在JavaScript中实现堆栈和队列的最佳方法是什么?
我想做调车场算法我需要这些数据结构。
当前回答
/*------------------------------------------------------------------
Defining Stack Operations using Closures in Javascript, privacy and
state of stack operations are maintained
@author:Arijt Basu
Log: Sun Dec 27, 2015, 3:25PM
-------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
var stackControl = true;
var stack = (function(array) {
array = [];
//--Define the max size of the stack
var MAX_SIZE = 5;
function isEmpty() {
if (array.length < 1) console.log("Stack is empty");
};
isEmpty();
return {
push: function(ele) {
if (array.length < MAX_SIZE) {
array.push(ele)
return array;
} else {
console.log("Stack Overflow")
}
},
pop: function() {
if (array.length > 1) {
array.pop();
return array;
} else {
console.log("Stack Underflow");
}
}
}
})()
// var list = 5;
// console.log(stack(list))
if (stackControl) {
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.push(3));
console.log(stack.push(2));
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.push(1));
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.push(38));
console.log(stack.push(22));
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.push(6));
console.log(stack.pop());
}
//End of STACK Logic
/* Defining Queue operations*/
var queue = (function(array) {
array = [];
var reversearray;
//--Define the max size of the stack
var MAX_SIZE = 5;
function isEmpty() {
if (array.length < 1) console.log("Queue is empty");
};
isEmpty();
return {
insert: function(ele) {
if (array.length < MAX_SIZE) {
array.push(ele)
reversearray = array.reverse();
return reversearray;
} else {
console.log("Queue Overflow")
}
},
delete: function() {
if (array.length > 1) {
//reversearray = array.reverse();
array.pop();
return array;
} else {
console.log("Queue Underflow");
}
}
}
})()
console.log(queue.insert(5))
console.log(queue.insert(3))
console.log(queue.delete(3))
其他回答
如果你理解栈的push()和pop()函数，那么queue只是在相反的意义上进行这些操作之一。push()的对边是unshift()， pop()的对边是shift()。 然后:
//classic stack
var stack = [];
stack.push("first"); // push inserts at the end
stack.push("second");
stack.push("last");
stack.pop(); //pop takes the "last" element
//One way to implement queue is to insert elements in the oposite sense than a stack
var queue = [];
queue.unshift("first"); //unshift inserts at the beginning
queue.unshift("second");
queue.unshift("last");
queue.pop(); //"first"
//other way to do queues is to take the elements in the oposite sense than stack
var queue = [];
queue.push("first"); //push, as in the stack inserts at the end
queue.push("second");
queue.push("last");
queue.shift(); //but shift takes the "first" element
Javascript中的常规数组结构是一个堆栈(先入后出)，也可以用作队列(先入先出)，这取决于你所做的调用。
检查这个链接，看看如何让一个数组像一个队列:
队列
你可以使用WeakMaps来实现ES6类中的私有属性，以及JavaScript语言中String属性和方法的好处，如下所示:
const _items = new WeakMap();
class Stack {
constructor() {
_items.set(this, []);
}
push(obj) {
_items.get(this).push(obj);
}
pop() {
const L = _items.get(this).length;
if(L===0)
throw new Error('Stack is empty');
return _items.get(this).pop();
}
peek() {
const items = _items.get(this);
if(items.length === 0)
throw new Error ('Stack is empty');
return items[items.length-1];
}
get count() {
return _items.get(this).length;
}
}
const stack = new Stack();
//now in console:
//stack.push('a')
//stack.push(1)
//stack.count => 2
//stack.peek() => 1
//stack.pop() => 1
//stack.pop() => "a"
//stack.count => 0
//stack.pop() => Error Stack is empty
下面是一个队列的链表版本，它也包括最后一个节点，这是@perkins建议的，也是最合适的。
// QUEUE Object Definition
var Queue = function() {
this.first = null;
this.last = null;
this.size = 0;
};
var Node = function(data) {
this.data = data;
this.next = null;
};
Queue.prototype.enqueue = function(data) {
var node = new Node(data);
if (!this.first){ // for empty list first and last are the same
this.first = node;
this.last = node;
} else { // otherwise we stick it on the end
this.last.next=node;
this.last=node;
}
this.size += 1;
return node;
};
Queue.prototype.dequeue = function() {
if (!this.first) //check for empty list
return null;
temp = this.first; // grab top of list
if (this.first==this.last) {
this.last=null; // when we need to pop the last one
}
this.first = this.first.next; // move top of list down
this.size -= 1;
return temp;
};
/*------------------------------------------------------------------
Defining Stack Operations using Closures in Javascript, privacy and
state of stack operations are maintained
@author:Arijt Basu
Log: Sun Dec 27, 2015, 3:25PM
-------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
var stackControl = true;
var stack = (function(array) {
array = [];
//--Define the max size of the stack
var MAX_SIZE = 5;
function isEmpty() {
if (array.length < 1) console.log("Stack is empty");
};
isEmpty();
return {
push: function(ele) {
if (array.length < MAX_SIZE) {
array.push(ele)
return array;
} else {
console.log("Stack Overflow")
}
},
pop: function() {
if (array.length > 1) {
array.pop();
return array;
} else {
console.log("Stack Underflow");
}
}
}
})()
// var list = 5;
// console.log(stack(list))
if (stackControl) {
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.push(3));
console.log(stack.push(2));
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.push(1));
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.push(38));
console.log(stack.push(22));
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.pop());
console.log(stack.push(6));
console.log(stack.pop());
}
//End of STACK Logic
/* Defining Queue operations*/
var queue = (function(array) {
array = [];
var reversearray;
//--Define the max size of the stack
var MAX_SIZE = 5;
function isEmpty() {
if (array.length < 1) console.log("Queue is empty");
};
isEmpty();
return {
insert: function(ele) {
if (array.length < MAX_SIZE) {
array.push(ele)
reversearray = array.reverse();
return reversearray;
} else {
console.log("Queue Overflow")
}
},
delete: function() {
if (array.length > 1) {
//reversearray = array.reverse();
array.pop();
return array;
} else {
console.log("Queue Underflow");
}
}
}
})()
console.log(queue.insert(5))
console.log(queue.insert(3))
console.log(queue.delete(3))
