我需要找到一个瓶颈,并需要尽可能准确地测量时间。

下面的代码片段是衡量性能的最佳方法吗?

DateTime startTime = DateTime.Now;

// Some execution process

DateTime endTime = DateTime.Now;
TimeSpan totalTimeTaken = endTime.Subtract(startTime);

当前回答

这不够专业:

Stopwatch sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
PerformWork();
sw.Stop();

Console.WriteLine("Time taken: {0}ms", sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds);

更可靠的说法是:

PerformWork();

int repeat = 1000;

Stopwatch sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < repeat; i++)
{
   PerformWork();
}

sw.Stop();

Console.WriteLine("Time taken: {0}ms", sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds / repeat);

在我的实际代码中,我将添加GC。收集调用以将托管堆更改为已知状态,并添加Sleep调用,以便在ETW配置文件中轻松分离不同的代码间隔。

其他回答

这不够专业:

Stopwatch sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
PerformWork();
sw.Stop();

Console.WriteLine("Time taken: {0}ms", sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds);

更可靠的说法是:

PerformWork();

int repeat = 1000;

Stopwatch sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
for (int i = 0; i < repeat; i++)
{
   PerformWork();
}

sw.Stop();

Console.WriteLine("Time taken: {0}ms", sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds / repeat);

在我的实际代码中,我将添加GC。收集调用以将托管堆更改为已知状态,并添加Sleep调用,以便在ETW配置文件中轻松分离不同的代码间隔。

因为我不太关心精度,所以我最终比较了它们。我正在捕获网络上的大量数据包,我想在我收到每个数据包时放置时间。下面是测试500万次迭代的代码

    int iterations = 5000000;

    // Test using datetime.now
    {
        var date = DateTime.UtcNow.AddHours(DateTime.UtcNow.Second);

        var now = DateTime.UtcNow;

        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
        {
            if (date == DateTime.Now)
                Console.WriteLine("it is!");
        }
        Console.WriteLine($"Done executing {iterations} iterations using datetime.now. It took {(DateTime.UtcNow - now).TotalSeconds} seconds");
    }

    // Test using datetime.utcnow
    {
        var date = DateTime.UtcNow.AddHours(DateTime.UtcNow.Second);

        var now = DateTime.UtcNow;

        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
        {
            if (date == DateTime.UtcNow)
                Console.WriteLine("it is!");
        }
        Console.WriteLine($"Done executing {iterations} iterations using datetime.utcnow. It took {(DateTime.UtcNow - now).TotalSeconds} seconds");
    }

    // Test using stopwatch
    {
        Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
        sw.Start();

        var now = DateTime.UtcNow;

        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++)
        {
            if (sw.ElapsedTicks == DateTime.Now.Ticks)
                Console.WriteLine("it is!");
        }
        Console.WriteLine($"Done executing {iterations} iterations using stopwatch. It took {(DateTime.UtcNow - now).TotalSeconds} seconds");
    }

输出结果为:

Done executing 5000000 iterations using datetime.now. It took 0.8685502 seconds 
Done executing 5000000 iterations using datetime.utcnow. It took 0.1074324 seconds 
Done executing 5000000 iterations using stopwatch. It took 0.9625021 seconds

总之,DateTime。如果您不太关心精度,UtcNow是最快的。这也支持了这个问题的答案https://stackoverflow.com/a/6986472/637142。

我在程序中使用的方式是使用StopWatch类,如下所示。

Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();
sw.Start();


// Critical lines of code

long elapsedMs = sw.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds;

我刚刚在Vance Morrison的博客上找到了一篇关于他写的CodeTimer类的文章,这个类可以让使用StopWatch变得更容易,并在旁边做一些整洁的事情。

秒表也一样,它好多了。

关于性能度量,你还应该检查你的“// Some Execution Process”是否是一个非常短的过程。

还要记住,“// Some Execution Process”的第一次运行可能比后续运行慢得多。

我通常通过在循环中运行1000次或100万次来测试一个方法,我得到的数据比运行一次要准确得多。