在我看来，内建数组对于堆栈来说是很好的。如果你想在TypeScript中使用Queue，这里有一个实现

/**
 * A Typescript implementation of a queue.
 */
export default class Queue {

  private queue = [];
  private offset = 0;

  constructor(array = []) {
    // Init the queue using the contents of the array
    for (const item of array) {
      this.enqueue(item);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @returns {number} the length of the queue.
   */
  public getLength(): number {
    return (this.queue.length - this.offset);
  }

  /**
   * @returns {boolean} true if the queue is empty, and false otherwise.
   */
  public isEmpty(): boolean {
    return (this.queue.length === 0);
  }

  /**
   * Enqueues the specified item.
   *
   * @param item - the item to enqueue
   */
  public enqueue(item) {
    this.queue.push(item);
  }

  /**
   *  Dequeues an item and returns it. If the queue is empty, the value
   * {@code null} is returned.
   *
   * @returns {any}
   */
  public dequeue(): any {
    // if the queue is empty, return immediately
    if (this.queue.length === 0) {
      return null;
    }

    // store the item at the front of the queue
    const item = this.queue[this.offset];

    // increment the offset and remove the free space if necessary
    if (++this.offset * 2 >= this.queue.length) {
      this.queue = this.queue.slice(this.offset);
      this.offset = 0;
    }

    // return the dequeued item
    return item;
  };

  /**
   * Returns the item at the front of the queue (without dequeuing it).
   * If the queue is empty then {@code null} is returned.
   *
   * @returns {any}
   */
  public peek(): any {
    return (this.queue.length > 0 ? this.queue[this.offset] : null);
  }

}

这里有一个笑话测试

it('Queue', () => {
  const queue = new Queue();
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(0);
  expect(queue.peek()).toBeNull();
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBeNull();

  queue.enqueue(1);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(1);
  queue.enqueue(2);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(2);
  queue.enqueue(3);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(3);

  expect(queue.peek()).toBe(1);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(3);
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBe(1);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(2);

  expect(queue.peek()).toBe(2);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(2);
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBe(2);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(1);

  expect(queue.peek()).toBe(3);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(1);
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBe(3);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(0);

  expect(queue.peek()).toBeNull();
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBeNull();
});

希望有人觉得这有用，

欢呼,

Stu

有点晚了，但我认为答案应该在这里。下面是一个使用稀疏数组幂的O(1)入队列和O(1)出队列的Queue实现。

JS中的稀疏数组通常被忽视，但实际上它们是一块宝石，我们应该在一些关键任务中使用它们的力量。

这是一个骨架队列实现它扩展了数组类型并在O(1)中做了所有的事情。

class Queue extends Array { constructor(){ super() Object.defineProperty(this,"head",{ value : 0 , writable: true }); } enqueue(x) { this.push(x); return this; } dequeue() { var first; return this.head < this.length ? ( first = this[this.head] , delete this[this.head++] , first ) : void 0; // perfect undefined } peek() { return this[this.head]; } } var q = new Queue(); console.log(q.dequeue()); // doesn't break console.log(q.enqueue(10)); // add 10 console.log(q.enqueue("DIO")); // add "DIO" (Last In Line cCc R.J.DIO reis cCc) console.log(q); // display q console.log(q.dequeue()); // lets get the first one in the line console.log(q.dequeue()); // lets get DIO out from the line .as-console-wrapper { max-height: 100% !important; }

那么这里是否存在潜在的内存泄漏?不，我不这么认为。JS的稀疏数组是不连续的。因此，删除的项不应该成为数组内存占用的一部分。让GC帮你完成任务。这是免费的。

一个潜在的问题是，长度属性在不断将项目放入队列时无限增长。然而，仍然可以实现一个自动刷新(冷凝)机制，一旦长度达到某个值。

编辑:

上面的代码很好，但是删除操作符仍然是O(1)，是一个很慢的操作符。此外，现代JS引擎是如此优化，对于< ~25000项。shift()工作O(1)无论如何。所以我们需要更好的东西。

在这种特殊情况下，随着引擎的发展，我们必须利用它们的新力量。下面的代码使用链表，我相信它是截至2021年最快、最安全的现代JS队列结构。

class Queue {
  #head;
  #last;
  constructor(){
    this.#head;
    this.#last;
  };
  enqueue(value){
    var link = {value, next: void 0};
    this.#last = this.#head ? this.#last.next = link
                            : this.#head      = link;
  }
  dequeue(){
    var first;
    return this.#head && ( first = this.#head.value
                         , this.#head = this.#head.next
                         , first
                         );
  }
  peek(){
    return this.#head && this.#head.value;
  }
};

这是一个非常快速的队列结构，并使用私有类字段隐藏关键变量以防止窥视。

下面是一个队列的链表版本，它也包括最后一个节点，这是@perkins建议的，也是最合适的。

// QUEUE Object Definition

var Queue = function() {
  this.first = null;
  this.last = null;
  this.size = 0;
};

var Node = function(data) {
  this.data = data;
  this.next = null;
};

Queue.prototype.enqueue = function(data) {
  var node = new Node(data);

  if (!this.first){ // for empty list first and last are the same
    this.first = node;
    this.last = node;
  } else { // otherwise we stick it on the end
    this.last.next=node;
    this.last=node;
  }

  this.size += 1;
  return node;
};

Queue.prototype.dequeue = function() {
  if (!this.first) //check for empty list
    return null;

  temp = this.first; // grab top of list
  if (this.first==this.last) {
    this.last=null;  // when we need to pop the last one
  }
  this.first = this.first.next; // move top of list down
  this.size -= 1;
  return temp;
};

var stack = [];
stack.push(2);       // stack is now [2]
stack.push(5);       // stack is now [2, 5]
var i = stack.pop(); // stack is now [2]
alert(i);            // displays 5

var queue = [];
queue.push(2);         // queue is now [2]
queue.push(5);         // queue is now [2, 5]
var i = queue.shift(); // queue is now [5]
alert(i);              // displays 2

摘自“9个你可能不知道的JavaScript技巧”

如果有人需要它，你可以使用这个NPM包https://www.npmjs.com/package/data-structures-typescript，它有一个队列和堆栈，它支持javascript和typescript，它是通用的，所以你可以用你自己的值类型;)

Create a pair of classes that provide the various methods that each of these data structures has (push, pop, peek, etc). Now implement the methods. If you're familiar with the concepts behind stack/queue, this should be pretty straightforward. You can implement the stack with an array, and a queue with a linked list, although there are certainly other ways to go about it. Javascript will make this easy, because it is weakly typed, so you don't even have to worry about generic types, which you'd have to do if you were implementing it in Java or C#.