在c#中,我可以将字符串值转换为字符串文字,我将在代码中看到它的方式吗?我想用转义序列替换制表符,换行符等。
如果这段代码:
Console.WriteLine(someString);
生产:
Hello
World!
我想要这样的代码:
Console.WriteLine(ToLiteral(someString));
生产:
\tHello\r\n\tWorld!\r\n
在c#中,我可以将字符串值转换为字符串文字,我将在代码中看到它的方式吗?我想用转义序列替换制表符,换行符等。
如果这段代码:
Console.WriteLine(someString);
生产:
Hello
World!
我想要这样的代码:
Console.WriteLine(ToLiteral(someString));
生产:
\tHello\r\n\tWorld!\r\n
当前回答
这是一个完全可行的实现,包括Unicode和ASCII不可打印字符的转义。它没有像Hallgrim的答案那样插入“+”符号。
static string ToLiteral(string input) {
StringBuilder literal = new StringBuilder(input.Length + 2);
literal.Append("\"");
foreach (var c in input) {
switch (c) {
case '\"': literal.Append("\\\""); break;
case '\\': literal.Append(@"\\"); break;
case '\0': literal.Append(@"\0"); break;
case '\a': literal.Append(@"\a"); break;
case '\b': literal.Append(@"\b"); break;
case '\f': literal.Append(@"\f"); break;
case '\n': literal.Append(@"\n"); break;
case '\r': literal.Append(@"\r"); break;
case '\t': literal.Append(@"\t"); break;
case '\v': literal.Append(@"\v"); break;
default:
// ASCII printable character
if (c >= 0x20 && c <= 0x7e) {
literal.Append(c);
// As UTF16 escaped character
} else {
literal.Append(@"\u");
literal.Append(((int)c).ToString("x4"));
}
break;
}
}
literal.Append("\"");
return literal.ToString();
}
注意,这也转义了所有Unicode字符。如果你的环境支持它们,你可以改变这一部分,只转义控制字符:
// UTF16 control characters
} else if (Char.GetUnicodeCategory(c) == UnicodeCategory.Control) {
literal.Append(@"\u");
literal.Append(((int)c).ToString("x4"));
} else {
literal.Append(c);
}
其他回答
我提交了自己的实现,它处理空值,并且由于使用数组查找表、手动十六进制转换和避免开关语句,因此性能应该更好。
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Linq;
public static class StringLiteralEncoding {
private static readonly char[] HEX_DIGIT_LOWER = "0123456789abcdef".ToCharArray();
private static readonly char[] LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS;
static StringLiteralEncoding() {
// Per http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/h21280bw.aspx
var escapes = new string[] { "\aa", "\bb", "\ff", "\nn", "\rr", "\tt", "\vv", "\"\"", "\\\\", "??", "\00" };
LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS = new char[escapes.Max(e => e[0]) + 1];
foreach(var escape in escapes)
LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS[escape[0]] = escape[1];
}
/// <summary>
/// Convert the string to the equivalent C# string literal, enclosing the string in double quotes and inserting
/// escape sequences as necessary.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="s">The string to be converted to a C# string literal.</param>
/// <returns><paramref name="s"/> represented as a C# string literal.</returns>
public static string Encode(string s) {
if(null == s) return "null";
var sb = new StringBuilder(s.Length + 2).Append('"');
for(var rp = 0; rp < s.Length; rp++) {
var c = s[rp];
if(c < LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS.Length && '\0' != LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS[c])
sb.Append('\\').Append(LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS[c]);
else if('~' >= c && c >= ' ')
sb.Append(c);
