在构建接受参数的控制台应用程序时,可以使用传递给Main的参数(string[] args)。
在过去,我只是简单地索引/循环该数组,并做了一些正则表达式来提取值。然而,当命令变得更加复杂时,解析就会变得非常糟糕。
我感兴趣的是:
你使用的库 你使用的模式
假设命令总是遵循常见的标准,比如这里回答的。
在构建接受参数的控制台应用程序时,可以使用传递给Main的参数(string[] args)。
在过去,我只是简单地索引/循环该数组,并做了一些正则表达式来提取值。然而,当命令变得更加复杂时,解析就会变得非常糟糕。
我感兴趣的是:
你使用的库 你使用的模式
假设命令总是遵循常见的标准,比如这里回答的。
当前回答
CLAP(命令行参数解析器)有一个可用的API,并且有很好的文档。创建一个方法,注释参数。https://github.com/adrianaisemberg/CLAP
其他回答
请使用apache commons cli API的。net端口。这很有效。
http://sourceforge.net/projects/dotnetcli/
以及用于概念和介绍的原始API
http://commons.apache.org/cli/
WPF TestApi库提供了c#开发中最好的命令行解析器之一。我强烈推荐你去看看,这是Ivo Manolov关于API的博客:
// EXAMPLE #2:
// Sample for parsing the following command-line:
// Test.exe /verbose /runId=10
// This sample declares a class in which the strongly-
// typed arguments are populated
public class CommandLineArguments
{
bool? Verbose { get; set; }
int? RunId { get; set; }
}
CommandLineArguments a = new CommandLineArguments();
CommandLineParser.ParseArguments(args, a);
我非常喜欢命令行解析器库(http://commandline.codeplex.com/)。它有一个非常简单和优雅的方式来通过属性设置参数:
class Options
{
[Option("i", "input", Required = true, HelpText = "Input file to read.")]
public string InputFile { get; set; }
[Option(null, "length", HelpText = "The maximum number of bytes to process.")]
public int MaximumLenght { get; set; }
[Option("v", null, HelpText = "Print details during execution.")]
public bool Verbose { get; set; }
[HelpOption(HelpText = "Display this help screen.")]
public string GetUsage()
{
var usage = new StringBuilder();
usage.AppendLine("Quickstart Application 1.0");
usage.AppendLine("Read user manual for usage instructions...");
return usage.ToString();
}
}
我最近遇到了FubuCore命令行解析实现,我真的很喜欢它,原因是:
it's easy to use - although I couldn't find a documentation for it, the FubuCore solution also provides a project containing a nice set of Unit Tests that speak more about the functionality than any documentation could it has a nice object oriented design, no code repetition or other such things that I used to have in my command line parsing apps it's declarative: you basically write classes for the Commands and sets of parameters and decorate them with attributes to set various options (e.g. name, description, mandatory/optional) the library even prints a nice Usage Graph, based on these definitions
下面是一个简单的例子说明如何使用它。为了说明用法,我写了一个简单的实用程序,它有两个命令: - add(将一个对象添加到列表中-一个对象由一个名称(字符串),值(int)和一个布尔标志组成) - list(列出当前添加的所有对象)
首先,我为'add'命令写了一个Command类:
[Usage("add", "Adds an object to the list")]
[CommandDescription("Add object", Name = "add")]
public class AddCommand : FubuCommand<CommandInput>
{
public override bool Execute(CommandInput input)
{
State.Objects.Add(input); // add the new object to an in-memory collection
return true;
}
}
这个命令接受一个commandput实例作为参数,所以我下面定义它:
public class CommandInput
{
[RequiredUsage("add"), Description("The name of the object to add")]
public string ObjectName { get; set; }
[ValidUsage("add")]
[Description("The value of the object to add")]
public int ObjectValue { get; set; }
[Description("Multiply the value by -1")]
[ValidUsage("add")]
[FlagAlias("nv")]
public bool NegateValueFlag { get; set; }
}
下一个命令是'list',实现如下:
[Usage("list", "List the objects we have so far")]
[CommandDescription("List objects", Name = "list")]
public class ListCommand : FubuCommand<NullInput>
{
public override bool Execute(NullInput input)
{
State.Objects.ForEach(Console.WriteLine);
return false;
}
}
'list'命令不带参数,所以我定义了一个NullInput类:
public class NullInput { }
现在剩下的就是在Main()方法中把它连接起来,就像这样:
static void Main(string[] args)
{
var factory = new CommandFactory();
factory.RegisterCommands(typeof(Program).Assembly);
var executor = new CommandExecutor(factory);
executor.Execute(args);
}
程序按预期工作,在任何命令无效的情况下打印正确用法的提示:
------------------------
Available commands:
------------------------
add -> Add object
list -> List objects
------------------------
下面是'add'命令的用法示例:
Usages for 'add' (Add object)
add <objectname> [-nv]
-------------------------------------------------
Arguments
-------------------------------------------------
objectname -> The name of the object to add
objectvalue -> The value of the object to add
-------------------------------------------------
-------------------------------------
Flags
-------------------------------------
[-nv] -> Multiply the value by -1
-------------------------------------
一个非常简单易于使用的命令行解析专用类,它支持默认参数。
class CommandLineArgs
{
public static CommandLineArgs I
{
get
{
return m_instance;
}
}
public string argAsString( string argName )
{
if (m_args.ContainsKey(argName)) {
return m_args[argName];
}
else return "";
}
public long argAsLong(string argName)
{
if (m_args.ContainsKey(argName))
{
return Convert.ToInt64(m_args[argName]);
}
else return 0;
}
public double argAsDouble(string argName)
{
if (m_args.ContainsKey(argName))
{
return Convert.ToDouble(m_args[argName]);
}
else return 0;
}
public void parseArgs(string[] args, string defaultArgs )
{
m_args = new Dictionary<string, string>();
parseDefaults(defaultArgs );
foreach (string arg in args)
{
string[] words = arg.Split('=');
m_args[words[0]] = words[1];
}
}
private void parseDefaults(string defaultArgs )
{
if ( defaultArgs == "" ) return;
string[] args = defaultArgs.Split(';');
foreach (string arg in args)
{
string[] words = arg.Split('=');
m_args[words[0]] = words[1];
}
}
private Dictionary<string, string> m_args = null;
static readonly CommandLineArgs m_instance = new CommandLineArgs();
}
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CommandLineArgs.I.parseArgs(args, "myStringArg=defaultVal;someLong=12");
Console.WriteLine("Arg myStringArg : '{0}' ", CommandLineArgs.I.argAsString("myStringArg"));
Console.WriteLine("Arg someLong : '{0}' ", CommandLineArgs.I.argAsLong("someLong"));
}
}