另一种替代方法可能并不适用于所有环境。至少可以保证它在nodejs 0.8中工作 这种方法使用了一种非标准的方法来修改内部原型道具

function myError(msg){ 
      var e = new Error(msg); 
      _this = this; 
      _this.__proto__.__proto__ = e;
}

以上所有的答案都很糟糕，真的。即使是107个向上的那个!真正的答案在这里:

从Error对象继承- message属性在哪里?

TL; diana:

a .没有设置message的原因是Error是一个函数，它返回一个新的Error对象，并且不以任何方式操作它。

B.正确的方法是从构造函数返回apply的结果，以及以通常复杂的javascript方式设置原型:

function MyError() { var temp = Error.apply(this, arguments); temp.name = this.name = 'MyError'; this.message = temp.message; if(Object.defineProperty) { // getter for more optimizy goodness /*this.stack = */Object.defineProperty(this, 'stack', { get: function() { return temp.stack }, configurable: true // so you can change it if you want }) } else { this.stack = temp.stack } } //inherit prototype using ECMAScript 5 (IE 9+) MyError.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype, { constructor: { value: MyError, writable: true, configurable: true } }); var myError = new MyError("message"); console.log("The message is: '" + myError.message + "'"); // The message is: 'message' console.log(myError instanceof Error); // true console.log(myError instanceof MyError); // true console.log(myError.toString()); // MyError: message console.log(myError.stack); // MyError: message \n // <stack trace ...> //for EMCAScript 4 or ealier (IE 8 or ealier), inherit prototype this way instead of above code: /* var IntermediateInheritor = function() {}; IntermediateInheritor.prototype = Error.prototype; MyError.prototype = new IntermediateInheritor(); */

您可能会使用一些技巧来枚举tmp Error的所有不可枚举属性来设置它们，而不是显式地只设置stack和message，但是ie<9不支持这种技巧

我只需要实现这样的东西，发现堆栈在我自己的错误实现中丢失了。我要做的是创建一个虚拟错误，并从中检索堆栈:

My.Error = function (message, innerException) {
    var err = new Error();
    this.stack = err.stack; // IMPORTANT!
    this.name = "Error";
    this.message = message;
    this.innerException = innerException;
}
My.Error.prototype = new Error();
My.Error.prototype.constructor = My.Error;
My.Error.prototype.toString = function (includeStackTrace) {
    var msg = this.message;
    var e = this.innerException;
    while (e) {
        msg += " The details are:\n" + e.message;
        e = e.innerException;
    }
    if (includeStackTrace) {
        msg += "\n\nStack Trace:\n\n" + this.stack;
    }
    return msg;
}

我也遇到过类似的问题。我的错误需要是error和NotImplemented的实例，它还需要在控制台中产生一致的回溯。

我的解决方案:

var NotImplemented = (function() {
  var NotImplemented, err;
  NotImplemented = (function() {
    function NotImplemented(message) {
      var err;
      err = new Error(message);
      err.name = "NotImplemented";
      this.message = err.message;
      if (err.stack) this.stack = err.stack;
    }
    return NotImplemented;
  })();
  err = new Error();
  err.name = "NotImplemented";
  NotImplemented.prototype = err;

  return NotImplemented;
}).call(this);

// TEST:
console.log("instanceof Error: " + (new NotImplemented() instanceof Error));
console.log("instanceof NotImplemented: " + (new NotImplemented() instanceofNotImplemented));
console.log("message: "+(new NotImplemented('I was too busy').message));
throw new NotImplemented("just didn't feel like it");

使用node.js运行的结果:

instanceof Error: true
instanceof NotImplemented: true
message: I was too busy

/private/tmp/t.js:24
throw new NotImplemented("just didn't feel like it");
      ^
NotImplemented: just didn't feel like it
    at Error.NotImplemented (/Users/colin/projects/gems/jax/t.js:6:13)
    at Object.<anonymous> (/Users/colin/projects/gems/jax/t.js:24:7)
    at Module._compile (module.js:449:26)
    at Object.Module._extensions..js (module.js:467:10)
    at Module.load (module.js:356:32)
    at Function.Module._load (module.js:312:12)
    at Module.runMain (module.js:487:10)
    at process.startup.processNextTick.process._tickCallback (node.js:244:9)

该错误通过了我的所有3个标准，尽管stack属性是非标准的，但在大多数较新的浏览器中都支持它，这在我的情况下是可以接受的。

如果有人想知道如何创建一个自定义错误并获得堆栈跟踪:

function CustomError(message) {
  this.name = 'CustomError';
  this.message = message || '';
  var error = new Error(this.message);
  error.name = this.name;
  this.stack = error.stack;
}
CustomError.prototype = Object.create(Error.prototype);

try {
  throw new CustomError('foobar');
}
catch (e) {
  console.log('name:', e.name);
  console.log('message:', e.message);
  console.log('stack:', e.stack);
}

尝试为用户定义的错误类型的每个实例创建一个新的原型对象。它允许instanceof检查像往常一样运行，并且在Firefox和V8 (Chome, nodejs)中正确报告类型和消息。

function NotImplementedError(message){
    if(NotImplementedError.innercall===undefined){
        NotImplementedError.innercall = true;
        NotImplementedError.prototype = new Error(message);
        NotImplementedError.prototype.name = "NotImplementedError";
        NotImplementedError.prototype.constructor = NotImplementedError;

        return new NotImplementedError(message);
    }
    delete NotImplementedError.innercall;
}

注意，一个额外的条目将在正确的堆栈之前。