文件:

apt-file search libpq-fe.h

在我的机器上,这给出:

libpq-dev: /usr/include/postgresql/libpq-fe.h
postgres-xc-server-dev: /usr/include/postgres-xc/server/gtm/libpq-fe.h

好了!

看起来在Ubuntu中,头文件是libpq-dev包的一部分(至少在以下Ubuntu版本中是这样的: 11.04 (Natty Narwhal), 10.04 (Lucid Lynx), 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot), 12.04 (Precise穿山甲),14.04 (Trusty Tahr)和18.04(仿生海狸)):

...
/usr/include/postgresql/libpq-fe.h
...

所以试着为你的操作系统安装libpq-dev或类似的软件:

Ubuntu/Debian系统:sudo apt-get install libpq-dev RHEL系统:yum install postgresql-devel 对于Mac Homebrew: brew安装postgresql 对于Mac MacPorts PostgreSQL: gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/opt/local/lib/ PostgreSQL[版本号]/bin/pg_config . exe OpenSuse:在postgresql-devel中使用zypper 对于ArchLinux: pacman -S postgresql-libs

在OS X 10.9 (Mavericks)上,我自定义安装了postgresql,然后我必须rvm重新安装Ruby。我现在很开心:)

对于未安装PostgreSQL服务器的MacOS:

brew install libpq
gem install pg -- --with-pg-config="/usr/local/Cellar/libpq/9.6.6/bin/pg_config"