你可以使用Proxy的构造句柄来做到这一点，代码如下:

const SomeClass = new Proxy(class A {
  constructor(user) {
    this.user = user;
  }
}, {
  async construct(target, args, newTarget) {
    const [name] = args;
    // you can use await in here
    const user = await fetch(name);
    // invoke new A here
    return new target(user);
  }
});

const a = await new SomeClass('cage');
console.log(a.user); // user info

最接近异步构造函数的方法是等待它完成执行，如果它还没有在它的所有方法中执行:

class SomeClass {
    constructor() {
        this.asyncConstructor = (async () => {
            // Perform asynchronous operations here
        })()
    }

    async someMethod() {
        await this.asyncConstructor
        // Perform normal logic here
    }
}

您应该将该函数添加到实例中。Promise将它识别为Promise的可支持对象。解决自动

const asyncSymbol = Symbol();
class MyClass {
    constructor() {
        this.asyncData = null
    }
    then(resolve, reject) {
        return (this[asyncSymbol] = this[asyncSymbol] || new Promise((innerResolve, innerReject) => {
            this.asyncData = { a: 1 }
            setTimeout(() => innerResolve(this.asyncData), 3000)
        })).then(resolve, reject)
    }
}

async function wait() {
    const asyncData = await new MyClass();
    alert('run 3s later')
    alert(asyncData.a)
}

这是可以做到的。 一个简单的代码:

class test
{
   constructor ()
   {
      return new Promise ( (resolve, reject) => { resolve(this); });
   }
   doHello() {console.log("hello");}
}
async function main()
{
   let t = await new test(); //invoking synchronously
   t.doHello(); //t is not a pormise
}
main();

或与上面相同，但添加了实际延迟，使用setTimeout

class test
{
   constructor ()
   {
      return new Promise ( (resolve, reject) =>
      {
         setTimeout (resolve, 5, this);
      });
   }
   doHello() {console.log("hello");}
}
async function main()
{  
   let t = new test(); //now t is a promise
   t.then((a)=>{ a.doHello();}); //a is the real reference to test instance
   console.log("testing"); //"testing" will be printed 5 seconds before "hello"
}
main();

这里是我在现实生活中的一段代码，使用异步图像加载:

class HeightMap extends GlVAObject
{
   #vertices = [];
   constructor (src, crossOrigin = "")
   {
      //super(theContextSetup);
      let image = new Image();
      image.src = src;
      image.crossOrigin = crossOrigin;
      return new Promise ( (resolve, reject) =>
         {
            image.addEventListener('load',  () =>
            {
               //reading pixel values from image into this.#vertices
               //and generate a heights map
               //...
               resolve(this);
            } );
         });
   }
///...
}
async function main()
{
   let vao = await new HeightMap ("./heightmaps/ArisonaCraterHeightMap.png");
///...
}
main();

权宜之计

你可以创建一个async init(){…返回this;}方法，然后执行new MyClass().init()，当你通常只说new MyClass()时。

这并不干净，因为它依赖于使用您的代码的每个人，以及您自己，总是像这样实例化对象。但是，如果您只在代码中的一两个特定位置使用该对象，则可能没有问题。

但是一个重要的问题出现了，因为ES没有类型系统，所以如果你忘记调用它，你只是返回了undefined，因为构造函数没有返回任何东西。哦。更好的做法是这样做:

最好的办法是:

class AsyncOnlyObject {
    constructor() {
    }
    async init() {
        this.someField = await this.calculateStuff();
    }

    async calculateStuff() {
        return 5;
    }
}

async function newAsync_AsyncOnlyObject() {
    return await new AsyncOnlyObject().init();
}

newAsync_AsyncOnlyObject().then(console.log);
// output: AsyncOnlyObject {someField: 5}

工厂方法解决方案(稍好)

然而，你可能会意外地做新的AsyncOnlyObject，你应该直接创建使用Object.create(AsyncOnlyObject.prototype)的工厂函数:

async function newAsync_AsyncOnlyObject() {
    return await Object.create(AsyncOnlyObject.prototype).init();
}

newAsync_AsyncOnlyObject().then(console.log);
// output: AsyncOnlyObject {someField: 5}

However say you want to use this pattern on many objects... you could abstract this as a decorator or something you (verbosely, ugh) call after defining like postProcess_makeAsyncInit(AsyncOnlyObject), but here I'm going to use extends because it sort of fits into subclass semantics (subclasses are parent class + extra, in that they should obey the design contract of the parent class, and may do additional things; an async subclass would be strange if the parent wasn't also async, because it could not be initialized the same way):

抽象解决方案(扩展/子类版本)

class AsyncObject {
    constructor() {
        throw new Error('classes descended from AsyncObject must be initialized as (await) TheClassName.anew(), rather than new TheClassName()');
    }

    static async anew(...args) {
        var R = Object.create(this.prototype);
        R.init(...args);
        return R;
    }
}

class MyObject extends AsyncObject {
    async init(x, y=5) {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
        // bonus: we need not return 'this'
    }
}

MyObject.anew('x').then(console.log);
// output: MyObject {x: "x", y: 5}

(不要在生产中使用:我没有考虑过复杂的场景，比如这是否是为关键字参数编写包装器的正确方式。)

根据您的注释，您可能应该做其他带有资产加载的HTMLElement所做的事情:使构造函数启动一个侧加载操作，根据结果生成一个加载或错误事件。

是的，这意味着使用承诺，但这也意味着“以与其他HTML元素相同的方式做事”，所以你是一个很好的公司。例如:

var img = new Image();
img.onload = function(evt) { ... }
img.addEventListener("load", evt => ... );
img.onerror = function(evt) { ... }
img.addEventListener("error", evt => ... );
img.src = "some url";

这将启动源资产的异步加载，当它成功时，以onload结束，当它出错时，以onerror结束。所以，让你自己的类也这样做:

class EMailElement extends HTMLElement {
  connectedCallback() {
    this.uid = this.getAttribute('data-uid');
  }

  setAttribute(name, value) {
    super.setAttribute(name, value);
    if (name === 'data-uid') {
      this.uid = value;
    }
  }

  set uid(input) {
    if (!input) return;
    const uid = parseInt(input);
    // don't fight the river, go with the flow, use a promise:
    new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      yourDataBase.getByUID(uid, (err, result) => {
        if (err) return reject(err);
        resolve(result);
      });
    })
    .then(result => {
      this.renderLoaded(result.message);
    })
    .catch(error => {
      this.renderError(error);
    });
  }
};

customElements.define('e-mail', EmailElement);

然后你让renderLoaded/renderError函数处理事件调用和shadow dom:

  renderLoaded(message) {
    const shadowRoot = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});
    shadowRoot.innerHTML = `
      <div class="email">A random email message has appeared. ${message}</div>
    `;
    // is there an ancient event listener?
    if (this.onload) {
      this.onload(...);
    }
    // there might be modern event listeners. dispatch an event.
    this.dispatchEvent(new Event('load'));
  }

  renderFailed() {
    const shadowRoot = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});
    shadowRoot.innerHTML = `
      <div class="email">No email messages.</div>
    `;
    // is there an ancient event listener?
    if (this.onload) {
      this.onerror(...);
    }
    // there might be modern event listeners. dispatch an event.
    this.dispatchEvent(new Event('error'));
  }

还要注意，我将id更改为一个类，因为除非您编写一些奇怪的代码，只允许页面上的<e-mail>元素的单个实例，否则您不能使用唯一标识符，然后将其分配给一堆元素。