作为Debian用户，我会投票给包管理。它让OSX和Windows 7看起来像是原始的业余玩物。

但是由于前面已经提到了包管理，我将投票给x。网络透明窗口服务器使许多应用程序成为可能。能够无缝地在同一屏幕上并行地调用在不同计算机上运行的程序真是太棒了。

这在80年代后期更令人印象深刻。

在社区支持下，翻译软件可以进行手动更正和建议，随后由人工智能机器人形成模式，最终区分并正确预测不同翻译和上下文中的歧义。

虽然谷歌Translate可能不是野兽，但它是一个系统的母亲，或者可能是等待开发的祖母。

如果你仔细想想，文本语言实际上是大脑的输入，眼睛看到文本并将图像发送到大脑，然后大脑将其转化为理解。

虽然它真正的交流(尤其是人与人之间的交流)是一个高级的话题，但基本的是输入(带上下文)->翻译->理解。

为什么我们仍然没有真正的好办法给远方的同事或不会说我们语言的伙伴发送电子邮件?这显然是第一阶段。

一旦完成，我们就可以进行实时电话翻译之类的工作了。

相反，月复一月，我们最大的智力资产被用于其他更重要的项目，比如太空研究、流星探测，或者试图证明《圣经》是错的(打哈欠)。

我们把更多的时间花在基本的实际交流上怎么样?

我认为自20世纪80年代以来发明的最好的想法将是我们不知道的。要么是因为它们很小，无处不在，以至于不引人注意，要么是因为它们的受欢迎程度还没有真正起飞。

前者的一个例子是单击并拖动以选择文本的一部分。我相信这是1984年首次出现在麦金塔电脑上。在此之前，您有单独的按钮用于选择选择的开始和结束。相当繁重。

后者的一个例子是(可能是)可视化编程语言。我不是说像hypercard，我是说像Max/MSP, Prograph, Quartz Composer, yahoo pipes等。目前它们确实是小众的，但我认为，除了思想分享之外，没有什么能阻止它们像标准编程语言一样具有表现力和强大的功能。

可视化编程语言有效地加强了引用透明性的函数式编程范式。这对于代码来说是一个非常有用的属性。他们执行这一点的方式也不是人为的——这只是由于他们使用的比喻。

VPL让那些本来不会编程的人也能编程，比如有语言障碍的人，比如阅读困难的人，甚至只是需要简单节省时间的门外汉。专业程序员可能会对此嗤之以鼻，但就我个人而言，我认为如果编程成为一种真正无处不在的技能，就像识字一样，那就太好了。

就目前来看，VPL只是一个小众的兴趣，还没有真正成为主流。

我们应该做些什么不同的事情

all computer science majors should be required to double major- coupling the CS major with one of the humanities. Painting, literature, design, psychology, history, english, whatever. A lot of the problem is that the industry is populated with people that have a really narrow and unimaginative understanding of the world, and therefore can't begin to imagine a computer working any significantly differently than it already does. (if it helps, you can imagine that I'm talking about someone other than you, the person reading this.) Mathematics is great, but in the end it's just a tool for achieving. we need experts who understand the nature of creativity, who also understand technology.

But even if we have them, there needs to be an environment where there's a possibility that doing something new would be worth the risk. It's 100 times more likely that anything truly new gets rejected out of hand, rather viciously. (the newton is an example of this). so we need a much higher tolerance for failure. We should not be afraid to try an idea which has failed in the past. We should not fully reject our own failures- and we should learn to recognize when we have failed. We should not see failure as a bad thing, and so we shouldn't lie to ourselves or to others about it. We should just get used to it, because it is just about the only constant in this ever changing industry. Post mortems are useful in this regard.

One of the more interesting things, about smalltalk, I think, was not the language itself, but the process that was used to arrive at the design of smalltalk. The iterative design process, going through many many revisions- But also very carefully and critically identifying the flaws of the existing system, and finding solutions in the next one. The more perspectives, and the broader the perspectives we have on the situation, the better we can judge where the mistakes and problems are. So don't just study computer science. Study as many other academic subjects as you can get yourself to be interested in.

I'd say the biggest trend is an ever increasing lack of location dependence and pervasiveness. An interesting philosophical exercise these days is to count the computers in you immediate area. They're everywhere desktops, keyboards, microwaves, radios, televisions, cell phones etc... My grandmother computer is illiterate however her life is as infested with small computers as everyone else's. She can make a call to me from the middle of an empty field. I can then answer that call zipping down the highway.

受保护的内存。在保护内存之前，如果你的程序犯了错误，你可以在任何地方开始执行代码——实际上总是挂起整个机器。没错，重启时间到了!

硬件成本低。我的第一台电脑在1978年花了500美元——这在当时是一笔巨款。降低成本让每个人的办公桌上都有了电脑。

飞行汽车和悬浮滑板。哦，等等，那些还没有被发明出来。但到2015年，我们必须拥有它们。否则《回到未来2》就是个弥天大谎!