else子句在循环正常完成后执行。这意味着The:==> 只有当循环没有被break语句终止时，才会在for/while语句之后执行else块

for item in lista:
if(obj == item ):
    print("if True then break will run and else not run")
    break;
else:
print("in  else => obj not fount ")

这里是搜索之外的另一个惯用用例。假设您希望等待一个条件为真，例如，远程服务器上的一个端口打开，并伴有一些超时。然后你可以利用一点时间…其他结构如下:

import socket
import time

sock = socket.socket()
timeout = time.time() + 15
while time.time() < timeout:
    if sock.connect_ex(('127.0.0.1', 80)) is 0:
        print('Port is open now!')
        break
    print('Still waiting...')
else:
    raise TimeoutError()

我同意，它更像是一个'elif not[条件(s)提高中断]'。

我知道这是一个老话题，但我现在正在研究同样的问题，我不确定是否有人能以我理解的方式抓住这个问题的答案。

对我来说，有三种方法来“阅读”For…else or While…所有等价的Else语句是:

Else ==如果循环正常完成(没有中断或错误) Else ==如果循环没有遇到断点 Else == Else not(条件引发中断)(假设存在这样的条件，否则就不会有循环)

因此，从本质上讲，循环中的“else”实际上是一个“elif…”，其中'…’表示(1)不中断，相当于(2)NOT[条件(s)引发中断]。

我认为关键在于，如果没有break, else是没有意义的，所以for…其他的包括:

for:
    do stuff
    conditional break # implied by else
else not break:
    do more stuff

a的基本元素。else循环如下所示，你可以用更简单的英语阅读它们:

for:
    do stuff
    condition:
        break
else: # read as "else not break" or "else not condition"
    do more stuff

正如其他帖子所说，当你能够找到你的循环正在寻找的东西时，通常会引发一个break，所以else:变成了“如果目标物品没有找到，该怎么办”。

例子

您还可以同时使用异常处理、中断和for循环。

for x in range(0,3):
    print("x: {}".format(x))
    if x == 2:
        try:
            raise AssertionError("ASSERTION ERROR: x is {}".format(x))
        except:
            print(AssertionError("ASSERTION ERROR: x is {}".format(x)))
            break
else:
    print("X loop complete without error")

结果

x: 0
x: 1
x: 2
ASSERTION ERROR: x is 2
----------
# loop not completed (hit break), so else didn't run

例子

一个简单的例子，断点被击中。

for y in range(0,3):
    print("y: {}".format(y))
    if y == 2: # will be executed
        print("BREAK: y is {}\n----------".format(y))
        break
else: # not executed because break is hit
    print("y_loop completed without break----------\n")

结果

y: 0
y: 1
y: 2
BREAK: y is 2
----------
# loop not completed (hit break), so else didn't run

例子

没有中断的简单示例，没有引发中断的条件，也没有遇到错误。

for z in range(0,3):
     print("z: {}".format(z))
     if z == 4: # will not be executed
         print("BREAK: z is {}\n".format(y))
         break
     if z == 4: # will not be executed
         raise AssertionError("ASSERTION ERROR: x is {}".format(x))
else:
     print("z_loop complete without break or error\n----------\n")

结果

z: 0
z: 1
z: 2
z_loop complete without break or error
----------

else子句在循环正常完成后执行。这意味着The:==> 只有当循环没有被break语句终止时，才会在for/while语句之后执行else块

for item in lista:
if(obj == item ):
    print("if True then break will run and else not run")
    break;
else:
print("in  else => obj not fount ")

for i in range(3):
    print(i)

    if i == 2:
        print("Too big - I'm giving up!")
        break;
else:
    print("Completed successfully")

"else"在这里非常简单，意思是

1、“if for从句是完整的”

for i in range(3):
    print(i)

    if i == 2:
        print("Too big - I'm giving up!")
        break;
if "for clause is completed":
    print("Completed successfully")

写“for从句已完成”这样长的语句是很笨拙的，所以他们引入了“else”。

否则这里本质上是一个如果。

2、然而，How about for从句根本没有出现

In [331]: for i in range(0):
     ...:     print(i)
     ...: 
     ...:     if i == 9:
     ...:         print("Too big - I'm giving up!")
     ...:         break
     ...: else:
     ...:     print("Completed successfully")
     ...:     
Completed successfully

所以这完全是逻辑组合:

if "for clause is completed" or "not run at all":
     do else stuff

或者这样说:

if "for clause is not partially run":
    do else stuff

或者这样:

if "for clause not encounter a break":
    do else stuff

else语句块中的代码将在for循环未被打破时执行。

for x in xrange(1,5):
    if x == 5:
        print 'find 5'
        break
else:
    print 'can not find 5!'
#can not find 5!

来自文档:break和continue语句，以及循环中的else子句

Loop statements may have an else clause; it is executed when the loop terminates through exhaustion of the list (with for) or when the condition becomes false (with while), but not when the loop is terminated by a break statement. This is exemplified by the following loop, which searches for prime numbers: >>> for n in range(2, 10): ... for x in range(2, n): ... if n % x == 0: ... print(n, 'equals', x, '*', n//x) ... break ... else: ... # loop fell through without finding a factor ... print(n, 'is a prime number') ... 2 is a prime number 3 is a prime number 4 equals 2 * 2 5 is a prime number 6 equals 2 * 3 7 is a prime number 8 equals 2 * 4 9 equals 3 * 3 (Yes, this is the correct code. Look closely: the else clause belongs to the for loop, not the if statement.) When used with a loop, the else clause has more in common with the else clause of a try statement than it does that of if statements: a try statement’s else clause runs when no exception occurs, and a loop’s else clause runs when no break occurs. For more on the try statement and exceptions, see Handling Exceptions. The continue statement, also borrowed from C, continues with the next iteration of the loop: >>> for num in range(2, 10): ... if num % 2 == 0: ... print("Found an even number", num) ... continue ... print("Found a number", num) Found an even number 2 Found a number 3 Found an even number 4 Found a number 5 Found an even number 6 Found a number 7 Found an even number 8 Found a number 9