我在使用Java 8和spring boot 5.2.7时也遇到了同样的问题(包括插件，开箱即用)。插件的版本是默认的(2.22.2)。在我的例子中，问题只发生在团队中的一些机器上，而在其他机器上一切正常。我猜这和maven检测到的内核数量有关。

我用这些设置来修复它:

        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <reuseForks>false</reuseForks>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

我尝试了许多建议的方法，但没有一种对我的情况有效。

这个解决方案唯一的缺点是禁用分叉的重用，现在测试运行得更慢了。

在我的测试类中的一个静态成员变量调用一个方法来创建一个对象(在整个类的测试用例中使用)，并且该方法导致了一个异常之后，我遇到了这个错误。

// Object created inside test class by calling a static getter.
// Exception thrown in getter:
private static Object someObject = SomeObject.getObject(...);

// ... <Object later used in class>

一些修复包括在每个测试用例中重新创建对象，并相应地捕获任何异常。或者通过在@BeforeTest方法中初始化对象并确保正确地构建对象。

Surefire FAQ的这一部分可以帮助你:

Surefire fails with the message "The forked VM terminated without properly saying goodbye" Surefire does not support tests or any referenced libraries calling System.exit() at any time. If they do so, they are incompatible with surefire and you should probably file an issue with the library/vendor. Alternatively the forked VM could also crash for a number of reasons, which can also make this issue happen. Look for the classical "hs_err*" files indicating VM crashes or examine the log output from running maven when the tests execute. Some "extraordinary" output from crashing processes may be dumped to the console/log. If this happens on a CI environment and only after some time runs there is a fair chance your test suite is leaking some kind of OS-level resource that makes things worse for every run. Regular os-level monitoring tools may give you some indication.

我在升级到java 12后遇到了类似的问题，对我来说，解决方案是更新jacoco版本<jacoco.version>0.8.3</jacoco.version>

使用maven surefire 2.21.0我解决了reuseForks选项值从true变为false的问题:

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.21.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <reuseForks>false</reuseForks>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

我正在构建的整个配置部分是这样的:

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.21.0</version>
            <configuration>
                <testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
                <skip>false</skip>
                <reuseForks>false</reuseForks>
                <argLine>-Xmx1024m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m</argLine>
                <argLine>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8</argLine>
                <useSystemClassLoader>false</useSystemClassLoader>
                <includes>
                    <!--Test* classes for the app testing -->
                    <include>**/directory/Test*.java</include>
                </includes>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

您可以设置java选项

SET JAVA_OPTS='-Xmx1024m' XX:+UseLoopPredicate

MVN清洁安装