盲文键盘到底是什么?

有像盲文书写器这样的东西，但你永远不会用它作为计算机的输入设备。

如果你只是在谈论一个带有盲文符号的键盘，这也是一个非常糟糕的主意。当你打字的时候，你会有更多的键要触到，而且它仍然会变慢。

触摸打字不是一种视觉技能，盲人也能做到和正常人一样好。

我是个盲人，在过去的12年里一直是一名程序员。目前，我是一名高级架构师，在Sapient公司(一家总部位于剑桥的咨询公司，创建基于web和基于厚客户端的企业解决方案)工作。 我使用了几个屏幕阅读器，但大多数情况下都坚持使用Jaws用于窗口和NVDA。

I have mostly worked on the Microsoft platform and visual studio as my environment. I also use tools like the MS Sql enterprise studio and others for DB access, network monitoring etc. I tried to spend some time with emacspeak but since my work was mostly based on the MS platform, never really spent a lot of time there. I have also spent a couple of years working on C++ on linux - mostly used notepad or visual studio on windows for all the coding and then samba to share files with the linux environment. Also used borland C for some experimental stuff. Have recently been playing around with python, which as other people have noted above is particularly unfriendly for a blind user because it is written using indentation as the nesting mechanism. Having said that, NVDA, the most popular open source screen reader is written completely using python and some of the commiters on that project are themself blind. A particularly interesting question I get frequently asked as an architect is how do I deal with diagrams - UML and visio and rational rose etc. Visio is probably the most accessible diagraming tool out there. I was able to write jaws scripts to read rational rose diagrams for me. I've used a tool called T-dub (technical diagram understanding for the blind) developed by some german university for accessing UML 2.0 diagrams. Have used a java-based ugly tool called magic draw for doing model-driven development and was a commiter on the androMDA project and helped develop the .Net code generator from a UML model.

In general, I find that I thrive most in a team environment where I can work on my strengths. For example, while a diagram is extremely useful to communicate/document a design, the actual design process involves a lot of thinking and brainstorming and when the design has been thought out, one of your team mates can help you quickly put together a neatly drawn picture out of it. People incorrectly mis-construe the above to be lack of independence or ability while I see this as pure inter-dependence -- as in I am sure that the team mate alone could never have come up with that design on his/her own and in-turn, if I depend on him to document the design, so be it. Most hurdles I face are tool-based inaccessibility. For example all oracle products have been progressively declining in accessibility over the years (shame on them) and a team environment basically allows me an extra layer of defense against these over and above my screen readers and custom scripts.

我在大底特律盲人协会工作了三年，经营一个专为盲人访问而设计的BBS，并与许多盲人用户合作，以更好地满足他们的需求，并与新盲人用户合作，让他们适应当时可用的硬件和软件产品。如果不出意外的话，我至少学会了阅读盲文，以避免自己陷入同样的境地!

大多数盲人电脑用户和程序员使用某种屏幕阅读器。《大白鲨》尤其受欢迎。幸运的是，目前大多数主要应用程序都提供了某种形式的残疾人访问。你可能需要稍微调整你的环境来减少杂音，例如考虑在Visual Studio中禁用智能感知。

盲文显示器不太常见，而且相对昂贵得多，可以显示40或80列文本，并且可以在精确定位/标点符号很重要的情况下使用。虽然屏幕阅读器可以配置成快速读出标点符号，但很多人觉得这会分散注意力，而且在很多情况下，你更容易自己摸索。Jaws可以配置为驱动显示，因此您不必同时处理辅助应用程序。

此外，许多合法失明的用户仍有一定程度的视力。使用高对比度背景和放大功能可以帮助这些用户。

在Windows中使用ToggleKeys会让你听到当你不小心点击一个模式“caps lock”，“num lock”，“scroll lock”等键。

I know at least one Haskell programmer who uses a screen reader and who explicitly programs without using Haskell's layout rules, and instead opts to use the rather non-idiomatic, but supported {;}'s instead, because it is easier/less distracting for him to get his screen reader to read off punctuation than for him to figure out exact indentation that complies with Haskell's layout rules. On that same note, I've heard some grumbling from a couple of blind programmers about when they have to write Python.

最终，你学会了发挥自己的优势。

我是盲人，几个月来我一直在使用VINUX(一个基于Ubuntu的linux发行版)和SODBEANS(一个netbeans版本，带有一个名为SAPPY的插件，添加了TTS支持)。 这个解决方案工作得很好，但有时我更喜欢启动Win XP和NVDA来启动FireFox上的许多页面，因为当你试图打开超过3个FireFox窗口时，Vinux工作得不太好……

我不记得来源，但我听说过/读过一种可听语法“着色”的形式-这样，而不是字符串赋值被读为

Foo = quote这是一个字符串引号

字符串部分将用不同的音高或声音来读，以使元素的分离更清晰。

正如许多人指出的那样，emacspeak是许多老黑客的跨平台持久解决方案。由于它支持Linux和Mac开箱即用，它已经成为我开发Windows无关项目的首选方法。

关于通过听觉而不是视觉来真正理解语法的问题，我发现存在各种各样的技术来接近语法，即使不是在同一个领域。

例如，听觉图标可以代替口头描述符。你可以用音调表示一行缩进的程度。音调越长，缩进越远。由于音调可以与文本和语音并行播放，信息在相同的时间框架内传递，而不会序列化如此基本的交流。

盲文能够快速而精确地解码出一行文字的确切语法。这对于日常生活中使用盲文的人来说更有用;最大的优点是可以随机访问显示的内容。可刷新单元通常在每个字符单元上方有路由器键，可以将光标指向该单元。不要摆弄方向键O(n) op vs O(1)访问。

听觉维度(音调、速率、音量、变化、丰富度、重音等)可以传达一个概念(关键字、类别、变量、错误等)。例如，注释可以用单调变化来读……正合适，如果我可以这么说的话:)。

Emacs和其他较小程度的编辑器(Visual Studio)允许编码器严格地阅读程序(下一个块、折叠块、向下defun、跳转到def、向上解析树等)。这样做，你可以很快得到整个项目结构的“大”图景;通过像Cedet这样的扩展，你可以在文本编辑器中跨平台地使用VS/Eclipse/etc的优点。

可能还有很多，但简而言之，这就是为什么我们中的一些人在工业、学术界或地下室里不停地工作的基础:)。