使用TLS/SSL (HTTPS)加密时,所有url都加密了吗?我想知道,因为我想在使用TLS/SSL (HTTPS)时隐藏所有URL数据。
如果TLS/SSL提供了URL的全部加密,那么我就不必担心从URL中隐藏机密信息。
使用TLS/SSL (HTTPS)加密时,所有url都加密了吗?我想知道,因为我想在使用TLS/SSL (HTTPS)时隐藏所有URL数据。
如果TLS/SSL提供了URL的全部加密,那么我就不必担心从URL中隐藏机密信息。
当前回答
You can not always count on privacy of the full URL either. For instance, as is sometimes the case on enterprise networks, supplied devices like your company PC are configured with an extra "trusted" root certificate so that your browser can quietly trust a proxy (man-in-the-middle) inspection of https traffic. This means that the full URL is exposed for inspection. This is usually saved to a log. Furthermore, your passwords are also exposed and probably logged and this is another reason to use one time passwords or to change your passwords frequently. Finally, the request and response content is also exposed if not otherwise encrypted. One example of the inspection setup is described by Checkpoint here. An old style "internet café" using supplied PC's may also be set up this way.
其他回答
正如其他答案已经指出的,https“url”确实是加密的。然而,解析域名时您的DNS请求/响应可能不是,当然,如果您使用浏览器,您的url也可能被记录。
A third-party that is monitoring traffic may also be able to determine the page visited by examining your traffic an comparing it with the traffic another user has when visiting the site. For example if there were 2 pages only on a site, one much larger than the other, then comparison of the size of the data transfer would tell which page you visited. There are ways this could be hidden from the third-party but they're not normal server or browser behaviour. See for example this paper from SciRate, https://scirate.com/arxiv/1403.0297.
一般来说,其他答案是正确的,但实际上,这篇论文表明,可以相当有效地确定访问的页面(即URL)。
链接到我对重复问题的回答。URL不仅在浏览器历史记录中可用,服务器端日志也可以作为HTTP Referer头发送,如果您使用第三方内容,则会将URL暴露给您控制之外的来源。
此外,如果您正在构建一个ReSTful API,浏览器泄漏和http引用程序问题将在很大程度上得到缓解,因为客户端可能不是浏览器,您可能没有人点击链接。
如果是这种情况,我建议登录oAuth2以获得一个不记名令牌。在这种情况下,唯一的敏感数据将是初始凭证……无论如何,这应该在post请求中
是也不是。
服务器地址部分不加密,因为它是用来建立连接的。
这种情况可能会随着加密的SNI和DNS而改变,但截至2018年,这两种技术都不常用。
路径、查询字符串等都是加密的。
注意,对于GET请求,用户仍然可以从位置栏中剪切和粘贴URL,并且您可能不希望将机密信息放在那里,因为任何人都可以看到屏幕。