else
sb.Append(@"\x")
.Append(HEX_DIGIT_LOWER[c >> 12 & 0x0F])
.Append(HEX_DIGIT_LOWER[c >> 8 & 0x0F])
.Append(HEX_DIGIT_LOWER[c >> 4 & 0x0F])
.Append(HEX_DIGIT_LOWER[c & 0x0F]);
}
return sb.Append('"').ToString();
}
}
public static class StringEscape
{
static char[] toEscape = "\0\x1\x2\x3\x4\x5\x6\a\b\t\n\v\f\r\xe\xf\x10\x11\x12\x13\x14\x15\x16\x17\x18\x19\x1a\x1b\x1c\x1d\x1e\x1f\"\\".ToCharArray();
static string[] literals = @"\0,\x0001,\x0002,\x0003,\x0004,\x0005,\x0006,\a,\b,\t,\n,\v,\f,\r,\x000e,\x000f,\x0010,\x0011,\x0012,\x0013,\x0014,\x0015,\x0016,\x0017,\x0018,\x0019,\x001a,\x001b,\x001c,\x001d,\x001e,\x001f".Split(new char[] { ',' });
public static string Escape(this string input)
{
int i = input.IndexOfAny(toEscape);
if (i < 0) return input;
var sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder(input.Length + 5);
int j = 0;
do
{
sb.Append(input, j, i - j);
var c = input[i];
if (c < 0x20) sb.Append(literals[c]); else sb.Append(@"\").Append(c);
} while ((i = input.IndexOfAny(toEscape, j = ++i)) > 0);
return sb.Append(input, j, input.Length - j).ToString();
}
}
public static class StringHelpers
{
private static Dictionary<string, string> escapeMapping = new Dictionary<string, string>()
{
{"\"", @"\\\"""},
{"\\\\", @"\\"},
{"\a", @"\a"},
{"\b", @"\b"},
{"\f", @"\f"},
{"\n", @"\n"},
{"\r", @"\r"},
{"\t", @"\t"},
{"\v", @"\v"},
{"\0", @"\0"},
};
private static Regex escapeRegex = new Regex(string.Join("|", escapeMapping.Keys.ToArray()));
public static string Escape(this string s)
{
return escapeRegex.Replace(s, EscapeMatchEval);
}
private static string EscapeMatchEval(Match m)
{
if (escapeMapping.ContainsKey(m.Value))
{
return escapeMapping[m.Value];
}
return escapeMapping[Regex.Escape(m.Value)];
}
}
这是一个完全可行的实现,包括Unicode和ASCII不可打印字符的转义。它没有像Hallgrim的答案那样插入“+”符号。
static string ToLiteral(string input) {
StringBuilder literal = new StringBuilder(input.Length + 2);
literal.Append("\"");
foreach (var c in input) {
switch (c) {
case '\"': literal.Append("\\\""); break;
case '\\': literal.Append(@"\\"); break;
case '\0': literal.Append(@"\0"); break;
case '\a': literal.Append(@"\a"); break;
case '\b': literal.Append(@"\b"); break;
case '\f': literal.Append(@"\f"); break;
case '\n': literal.Append(@"\n"); break;
case '\r': literal.Append(@"\r"); break;
case '\t': literal.Append(@"\t"); break;
case '\v': literal.Append(@"\v"); break;
default:
// ASCII printable character
if (c >= 0x20 && c <= 0x7e) {
literal.Append(c);
// As UTF16 escaped character
} else {
literal.Append(@"\u");
literal.Append(((int)c).ToString("x4"));
}
break;
}
}
literal.Append("\"");
return literal.ToString();
}
注意,这也转义了所有Unicode字符。如果你的环境支持它们,你可以改变这一部分,只转义控制字符:
// UTF16 control characters
} else if (Char.GetUnicodeCategory(c) == UnicodeCategory.Control) {
literal.Append(@"\u");
literal.Append(((int)c).ToString("x4"));
} else {
literal.Append(c);
}
代码:
string someString1 = "\tHello\r\n\tWorld!\r\n";
string someString2 = @"\tHello\r\n\tWorld!\r\n";
Console.WriteLine(someString1);
Console.WriteLine(someString2);
输出:
Hello
World!
\tHello\r\n\tWorld!\r\n